Rejuvenation of National Defense and Security Policies in Facing Global Constellation Threats

Abstract

National defense and security policy is an important focus in dealing with threats that are developing amid the current global dynamics. In the Indonesian context, national security involves various aspects, not only physical but also non-physical such as political, economic and cyber. These non-physical threats are increasingly relevant with the rapid development of globalization. It was found that Indonesia has a sufficient legal framework to regulate national defense and security, but there are still differences in interpretation and integration between institutions. Threats to national defense and security are multidimensional, involving various sectors such as the military, police, intelligence and local government. The author uses doctrinal legal research method with primary legal materials in the form of regulations and laws, and secondary data in the form of books and scientific journals. This article analyzes the existing conditions related to defense strategies and policies as well as the state's efforts in facing political, economic, and global disruption threats. Strengthening the national defense and security system requires close cooperation between the government, society and the private sector. By optimizing future defense projections, Indonesia seeks to maintain state sovereignty and mitigate threats that may arise, especially from tensions between the United States and China.
Keywords: Threats, Defense and Security, Disruption, National Security Legal Plan

Abstrak
Kebijakan pertahanan dan keamanan nasional menjadi fokus penting dalam menghadapi ancaman yang berkembang di tengah dinamika global saat ini. Dalam konteks Indonesia, keamanan nasional menyangkut berbagai aspek, tidak hanya aspek fisik namun juga non fisik seperti politik, ekonomi, dan siber. Ancaman non-fisik tersebut semakin relevan dengan pesatnya perkembangan globalisasi. Ditemukan bahwa Indonesia memiliki kerangka hukum yang memadai untuk mengatur pertahanan dan keamanan negara, namun masih terdapat perbedaan interpretasi dan integrasi antar lembaga. Ancaman terhadap pertahanan dan keamanan negara bersifat multidimensi dan melibatkan berbagai sektor seperti TNI, Polri, Intelijen, dan Pemerintah Daerah. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum doktrinal dengan bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan dan perundang-undangan, serta data sekunder berupa buku dan jurnal ilmiah. Artikel ini menganalisis kondisi eksisting terkait strategi dan kebijakan pertahanan serta upaya negara dalam menghadapi ancaman disrupsi politik, ekonomi, dan global. Penguatan sistem pertahanan dan keamanan nasional memerlukan kerja sama yang erat antara pemerintah, masyarakat, dan sektor swasta. Dengan mengoptimalkan proyeksi pertahanan ke depan, Indonesia berupaya menjaga kedaulatan negara dan memitigasi ancaman yang mungkin timbul, terutama dari ketegangan antara Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok.
Kata Kunci: Ancaman, Pertahanan dan Keamanan, Gangguan, Rencana Hukum Keamanan Nasional