Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose – This study examines the key factors driving profit-sharing financing growth in Indonesian Islamic banks and offers insights into post-Covid-19 recovery strategies.
Methodology – This study used the ECM and ARDL methods to analyze short-term adjustments and long-term dynamics in 35 Indonesian Islamic banks.
Findings – The results indicate that money supply, liquidity ratio, and financial profitability drive both short- and long-term growth in profit-sharing financing. Conversely, inflation and financial risk negatively affect the long-term expansion of such financing. Meanwhile, exchange rates, interest rates, and operational efficiency do not have a significant influence. Additionally, the findings highlight that long-term relationships in profit-sharing financing remain stable, with temporary short-term imbalances.
Implications – This study provides evidence for policymakers and Islamic bank management to develop strategies to enhance profit-sharing financing, support Islamic banking growth, and guide post-Covid-19 recovery policies. Insights highlight key areas for strengthening Islamic banking operations in Indonesia.
Originality – This study builds on previous research by applying the ECM and ARDL frameworks, providing a more comprehensive analysis of profit-sharing financing determinants in Indonesian Islamic banking.
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2025 Sandi Sandia, Ascarya Ascarya , Sulaeman Sulaeman

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References
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- Abusharbeh, M. (2020). Determinants of Islamic bank financing in the Middle East: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 17(4), 285–298. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(4).2020.25
- Afriadi, F., Pranoto, P., Kurniawaty, E., & Zamzami, R. M. (2024). Islamic rural bank mission drift: Equity financing vs debt-based financing. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 10(1), 41–56. https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol10.iss1.art4
- Al-Arif, M. N. R. (2011). Dasar-dasar ekonomi Islam. PT. Era Adicitra Intermedia.
- Albaity, M., Noman, A. H. M., Saadaoui Mallek, R., & Al-Shboul, M. (2022). Cyclicality of bank credit growth: Conventional vs Islamic banks in the GCC. Economic Systems, 46(1), Article 100884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2021.100884
- Boukhatem, J. (2022). How does financial risk affect sukuk market development? Empirical evidence from ARDL approach. Heliyon, 8(5), Article e09453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09453
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- Enders, W., & Granger, C. W. J. (2004). Econometric time series (2nd ed.). John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
- Engle, R. F., & Granger, C. W. J. (1987). Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing. Econometrica, 55(2), 251–276. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913236
- Fakhrunnas, F., Chowdhury, M. A. M., & Anto, M. H. (2023). The asymmetric impact of macroeconomic variables on Islamic bank home financing in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 9(2), 151–166. https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol9.iss2.art1
- Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2012). Dasar-dasar ekonometrika (Edisi ke-5, Jilid 2). Salemba Empat.
- Ibrahim, M. H., & Sufian, F. (2014). A structural VAR analysis of Islamic financing in Malaysia. Studies in Economics and Finance, 31(4), 371–386. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-05-2012-0060
- Imran, K., & Nishat, M. (2013). Determinants of bank credit in Pakistan: A supply side approach. Economic Modelling, 35, 384–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.07.022
- Indayani, S., & Hartono, B. (2020). Analisis pengangguran dan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagai akibat pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Perspektif, 18(2), 201–208. https://doi.org/10.31294/jp.v17i2
- Johansen, S. (1988). Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 12(2-3), 231–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1889(88)90041-3
- Johansen, S., & Juselius, K. (1990). Maximum likelihood estimation and inference on cointegration – with applications to the demand for money. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52(2), 169–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1990.mp52002003.x
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- Karim, B. A., & Majid, M. S. A. (2010). Does trade matter for stock market integration? Studies in Economics and Finance, 27(1), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/10867371011022975
- Lukiana, N. (2017). Determinan proporsi pembiayaan murabahah BPR Syariah. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Advantage, 3(1), 58–67. https://doi.org/10.30741/adv.v3i1.510
- Masudah. (2017). Determinan volume pembiayaan bank umum syariah Indonesia. IKONOMIKA: Journal of Islamic Economics and Business, 2(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.24042/febi.v2i1.943
- Mufraini, M. A., Wicaksono, A. T. S., Meylianingrum, K., & Ningtyas, M. N. (2020). Islamic bank financing: Finding the spatial effect and influencing factors from an archipelagic Indonesia. International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, 13(1), 72–84. https://www.inderscience.com/offer.php?id=106683
- Munawar, A, & Sulaeman. (2023). Determining the main factors of Islamic banks’ profitability in Indonesia: Does Covid-19 crisis play an important role? Asian Journal of Islamic Management, 4(2), 138–149.2 https://doi.org/10.20885/AJIM.vol4.iss2.art5
- Munawir, S. (2002). Analisa laporan keuangan. Liberty.
- Nahar, S., & Sarker, N. (2016). Are macroeconomic factors substantially influential for Islamic bank financing? cross-country evidence. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 18(6), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-1806012027
- Nastiti, N. D., & Kasri, R. A. (2019). The role of banking regulation in the development of Islamic banking financing in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 12(5), 643–662. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-10-2018-0365
- Ninglasari, S. Y., Sulaeman, S., Supriani, I., & Himmawan, M. F. (2023). Nexus between financial inclusion and Islamic financing distribution: Evidence from Indonesian MSMEs. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 9(2), 167–184. https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol9.iss2.art2
- Pesaran, M. H., & Shin, Y. (1999). An autoregressive distributed-lag modelling approach to cointegration analysis. Dalam S. Strøm (Ed.), Econometrics and economic theory in the 20th century (hlm. 371–413). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL521633230.011
- Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289–326. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.616
- Rifai, S. A., Susanti, H., & Setyaningrum, A. (2017). Analisis pengaruh kurs rupiah, laju inflasi, jumlah uang beredar dan pertumbuhan ekspor terhadap total pembiayaan perbankan syariah dengan dana pihak ketiga sebagai variabel moderating. Muqtasid: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah, 8(1), 13–27. https://doi.org/10.18326/muqtasid.v8i1.13-27
- Rivai, V. (2008). Islamic financial management. PT. Rajagrafindo Persada.
- Šeho, M., Bacha, O. I., & Smolo, E. (2020). The effects of interest rate on Islamic bank financing instruments: Cross-country evidence from dual-banking systems. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 62, Article 101292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101292
- Setyowati, N. (2019). Macroeconomic determinants of Islamic banking products in Indonesia. Economies, 7(2), Article 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies7020053
- Shrestha, M. B., & Bhatta, G. R. (2018). Selecting appropriate methodological framework for time series data analysis. The Journal of Finance and Data Science, 4(2), 71–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfds.2017.11.001
- Sulaeman, S., Zubaidah, S., & Nur’atikah, T. (2022). Optimization of cash waqf linked sukuk (CWLS) for supporting Indonesia’s economic recovery post-Covid-19 era. Review of Islamic Social Finance and Entrepreneurship, 1(2), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.20885/RISFE.vol1.iss2.art4
- Tangworachai, S., Wong, W. K., & Lo, F. Y. (2023). Determinants of water consumption in Thailand: Sustainable development of water resources. Studies in Economics and Finance, 40(5), 950–970. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-06-2022-0310
- Whidaningayu, E. (2018). Analisis pengaruh non performing financing dan financing to deposit ratio terhadap volume pembiayaan pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia dengan dana pihak ketiga sebagai variabel mediasi. Jurnal Riset Keuangan dan Akuntansi, 1(1), 14–28. https://doi.org/10.25134/jrka.v1i01.430
- Wuryandani, D. (2020). Dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia 2020 dan solusinya. Info Singkat, Kajian Singkat terhadap Isu Aktual dan Strategis, 12(15), 19-24. https://berkas.dpr.go.id/pusaka/files/info_singkat/Info%20Singkat-XII-15-I-P3DI-Agustus-2020-206.pdf
- Zulkhibri, M. (2018). The impact of monetary policy on Islamic bank financing: Bank-level evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 23(46), 306–322. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEFAS-01-2018-0011
References
Abror, A., & Hudayati, A. (2020). The effect of distributive justice on intention to pay zakat through zakat institutions using affective and cognitive trust as intervening variables. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 6(1), 24–33. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol6.iss1.art3
Abusharbeh, M. (2020). Determinants of Islamic bank financing in the Middle East: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 17(4), 285–298. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(4).2020.25
Afriadi, F., Pranoto, P., Kurniawaty, E., & Zamzami, R. M. (2024). Islamic rural bank mission drift: Equity financing vs debt-based financing. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 10(1), 41–56. https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol10.iss1.art4
Al-Arif, M. N. R. (2011). Dasar-dasar ekonomi Islam. PT. Era Adicitra Intermedia.
Albaity, M., Noman, A. H. M., Saadaoui Mallek, R., & Al-Shboul, M. (2022). Cyclicality of bank credit growth: Conventional vs Islamic banks in the GCC. Economic Systems, 46(1), Article 100884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2021.100884
Boukhatem, J. (2022). How does financial risk affect sukuk market development? Empirical evidence from ARDL approach. Heliyon, 8(5), Article e09453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09453
Dasih, K. (2019). Determinan penyaluran kredit di Indonesia pasca periode krisis keuangan global. (1–17). [Karya ilmiah tidak diterbitkan]. Universitas Mulawarman. https://www.unmul.ac.id/post/dosen-feb-unmul-sukses-raih-juara-1-di-lomba-karya-ilmiah-stabilitas-sistem-keuangan-bi-1572572421.html
Enders, W., & Granger, C. W. J. (2004). Econometric time series (2nd ed.). John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Engle, R. F., & Granger, C. W. J. (1987). Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing. Econometrica, 55(2), 251–276. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913236
Fakhrunnas, F., Chowdhury, M. A. M., & Anto, M. H. (2023). The asymmetric impact of macroeconomic variables on Islamic bank home financing in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 9(2), 151–166. https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol9.iss2.art1
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2012). Dasar-dasar ekonometrika (Edisi ke-5, Jilid 2). Salemba Empat.
Ibrahim, M. H., & Sufian, F. (2014). A structural VAR analysis of Islamic financing in Malaysia. Studies in Economics and Finance, 31(4), 371–386. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-05-2012-0060
Imran, K., & Nishat, M. (2013). Determinants of bank credit in Pakistan: A supply side approach. Economic Modelling, 35, 384–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.07.022
Indayani, S., & Hartono, B. (2020). Analisis pengangguran dan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagai akibat pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Perspektif, 18(2), 201–208. https://doi.org/10.31294/jp.v17i2
Johansen, S. (1988). Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 12(2-3), 231–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1889(88)90041-3
Johansen, S., & Juselius, K. (1990). Maximum likelihood estimation and inference on cointegration – with applications to the demand for money. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52(2), 169–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1990.mp52002003.x
Karim, B. A., Karim, Z. A., & Shukri, M. H. M. (2017). Determinants of Islamic bank financing in Malaysia: An empirical study using linear and nonlinear ARDL model. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 51(2), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.17576/jem-2017-5001-2
Karim, B. A., & Majid, M. S. A. (2010). Does trade matter for stock market integration? Studies in Economics and Finance, 27(1), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/10867371011022975
Lukiana, N. (2017). Determinan proporsi pembiayaan murabahah BPR Syariah. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Advantage, 3(1), 58–67. https://doi.org/10.30741/adv.v3i1.510
Masudah. (2017). Determinan volume pembiayaan bank umum syariah Indonesia. IKONOMIKA: Journal of Islamic Economics and Business, 2(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.24042/febi.v2i1.943
Mufraini, M. A., Wicaksono, A. T. S., Meylianingrum, K., & Ningtyas, M. N. (2020). Islamic bank financing: Finding the spatial effect and influencing factors from an archipelagic Indonesia. International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, 13(1), 72–84. https://www.inderscience.com/offer.php?id=106683
Munawar, A, & Sulaeman. (2023). Determining the main factors of Islamic banks’ profitability in Indonesia: Does Covid-19 crisis play an important role? Asian Journal of Islamic Management, 4(2), 138–149.2 https://doi.org/10.20885/AJIM.vol4.iss2.art5
Munawir, S. (2002). Analisa laporan keuangan. Liberty.
Nahar, S., & Sarker, N. (2016). Are macroeconomic factors substantially influential for Islamic bank financing? cross-country evidence. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 18(6), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-1806012027
Nastiti, N. D., & Kasri, R. A. (2019). The role of banking regulation in the development of Islamic banking financing in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 12(5), 643–662. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-10-2018-0365
Ninglasari, S. Y., Sulaeman, S., Supriani, I., & Himmawan, M. F. (2023). Nexus between financial inclusion and Islamic financing distribution: Evidence from Indonesian MSMEs. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 9(2), 167–184. https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol9.iss2.art2
Pesaran, M. H., & Shin, Y. (1999). An autoregressive distributed-lag modelling approach to cointegration analysis. Dalam S. Strøm (Ed.), Econometrics and economic theory in the 20th century (hlm. 371–413). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL521633230.011
Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289–326. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.616
Rifai, S. A., Susanti, H., & Setyaningrum, A. (2017). Analisis pengaruh kurs rupiah, laju inflasi, jumlah uang beredar dan pertumbuhan ekspor terhadap total pembiayaan perbankan syariah dengan dana pihak ketiga sebagai variabel moderating. Muqtasid: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah, 8(1), 13–27. https://doi.org/10.18326/muqtasid.v8i1.13-27
Rivai, V. (2008). Islamic financial management. PT. Rajagrafindo Persada.
Šeho, M., Bacha, O. I., & Smolo, E. (2020). The effects of interest rate on Islamic bank financing instruments: Cross-country evidence from dual-banking systems. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 62, Article 101292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101292
Setyowati, N. (2019). Macroeconomic determinants of Islamic banking products in Indonesia. Economies, 7(2), Article 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies7020053
Shrestha, M. B., & Bhatta, G. R. (2018). Selecting appropriate methodological framework for time series data analysis. The Journal of Finance and Data Science, 4(2), 71–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfds.2017.11.001
Sulaeman, S., Zubaidah, S., & Nur’atikah, T. (2022). Optimization of cash waqf linked sukuk (CWLS) for supporting Indonesia’s economic recovery post-Covid-19 era. Review of Islamic Social Finance and Entrepreneurship, 1(2), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.20885/RISFE.vol1.iss2.art4
Tangworachai, S., Wong, W. K., & Lo, F. Y. (2023). Determinants of water consumption in Thailand: Sustainable development of water resources. Studies in Economics and Finance, 40(5), 950–970. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-06-2022-0310
Whidaningayu, E. (2018). Analisis pengaruh non performing financing dan financing to deposit ratio terhadap volume pembiayaan pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia dengan dana pihak ketiga sebagai variabel mediasi. Jurnal Riset Keuangan dan Akuntansi, 1(1), 14–28. https://doi.org/10.25134/jrka.v1i01.430
Wuryandani, D. (2020). Dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia 2020 dan solusinya. Info Singkat, Kajian Singkat terhadap Isu Aktual dan Strategis, 12(15), 19-24. https://berkas.dpr.go.id/pusaka/files/info_singkat/Info%20Singkat-XII-15-I-P3DI-Agustus-2020-206.pdf
Zulkhibri, M. (2018). The impact of monetary policy on Islamic bank financing: Bank-level evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 23(46), 306–322. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEFAS-01-2018-0011