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Abstract
Presidentialism system emphasizes that president possess the authority to appoint and dismiss ministers, as stipulated in Article 17 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and the Law on State Ministries. However, this authority is often perceived as an absolute prerogative, lacking a clear mechanism for accountability. In a democratic system, the president’s power must inherently carry public responsibility, including in the appointment and dismissal of ministers. This study aims to analyze the problems in evaluating ministerial performance in Indonesia and how the integration of Key Performance Indicators (KPI) with the principle of public transparency can strengthen the accountability of ministerial governance. Currently, performance evaluation is conducted through the Government Agency Performance Accountability System (SAKIP), which relies heavily on internal reports from each ministry and lacks transparency and standardization. As a result, the evaluation process tends to be administrative, closed, subjective, limiting the public’s ability to assess ministerial performance comprehensively. Using a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, this study focuses on integrating an objective, standardized, and transparent performance evaluation system. The findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive ministerial performance index grounded in public openness. The index as an objective basis for presidential decisions, including cabinet reshuffles, and enable public oversight. This study recommends the formulation of a specific regulation, such as a Presidential Regulation, to govern the standardized and transparent evaluation model, coordinated by the Cabinet Secretariat. Integrating KPIs and the principle of transparency will foster a more accountable, responsive, and democratic government.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Muhamad Saleh, Retno Widiastuti
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Presidential Regulation No. 139 of 2024 concerning the Structuring of Duties and Functions of State Ministries in the Red and White Cabinet for the 2024–2029 Period (Peraturan Presiden Nomor 139 Tahun 2024 tentang Penataan Tugas dan Fungsi Kementerian Negara Kabinet Merah Putih Periode Tahun 2024–2029)
Presidential Regulation No. 55 of 2020 concerning the Cabinet Secretariat (Peraturan Presiden Nomor 55 Tahun 2020 tentang Sekretariat Kabinet)
Suhermawan, Siti Fildzah Nadhilah, dkk. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Tata Kelola TI terhadap Transformasi Digital dan Kinerja Kementerian. JIPI (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Informatika), Vol. 8 No. 2, Juni. https://doi.org/10.29100/jipi.v8i2.3433
Syah, Donny Oktavian. (2015). Studi Pengembangan Sistem Manajemen Indikator Kinerja Utama (IKU) pada Organisasi Pemerintah. Jurnal Lentera Bisnis, Vol. 4 No. 2, November.
Tashobya, Christine Kirunga, dkk. (2014). Health Systems Performance Assessment in Low-Income Countries: Learning from International Experiences. Globalization and Health. http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/10/1/5
Tiara Indah & Puji Hariyanti. (2018). Implementasi Kebijakan Keterbukaan Informasi Publik pada Dinas Kominfo Kota Tasikmalaya. Jurnal Komunikasi, Vol. 12 No. 2, April, hlm. 128.
References
Ainul Haq, Cendekiawan, dkk. (2022). Dinamisasi Kabinet dan Upaya Konsistensi Sistem Presidensial di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum dan Kenotariatan, Vol. 5 No. 2, hlm. 331–332. https://doi.org/10.33474/hukeno.v5i2.10756
AlShehail, Ohoud Ali. (2022). Total Quality Management and Sustainability in the Public Service Sector: The Mediating Effect of Service Innovation. Benchmarking: An International Journal, Vol. 29 No. 2. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-08-2020-0449
Ansolabehere, S., & Rogowski, J. C. (2020). Unilateral Action and Presidential Accountability. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 50(1), 129–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/psq.12639
Donny Oktavian Syah. (2015). Studi Pengembangan Sistem Manajemen Indikator Kinerja Utama (IKU) pada Organisasi Pemerintah: Sebuah Kajian Konseptual Reformasi Birokrasi di Indonesia. Jurnal Lentera Bisnis, Vol. 4 No. 2, November.
Erawan, I Gede Ari. (2019). Implementation of Balanced Scorecard in Indonesian Government Institutions: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Public Administration Studies, Vol. 4 No. 2, Desember.
Furqan, Andi Chairil, dkk. (2020). The Effect of Audit Findings and Audit Recommendation Follow-Up on the Financial Report and Public Service Quality in Indonesia. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 22 Juni. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v5-i5-16
https://setkab.go.id/kabinet-kerja/
https://www.menpan.go.id/site/reformasi-birokrasi/permasalahan-dan-tindak-lanjut-ke-depan
Kurniawan, Fauzi & Akbar, Rusdi. (2020). Evaluasi Penerapan Sistem Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Bisnis, Universitas Gadjah Mada. https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/abis/article/download/59254/28923
Lanin, D. & Hermanto, N. (2019). The Effect of Service Quality Toward Public Satisfaction and Public Trust on Local Government in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 46 No. 3. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-04-2017-0151
Law No. 14 of 2008 concerning Public Information Transparency (Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik)
Maritza, Dhiya Fahriyyah. (2024). Peranan Masyarakat Sipil dalam Peningkatan Akuntabilitas Birokrasi Melalui Pengawasan Publik yang Aktif. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi, Vol. 14 No. 1. https://doi.org/10.33592/jiia.v14i1.4679
Mättö, Toni. (2019). Innovation Through Implementation of a Quality Improvement Method. The TQM Journal, Vol. 31 No. 6. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-12-2018-0193
Milka, dkk. (2022). Designing a Dashboard for HIV-data Reporting Performance by Facilities: Case Study of Kenya. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, doi:10.3233/SHTI220706
Mochtar, Zainal Arifin & Afkar, Kardiansyah. (2022). President’s Power, Transition, and Good Governance. Jurnal BESTUUR, Vol. 10 No. 1, Agustus. https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v10i1.59098
Ningsih, Silvia, dkk. (2021). Analisis Penerapan Anggaran Berbasis Kinerja dengan Konsep Money Follow Program dalam Perencanaan dan Penganggaran Kota Padang. Jurnal Akuntansi & Manajemen, Vol. 13 No. 1. https://doi.org/10.30630/jam.v13i1.28
Nurdin, Ismail, dkk. (2023). Efektivitas Penilaian Kinerja Pegawai Sektor Publik di Indonesia. Musamus Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 6, hlm. 500. https://doi.org/10.35724/mjpa.v6i1.5324
Octovina, Ribkha Annisa. (2018). Sistem Presidensial di Indonesia. CosmoGov: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, Vol. 4 No. 2, Oktober. https://doi.org/10.24198/cosmogov.v4i2.17065
Presidential Regulation No. 139 of 2024 concerning the Structuring of Duties and Functions of State Ministries in the Red and White Cabinet for the 2024–2029 Period (Peraturan Presiden Nomor 139 Tahun 2024 tentang Penataan Tugas dan Fungsi Kementerian Negara Kabinet Merah Putih Periode Tahun 2024–2029)
Presidential Regulation No. 55 of 2020 concerning the Cabinet Secretariat (Peraturan Presiden Nomor 55 Tahun 2020 tentang Sekretariat Kabinet)
Suhermawan, Siti Fildzah Nadhilah, dkk. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Tata Kelola TI terhadap Transformasi Digital dan Kinerja Kementerian. JIPI (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Informatika), Vol. 8 No. 2, Juni. https://doi.org/10.29100/jipi.v8i2.3433
Syah, Donny Oktavian. (2015). Studi Pengembangan Sistem Manajemen Indikator Kinerja Utama (IKU) pada Organisasi Pemerintah. Jurnal Lentera Bisnis, Vol. 4 No. 2, November.
Tashobya, Christine Kirunga, dkk. (2014). Health Systems Performance Assessment in Low-Income Countries: Learning from International Experiences. Globalization and Health. http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/10/1/5
Tiara Indah & Puji Hariyanti. (2018). Implementasi Kebijakan Keterbukaan Informasi Publik pada Dinas Kominfo Kota Tasikmalaya. Jurnal Komunikasi, Vol. 12 No. 2, April, hlm. 128.