Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose – This study aims to examine the effects of Islamic social finance, Islamic commercial finance, and the integration of Islamic social finance and Islamic commercial finance on poverty in Indonesia.
Methodology – Data in the form of time series from 2002 to 2021 were evaluated using the Error Correction Model (ECM) approach. This method describes both long and short-term effects of Islamic social finance, Islamic commercial finance, and integration of Islamic social finance and Islamic commercial finance on poverty.
Findings – The results show that Islamic social finance, Islamic commercial finance, and the integration between the two Islamic finance sectors have a significant negative effect on poverty rates in the long term. In the short term, the integration between Islamic social finance and Islamic commercial finance has a significant negative effect on the poverty rate, while Islamic social finance and Islamic commercial finance have a negative but not significant effect on the poverty rate.
Implication – This study recommends policymakers make rules regarding the implementation of collaborative efforts on institutions in the two Islamic finance sectors in the future.
Originality – Most of the studies that have been conducted have only focused on one sector of Islamic finance. In fact, the integration between Islamic social finance and Islamic commercial finance in Indonesia makes these two sectors of Islamic finance have the potential to reduce poverty higher than without integration.
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2022 Siswantoro Siswantoro
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References
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- Athoillah, M. A. (2018). The zakat effect on economic growth, unemployment, and poverty in the island of Java: Panel data analysis 2001-2012. Ekspansi: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan, Perbankan, Dan Akuntansi, 10(2), 205-230. https://doi.org/10.35313/ekspansi.v10i2.1211.
- Azman, S. M. (2016). Potential role of social impact bond and socially responsible investment sukuk as financial tools that can help address issues of poverty and socio-economic insecurity. Intellectual Discourse, 24, 143-364. https://journals.iium.edu.my/intdiscourse/index.php/id/article/view/924.
- BAZNAS. (2022). Indonesia zakat outlook 2002-2021. Puskas Baznas. https://puskasbaznas.com/publications/books/1418-outlook-zakat-indonesia-2021: National Zakat Amil Agency.
- Bouanani, M., & Belhadj, B. (2020). Does zakat reduce poverty? Evidence from Tunisia using the fuzzy approach. Metroeconomica, 71(4), 835-850. https://doi.org/10.1111/meca.12304.
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- Cambridge Global Islamic Finance Report. (2021). Global Islamic finance report 2021. Cambridge Global Islamic Finance Report. http://www.gifr.net/.
- Choiriyah, E. A., Kafi, A., Hikmah, I. F., & Indrawan, I. W. (2020). Zakat and poverty alleviation in Indonesia: A panel analysis at provincial level. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 6(4), 811-832. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v6i4.1122.
- Goulden, C., & D'Arcy, C. (2014). A definition of poverty. Joseph Rowntree Foundation. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.695.3141&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
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- Hagenaars, A. J. (2017). The definition and measurement of poverty. Routledge,. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315179193-5/definition-measurement-poverty-aldi-hagenaars.
- Hassan, O. M. (2015). The impact of the growth rate of the gross domestic product (GDP) on poverty reduction in Nigeria. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(3), 221-230. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC178636.
- Himmawan, M. F., & Firdausi, N. A. (2021). Projection of Indonesian Islamic commercial banks efficiency and stability in the COVID-19 period using DEA and panel ARDL. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, 7(1), 17-30. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol7.iss1.art2.
- Ho, S. Y., & Odhiambo, N. M. (2011). Finance and poverty reduction in China: An empirical investigation. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 10(8), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v10i8.5382.
- Iskandar, A., Possumah, B. T., Aqbar, K., & Yunta, A. H. (2021). Islamic philanthropy and poverty reduction in Indonesia: The role of integrated Islamic social and commercial finance institutions. AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial, 16(2), 274-301. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i2.5026.
- Jeanneney, S. G., & Kpodar, K. (2011). Financial development and poverty reduction: Can there be a benefit without a cost? The Journal of development studies, 47(1), 143-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2010.506918.
- Kuanova, L. A., Sagiyeva, R., & Shirazi, N. S. (2021). Islamic social finance: A literature review and future research directions. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 12(5), 707-728. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-11-2020-0356.
- Mayis, G., Tunzale, G., Gultekin, M., Nigar, T., & Yegana, A. (2021). Comparative analyze of the traditional and Islamic banking impacts on poverty. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, 18., 472-484. 10.37394/23207.2021.18.48.
- Nastiti, N. D., & Kasri, R. A. (2019). The role of banking regulation in the development of Islamic banking financing in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 12(5), 643-662. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-10-2018-0365.
- Nuriyah, A., & Fakhri, U. N. (2022). Designing of digital-based Islamic social finance model through role of mosque. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, 8 (1) 77-93. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol8.iss1.art6.
- OJK. (2022). Statistik perbankan syariah 2002-2021. Financial Services Authority. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-syariah/default.aspx.
- OJK. (2022). Statistik sukuk syariah 2002-2021. Financial Services Authority. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/data-produk-obligasi-syariah/Pages/-Statistik-Sukuk-Syariah---Juli-2021.aspx.
- Rewilak, J. (2017). The role of financial development in poverty reduction. Review of development finance, 7(2), 169-176. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-fa3732772.
- Rifa'i, A., Ayu, P., & Listiono. (2019). Encouraging Islamic financing to achieve SDGs through poverty alleviation. Journal of Islamic Finance, 8(2), 10-20. https://journals.iium.edu.my/iiibf-journal/index.php/jif/article/view/357.
- Sakinah, G., Kasri, R. A., & Nurkholis, N. (2022). Islamic finance and Indonesia's economy: An empirical analysis. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, 8(1), 47-59. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol8.iss1.art4.
- Samargandi, N., Fidrmuc, J., & Ghosh, S. (2015). Is the relationship between financial development and economic growth monotonic? Evidence from a sample of middle-income countries. World development, 68, 66-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.11.010.
- Shamim, A., Azeem, P., & Naqvi, S. M. (2014). Impact of foreign direct investment on poverty reduction in Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(10), 465. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.682.3522&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
- Siddique, M. A., Haq, M., & Rahim, M. (2020). The Impact of the Islamic banking industry on economic growth and poverty reduction in Pakistan. In Enhancing Financial Inclusion through Islamic Finance, 2), 259-279 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-39939-9_11.
- Sulaeman, S., Majid, R., & Widiastuti, T. (2021). Zakat and its impact on socio-economic welfare before COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. International Journal of Zakat, 6(2), 75-90. https://doi.org/10.37706/ijaz.v6i2.301.
- Tohirin, A., & Husaini, F. (2019). Does Islamic banking financing help the poor? Proceeding UII-ICABE, 41-50. https://journal.uii.ac.id/icabe/article/view/14693.
- Widodo, A. (2019). The role of integrated Islamic commercial and social finance in reducing income inequality in Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 5(2), 263-286. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v5i2.1063.
- Zafar, M., Sabir, S. A., Manzoor, S., Isran, M. A., & Kousar, S. (2021). An application of VECM to investigate the role of socio-economic factors in poverty: New evidence from Pakistan. Estudios de economía aplicada, 39(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/eea.v39i1.3797.
References
Abdelbaki, H. H. (2013). The impact of zakat on poverty and income inequality in Bahrain. Rev. Integr. Bus. Econ. Res, 2(1), 133-154. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2886874.
Anderson, E., d'Orey, M. A., Duvendack, M., & Esposito, L. (2018). Does government spending affect income poverty? A meta-regression analysis. World Development, 103, 60-71. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12173.
Athoillah, M. A. (2018). The zakat effect on economic growth, unemployment, and poverty in the island of Java: Panel data analysis 2001-2012. Ekspansi: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan, Perbankan, Dan Akuntansi, 10(2), 205-230. https://doi.org/10.35313/ekspansi.v10i2.1211.
Azman, S. M. (2016). Potential role of social impact bond and socially responsible investment sukuk as financial tools that can help address issues of poverty and socio-economic insecurity. Intellectual Discourse, 24, 143-364. https://journals.iium.edu.my/intdiscourse/index.php/id/article/view/924.
BAZNAS. (2022). Indonesia zakat outlook 2002-2021. Puskas Baznas. https://puskasbaznas.com/publications/books/1418-outlook-zakat-indonesia-2021: National Zakat Amil Agency.
Bouanani, M., & Belhadj, B. (2020). Does zakat reduce poverty? Evidence from Tunisia using the fuzzy approach. Metroeconomica, 71(4), 835-850. https://doi.org/10.1111/meca.12304.
BPS. (2022). Jumlah penduduk miskin menurut wilayah (juta jiwa) 2002-2021. Badan Pusat Statistik https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/23/183/1/jumlah-penduduk-miskin-menurut-wilayah.html
Cambridge Global Islamic Finance Report. (2021). Global Islamic finance report 2021. Cambridge Global Islamic Finance Report. http://www.gifr.net/.
Choiriyah, E. A., Kafi, A., Hikmah, I. F., & Indrawan, I. W. (2020). Zakat and poverty alleviation in Indonesia: A panel analysis at provincial level. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 6(4), 811-832. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v6i4.1122.
Goulden, C., & D'Arcy, C. (2014). A definition of poverty. Joseph Rowntree Foundation. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.695.3141&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Gujarati, D. N. (2011). Econometrics by example (Vol. 1). Palgrave Macmillan. http://readingebookz-jp.ezyro.com/08-mr-lonnie-rogahn-2/econometrics-by-example-ebook.pdf?i=1.
Hagenaars, A. J. (2017). The definition and measurement of poverty. Routledge,. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315179193-5/definition-measurement-poverty-aldi-hagenaars.
Hassan, O. M. (2015). The impact of the growth rate of the gross domestic product (GDP) on poverty reduction in Nigeria. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(3), 221-230. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC178636.
Himmawan, M. F., & Firdausi, N. A. (2021). Projection of Indonesian Islamic commercial banks efficiency and stability in the COVID-19 period using DEA and panel ARDL. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, 7(1), 17-30. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol7.iss1.art2.
Ho, S. Y., & Odhiambo, N. M. (2011). Finance and poverty reduction in China: An empirical investigation. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 10(8), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v10i8.5382.
Iskandar, A., Possumah, B. T., Aqbar, K., & Yunta, A. H. (2021). Islamic philanthropy and poverty reduction in Indonesia: The role of integrated Islamic social and commercial finance institutions. AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial, 16(2), 274-301. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i2.5026.
Jeanneney, S. G., & Kpodar, K. (2011). Financial development and poverty reduction: Can there be a benefit without a cost? The Journal of development studies, 47(1), 143-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2010.506918.
Kuanova, L. A., Sagiyeva, R., & Shirazi, N. S. (2021). Islamic social finance: A literature review and future research directions. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 12(5), 707-728. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-11-2020-0356.
Mayis, G., Tunzale, G., Gultekin, M., Nigar, T., & Yegana, A. (2021). Comparative analyze of the traditional and Islamic banking impacts on poverty. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, 18., 472-484. 10.37394/23207.2021.18.48.
Nastiti, N. D., & Kasri, R. A. (2019). The role of banking regulation in the development of Islamic banking financing in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 12(5), 643-662. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-10-2018-0365.
Nuriyah, A., & Fakhri, U. N. (2022). Designing of digital-based Islamic social finance model through role of mosque. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, 8 (1) 77-93. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol8.iss1.art6.
OJK. (2022). Statistik perbankan syariah 2002-2021. Financial Services Authority. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-syariah/default.aspx.
OJK. (2022). Statistik sukuk syariah 2002-2021. Financial Services Authority. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/data-produk-obligasi-syariah/Pages/-Statistik-Sukuk-Syariah---Juli-2021.aspx.
Rewilak, J. (2017). The role of financial development in poverty reduction. Review of development finance, 7(2), 169-176. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-fa3732772.
Rifa'i, A., Ayu, P., & Listiono. (2019). Encouraging Islamic financing to achieve SDGs through poverty alleviation. Journal of Islamic Finance, 8(2), 10-20. https://journals.iium.edu.my/iiibf-journal/index.php/jif/article/view/357.
Sakinah, G., Kasri, R. A., & Nurkholis, N. (2022). Islamic finance and Indonesia's economy: An empirical analysis. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, 8(1), 47-59. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol8.iss1.art4.
Samargandi, N., Fidrmuc, J., & Ghosh, S. (2015). Is the relationship between financial development and economic growth monotonic? Evidence from a sample of middle-income countries. World development, 68, 66-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.11.010.
Shamim, A., Azeem, P., & Naqvi, S. M. (2014). Impact of foreign direct investment on poverty reduction in Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(10), 465. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.682.3522&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Siddique, M. A., Haq, M., & Rahim, M. (2020). The Impact of the Islamic banking industry on economic growth and poverty reduction in Pakistan. In Enhancing Financial Inclusion through Islamic Finance, 2), 259-279 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-39939-9_11.
Sulaeman, S., Majid, R., & Widiastuti, T. (2021). Zakat and its impact on socio-economic welfare before COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. International Journal of Zakat, 6(2), 75-90. https://doi.org/10.37706/ijaz.v6i2.301.
Tohirin, A., & Husaini, F. (2019). Does Islamic banking financing help the poor? Proceeding UII-ICABE, 41-50. https://journal.uii.ac.id/icabe/article/view/14693.
Widodo, A. (2019). The role of integrated Islamic commercial and social finance in reducing income inequality in Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 5(2), 263-286. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v5i2.1063.
Zafar, M., Sabir, S. A., Manzoor, S., Isran, M. A., & Kousar, S. (2021). An application of VECM to investigate the role of socio-economic factors in poverty: New evidence from Pakistan. Estudios de economía aplicada, 39(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/eea.v39i1.3797.