Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of green competitive advantage, integrated reporting, and carbon disclosure on firm value, with state ownership as a moderating variable. The object of this research is all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, spanning the period from 2021 to 2023. The population of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the samples processed consisted of 438 companies, excluding outlier data from 18 companies. The analysis technique employs legitimacy and agency theory, examining the independent variable and the dependent variable in the presence of moderating variables and control variables, including firm size, leverage, and profitability. The results of this study indicate that a green competitive advantage has a positive but insignificant effect on firm value. In contrast, integrated reporting has a negative but insignificant effect on firm value. In contrast, carbon disclosure has a negative and significant effect on firm value. This study also examines moderation by creating interaction variables and assessing their impact on firm value as the dependent variable. There are three interaction variables: green competitive advantage with state ownership, integrated reporting with state ownership, and carbon disclosure with state ownership. The results of testing the effect of the interaction variables were found to be negatively insignificant, positively insignificant, and negatively significant. The discarded outlier data and measures used may have affected the results of this study.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Joshua Arta Iwan Wijaya, Jesica Handoko

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References
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- Muisyo, P. K., Qin, S., Ho, T. H., & Julius, M. M. (2022). The effect of green HRM practices on green competitive advantage of manufacturing firms. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-10-2020-0388
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- Pradinata, I. A., Handoko, J., & Mokoginta, D. D. (2024). Analisis environment, social, governance dan struktur kepemilikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan pemoderasi kekuatan CEO. Jurnal Akuntansi Keuangan dan Bisnis Politeknik Caltex Riau, 17(November), 65–73.
- Pratama, Y. M. (2021). Analisis determinan pengungkapan emisi karbon di Indonesia. Modus, 33(2), 120–137. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmieb.v6i1.18398
- Rachmawati, S. (2023). The new model: Green innovation modified to moderate the fluence of integrated reporting, green intellectual capital toward green competitive advantage. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13921
- Saka, C., & Oshika, T. (2014). Disclosure effects, carbon emissions and corporate value. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-09-2012-0030
- Suryanata, I. N. P. J., & Sujana, E. (2023). Pengaruh pengungkapan manajemen risiko perusahaan, modal intelektual, dan emisi karbon terhadap nilai perusahaan. JIMAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi) Undiksha, 14(03), 536–548. https://doi.org/10.23887/jimat.v14i03.61410
- Suryo, & Maulana. (2024). Pengaruh financial leverage dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan pengungkapan pelaporan terintegrasi sebagai variabel intervening. LAND (Logistic and Accountant Development) Journal, 5, 12–24. https://doi.org/10.47491/landjournal.v5i1
- Suyati, & Murwaningsari, E. (2023). Pengaruh green competitive advantage dan pelaporan terintegrasi terhadap nilai perusahaan. AKURASI (Jurnal Studi Akuntansi dan Keuangan), 5(2), 193–208.
- Tana, H. F. P., & Nugraheni, B. D. (2021). Pengaruh tipe industri, tingkat utang dan profitabilitas terhadap pengungkapan emisi karbon. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi, 10(2), 104–112. http://journal.wima.ac.id/index.php/JIMA/article/view/3567
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- Vanderhorst, R. H. D., Pathirage, C., & Proverbs, D. (2024). Navigating flood resilience: Challenges, solutions, and lessons learnt from the Dominican Republic. Water (Switzerland), 16(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/w16030382
- Widhiastuti, S., Murwaningsari, E., & Mayangsari, S. (2018). The effect of business intelligence and intellectual capital of firm value moderated by management of profit riil. Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.20448/2002.22.64.78
- Wijaya, H., Tania, D., & Cahyadi, H. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan. Jurnal Bina Akuntansi, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.52859/jba.v8i2.148
- Wijayanto, A., Suhadak, Dzulkirom, M., & Nuzula, N. F. (2019). The effect of competitive advantage on financial performance and firm value: Evidence from Indonesian manufacturing companies. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 85(1). https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2019-01.04
- Zameer, H., Wang, Y., Yasmeen, H., & Mubarak, S. (2022). Green innovation as a mediator in the impact of business analytics and environmental orientation on green competitive advantage. Management Decision, 60(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-01-2020-0065
References
Adams, C. A. (2015). The international integrated reporting council: a call to action. Critical perspectives on accounting, 27, 23-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2014.07.001
Adrian, M. A. (2023). Analisis pengaruh aktivitas ekonomi terhadap peningkatan emisi karbon: Studi empiris empat negara ASEAN. Jurnal Ekonomi Indonesia, 12(2), 187-202. https://doi.org/10.52813/jei.v12i2.379
Anindita, H. (2020). Sustainable business: arti penting dan contoh perusahaan sustainable. https://www.jojonomic.com/blog/sustainable-business/
Arifah, N., & Haryono, S. (2021). Determinan pengungkapan emisi karbon perusahaan Indonesia dan Malaysia periode 2013-2018. At-Taradhi: Jurnal Studi Ekonomi, 12(1), 1-20.
Ayuning, R. P. L. F., & Dewi, D. A. (2021). Implementasi pendidikan kewarganegaraan generasi muda sebagai smart and good citizen di era disrupsi. Jurnal Pekan : Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.31932/jpk.v6i1.1169
Barth, M. E., Cahan, S. F., Chen, L., & Venter, E. R. (2017). The economic consequences associated with integrated report quality: Capital market and real effects. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2017.08.005
Carolin, J. Y., & Susilawati, C. (2024). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas, dan leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan. Jesya, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v7i1.1447
Chen, C. S. (2022). What is the impact of green strategy on enterprises? exploring the mediating effect of green assets and green technology. International Journal of Business, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.55802/ijb.027(1).005
Chen, Y. S., Lai, S. B., & Wen, C. T. (2006). The influence of green innovation performance on corporate advantage in Taiwan. Journal of Business Ethics, 67(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9025-5
Chung, K. H., & Pruitt, S. W. (1994). A simple approximation of Tobin’s q. Financial Management.
Deegan, C., Rankin, M., & Tobin, J. (2002). An examination of the corporate social and environmental disclosures of BHP from 1983–1997: A test of legitimacy theory. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/09513570210435861
Dinda, Y. M., & Darmawati, D. (2023). Pengaruh perencanaan pajak terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kepemilikan negara sebagai variabel moderasi (pada perusahaan badan usaha milik negara (BUMN) yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2018–2021). Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v3i2.18186
Friedlingstein, P., O'sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., ... & Zeng, J. (2024). Global carbon budget 2024. Earth System Science Data Discussions, 2024, 1-133.
Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 25.
Global Reporting Initiative. (2016). GRI 305: Emissions. GRI Standards.
Handoko, J., Tambunan, S. T. B., & Yudhanti, C. B. H. (2025). Financial slack and voluntary reporting on stock decision: Experimental study. Jurnal Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 26(2), 255–274. https://doi.org/10.34208/jba.v26i2.2500
IIRC. (2013). Connectivity background paper for . International Integrated Reporting Council.
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral. (2020). Inventarisasi emisi GRK bidang energi. Inventarisasi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Sektor Energi Tahun 2020, 41.
Lako, A. (2018). Sustainability reporting, apa manfaatnya? Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang.
Lee, K. W., & Yeo, G. H. H. (2016). The association between integrated reporting and firm valuation. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 47(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11156-015-0536-y
Muisyo, P. K., Qin, S., Ho, T. H., & Julius, M. M. (2022). The effect of green HRM practices on green competitive advantage of manufacturing firms. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-10-2020-0388
Mujiani, S., Juardi, J., & Fauziah, F. (2019). Determinan carbon emission disclosure pada perusahaan BUMN yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2013–2017. JIAFE (Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi), 5(1), 53–64.
Pradinata, I. A., Handoko, J., & Mokoginta, D. D. (2024). Analisis environment, social, governance dan struktur kepemilikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan pemoderasi kekuatan CEO. Jurnal Akuntansi Keuangan dan Bisnis Politeknik Caltex Riau, 17(November), 65–73.
Pratama, Y. M. (2021). Analisis determinan pengungkapan emisi karbon di Indonesia. Modus, 33(2), 120–137. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmieb.v6i1.18398
Rachmawati, S. (2023). The new model: Green innovation modified to moderate the fluence of integrated reporting, green intellectual capital toward green competitive advantage. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13921
Saka, C., & Oshika, T. (2014). Disclosure effects, carbon emissions and corporate value. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-09-2012-0030
Suryanata, I. N. P. J., & Sujana, E. (2023). Pengaruh pengungkapan manajemen risiko perusahaan, modal intelektual, dan emisi karbon terhadap nilai perusahaan. JIMAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi) Undiksha, 14(03), 536–548. https://doi.org/10.23887/jimat.v14i03.61410
Suryo, & Maulana. (2024). Pengaruh financial leverage dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan pengungkapan pelaporan terintegrasi sebagai variabel intervening. LAND (Logistic and Accountant Development) Journal, 5, 12–24. https://doi.org/10.47491/landjournal.v5i1
Suyati, & Murwaningsari, E. (2023). Pengaruh green competitive advantage dan pelaporan terintegrasi terhadap nilai perusahaan. AKURASI (Jurnal Studi Akuntansi dan Keuangan), 5(2), 193–208.
Tana, H. F. P., & Nugraheni, B. D. (2021). Pengaruh tipe industri, tingkat utang dan profitabilitas terhadap pengungkapan emisi karbon. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi, 10(2), 104–112. http://journal.wima.ac.id/index.php/JIMA/article/view/3567
Trimuliani, D., & Febrianto, R. (2023). Pengungkapan emisi karbon dan kinerja karbon terhadap nilai perusahaan: Moderasi kepemilikan negara. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 5, 900–906. https://doi.org/10.37034/infeb.v5i3.681
Vanderhorst, R. H. D., Pathirage, C., & Proverbs, D. (2024). Navigating flood resilience: Challenges, solutions, and lessons learnt from the Dominican Republic. Water (Switzerland), 16(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/w16030382
Widhiastuti, S., Murwaningsari, E., & Mayangsari, S. (2018). The effect of business intelligence and intellectual capital of firm value moderated by management of profit riil. Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.20448/2002.22.64.78
Wijaya, H., Tania, D., & Cahyadi, H. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan. Jurnal Bina Akuntansi, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.52859/jba.v8i2.148
Wijayanto, A., Suhadak, Dzulkirom, M., & Nuzula, N. F. (2019). The effect of competitive advantage on financial performance and firm value: Evidence from Indonesian manufacturing companies. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 85(1). https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2019-01.04
Zameer, H., Wang, Y., Yasmeen, H., & Mubarak, S. (2022). Green innovation as a mediator in the impact of business analytics and environmental orientation on green competitive advantage. Management Decision, 60(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-01-2020-0065