Article Sidebar

Submitted
March 25, 2023
Accepted
October 23, 2023
Published
October 31, 2023
Download
Full Text PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 252 Download : 573

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

Purpose ― This study examines the externalities of CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption on rice production in Pakistan using time series data from 1984 to 2021.
Methods ― The independent variables include CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption, cultivated area, agricultural equipment, tube wells, and improved seed, whereas the dependent variable is rice production. A robust analysis was done by altering the solid fuel CO2 emissions proxy. The empirical study used the vector error correction model and Johansen's cointegration test.
Findings ― Solid fuel CO2 emissions negatively and significantly impact rice production, implying that solid fuel CO2 emissions decrease rice production. Tube wells have a negative and significant influence on rice production. Conversely, cropped land, agricultural machinery, and improved seeds boosted rice production. The results remained robust even when the proxy for solid fuel CO2 emissions was changed.
Implications ― The study recommends developing regulations to limit solid fuel CO2 emissions to prevent environmental degradation and increase rice production. To boost rice production, more land should be farmed, agricultural machinery should be employed, and improved seeds should be used.
Originality ― This study is the first to examine the impact of CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption on rice production in Pakistan

Keywords

CO2 emissions rice production Pakistan Time-Series

Article Details

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Mansoor Mushtaq, Arshad Mahmood Malik, Gulnaz Hameed

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

Creative Commons License

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets by Center for Economic Studies, Universitas Islam Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Mushtaq, M., Malik, A. M., & Hameed, G. (2023). The externalities of solid fuel CO2 emissions on rice production: A time series analysis for Pakistan. Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 15(2), 212–225. https://doi.org/10.20885/ejem.vol15.iss2.art8
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Abbas, S. (2022). Climate change and major crop production: Evidence from Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 29(4), 5406–5414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16041-4
  2. Adzawla, W., Baumüller, H., Donkoh, S. A., & Serra, R. (2020). Effects of climate change and livelihood diversification on the gendered productivity gap in Northern Ghana. Climate and Development, 12(8), 743–755.
  3. Ahmad, S., Tariq, M., Hussain, T., Abbas, Q., Elham, H., Haider, I., & Li, X. (2020). Does Chinese FDI, climate change, and CO2 emissions stimulate agricultural productivity? An empirical evidence from Pakistan. In Sustainability (Vol. 12, Issue 18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187485
  4. Ahsan, F., Chandio, A. A., & Fang, W. (2020). Climate change impacts on cereal crops production in Pakistan. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 12(2), 257–269. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCCSM-04-2019-0020
  5. Akhtar, R., & Masud, M. M. (2022). Dynamic linkages between climatic variables and agriculture production in Malaysia: A generalized method of moments approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 29(27), 41557–41566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18210-x
  6. Appiah, K., Du, J., Musah, A. A. I., & Afriyie, S. (2017). Investigation of the relationship between economic growth and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions as economic structure changes: Evidence from Ghana. Resources and Environment, 7(6), 160–167. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.re.20170706.02
  7. Appiah, K., Du, J., & Poku, J. (2018). Causal relationship between agricultural production and carbon dioxide emissions in selected emerging economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 25(25), 24764–24777. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2523-z
  8. Arunrat, N., & Pumijumnong, N. (2015). The preliminary study of climate change impact on rice production and economic in Thailand. Asian Social Science, 11(15), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n15p275
  9. Asumadu-Sarkodie, S., & Owusu, P. A. (2016). The relationship between carbon dioxide and agriculture in Ghana: A comparison of VECM and ARDL model. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23(11), 10968–10982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6252-x
  10. Auffhammer, M., Ramanathan, V., & Vincent, J. R. (2006). Integrated model shows that atmospheric brown clouds and greenhouse gases have reduced rice harvests in India. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(52), 19668–19672. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0609584104
  11. Ayyildiz, M., & Erdal, G. (2021). The relationship between carbon dioxide emission and crop and livestock production indexes: A dynamic common correlated effects approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 28(1), 597–610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10409-8
  12. Ben Zaied, Y., & Ben Cheikh, N. (2015). Long-run versus short-run analysis of climate change impacts on agricultural crops. Environmental Modeling & Assessment, 20(3), 259–271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-014-9432-4
  13. Bhardwaj, M., Kumar, P., Kumar, S., Dagar, V., & Kumar, A. (2022). A district-level analysis for measuring the effects of climate change on production of agricultural crops, i.e., wheat and paddy: Evidence from India. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 29(21), 31861–31885. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17994-2
  14. Boansi, D. (2017). Effect of climatic and non-climatic factors on cassava yields in Togo: Agricultural policy implications. In Climate (Vol. 5, Issue 2, p. 28). https://doi.org/10.3390/cli5020028
  15. Boonwichai, S., Shrestha, S., Babel, M. S., Weesakul, S., & Datta, A. (2019). Evaluation of climate change impacts and adaptation strategies on rainfed rice production in Songkhram River Basin, Thailand. The Science of the Total Environment, 652, 189–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.201
  16. Chandio, A. A., Gokmenoglu, K. K., & Ahmad, F. (2021). Addressing the long- and short-run effects of climate change on major food crops production in Turkey. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(37), 51657–51673. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14358-8
  17. Chandio, A. A., Jiang, Y., Rauf, A., Ahmad, F., Amin, W., & Shehzad, K. (2020). Assessment of formal credit and climate change impact on agricultural production in Pakistan: A time series ARDL modeling approach. In Sustainability (Vol. 12, Issue 13, p. 5241). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135241
  18. Chandio, A. A., Jiang, Y., Rehman, A., & Dunya, R. (2018). The linkage between fertilizer consumption and rice production: Empirical evidence from Pakistan. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 3(3), 295–305. https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2018.3.295
  19. Chandio, A. A., Magsi, H., & Ozturk, I. (2020). Examining the effects of climate change on rice production: Case study of Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27(8), 7812–7822. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07486-9
  20. Dai, A., Zhao, T., & Chen, J. (2018). Climate change and drought: A precipitation and evaporation perspective. Current Climate Change Reports, 4(3), 301–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-018-0101-6
  21. Godfray, H. C. J., Beddington, J. R., Crute, I. R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J. F., Pretty, J., Robinson, S., Thomas, S. M., & Toulmin, C. (2010). Food security: The challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science, 327(5967), 812–818. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383
  22. Gul, A., Chandio, A. A., Siyal, S. A., Rehman, A., & Xiumin, W. (2022). How climate change is impacting the major yield crops of Pakistan? An exploration from long- and short-run estimation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 29(18), 26660–26674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17579-z
  23. Guntukula, R. (2020). Assessing the impact of climate change on Indian agriculture: Evidence from major crop yields. Journal of Public Affairs, 20(1), e2040. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2040
  24. Hatfield, J. L., & Prueger, J. H. (2015). Temperature extremes: Effect on plant growth and development. Weather and Climate Extremes, 10, 4–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2015.08.001
  25. Hussain, A. (2012). Impact of credit disbursement, area under cultivation, fertilizer consumption and water availability on rice production in Pakistan (1988–2010). Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 28(1), Art. 41963.
  26. Hussain, M., Liu, G., Yousaf, B., Ahmed, R., Uzma, F., Ali, M. U., Ullah, H., & Butt, A. R. (2018). Regional and sectoral assessment on climate-change in Pakistan: Social norms and indigenous perceptions on climate-change adaptation and mitigation in relation to global context. Journal of Cleaner Production, 200, 791–808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.272
  27. İpek Tunç, G., Türüt-Aşık, S., & Akbostancı, E. (2009). A decomposition analysis of CO2 emissions from energy use: Turkish case. Energy Policy, 37(11), 4689–4699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.06.019
  28. Isoard, S. (2011). Perspectives on adaptation to climate change in Europe. In J. Ford & L. Berrang-Ford (Eds.), Climate change adaptation in developed nations: From theory to practice (pp. 51–68). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0567-8_4
  29. Janjua, P. Z., Samad, G., & Khan, N. (2014). Climate change and wheat production in Pakistan: An autoregressive distributed lag approach. NJAS: Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 68(1), 13–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2013.11.002
  30. Javed, Z. H., Sadique, M., Farooq, M., & Shabir, M. (2017). Agricultural productivity, carbon dioxide emission and nuclear energy consumption in Pakistan: An econometric analysis. SAUSSUREA, 7, 165–178.
  31. Joyo, M., Ram, N., & Magsi, H. (2018). Risk assessment of climate variability on rice productivity in sindh province of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Sciences, 34(1), 79–88.
  32. Khan, A. N., Ghauri, B. M., Jilani, R., & Rahman, S. (2011). Climate change: Emissions and sinks of greenhouse gases in Pakistan. Proceedings of the Symposium on Changing Environmental Pattern and Its Impact with Special Focus on Pakistan.
  33. Kofi Adom, P., Bekoe, W., Amuakwa-Mensah, F., Mensah, J. T., & Botchway, E. (2012). Carbon dioxide emissions, economic growth, industrial structure, and technical efficiency: Empirical evidence from Ghana, Senegal, and Morocco on the causal dynamics. Energy, 47(1), 314–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.09.025
  34. Kumar, P., Sahu, N. C., Kumar, S., & Ansari, M. A. (2021). Impact of climate change on cereal production: evidence from lower-middle-income countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 28(37), 51597–51611. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14373-9
  35. Magsi, H., & Sheikh, M. J. (2017). Seawater intrusion: land degradation and food insecurity among coastal communities of Sindh, Pakistan. In S. Bandyopadhyay, A. Torre, P. Casaca, & T. Dentinho (Eds.), Regional Cooperation in South Asia (pp. 209–223). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56747-1_12
  36. Mahato, A. (2014). Climate change and its impact on agriculture. , 4(4), 1-6. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(4), 1–6.
  37. Malhi, G. S., Kaur, M., & Kaushik, P. (2021). Impact of climate change on agriculture and its mitigation strategies: A review. In Sustainability (Vol. 13, Issue 3, p. 1318). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031318
  38. McAusland, C. (2010). Globalisation’s direct and indirect effects on the environment. In Globalisation, Transport and the Environment. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264072916-en
  39. Ntiamoah, E. B., Li, D., Appiah-Otoo, I., Twumasi, M. A., & Yeboah, E. N. (2022). Towards a sustainable food production: Modelling the impacts of climate change on maize and soybean production in Ghana. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 29(48), 72777–72796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20962-z
  40. Önder, M., Ceyhan, E., & Kahraman, A. (2011). Effects of agricultural practices on environment. International Conference on Biology, Environment and Chemistry IPCBEE, 24.
  41. Ozdemir, D. (2022). The impact of climate change on agricultural productivity in Asian countries: A heterogeneous panel data approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 29(6), 8205–8217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16291-2
  42. Özdoğan, M. (2011). Modeling the impacts of climate change on wheat yields in Northwestern Turkey. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 141(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.02.001
  43. Pickson, R. B., He, G., Ntiamoah, E. B., & Li, C. (2020). Cereal production in the presence of climate change in China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27(36), 45802–45813. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10430-x
  44. Praveen, B., & Sharma, P. (2019). A review of literature on climate change and its impacts on agriculture productivity. Journal of Public Affairs, 19(4), e1960. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.1960
  45. Qureshi, M. I., Awan, U., Arshad, Z., Rasli, A. Md., Zaman, K., & Khan, F. (2016). Dynamic linkages among energy consumption, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and agricultural production in Pakistan: Sustainable agriculture key to policy success. Natural Hazards, 84(1), 367–381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2423-9
  46. Rehman, A., Ma, H., Irfan, M., & Ahmad, M. (2020). Does carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and GHG emissions influence the agriculture? Evidence from China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27(23), 28768–28779. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08912-z
  47. Sarkar, Md. S. K., Sadeka, S., Sikdar, M., & . B. (2015). Energy consumption and CO2 emission in Bangladesh: Trends and policy implications. Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment, 2(6), 175–182. https://doi.org/10.18034/apjee.v5i1.249
  48. She, W., Wu, Y., Huang, H., Chen, Z., Cui, G., Zheng, H., Guan, C., & Chen, F. (2017). Integrative analysis of carbon structure and carbon sink function for major crop production in China’s typical agriculture regions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, 702–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.108
  49. Shrestha, S., Chapagain, R., & Babel, M. S. (2017). Quantifying the impact of climate change on crop yield and water footprint of rice in the Nam Oon Irrigation Project, Thailand. The Science of the Total Environment, 599–600, 689–699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.028
  50. Tesfahunegn, G. B., & Gebru, T. A. (2021). Climate change effects on agricultural production: Insights for adaptation strategy from the context of smallholder farmers in Dura catchment, northern Ethiopia. GeoJournal, 86(1), 417–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-019-10077-3
  51. Tripathi, A., Tripathi, D. K., Chauhan, D. K., Kumar, N., & Singh, G. S. (2016). Paradigms of climate change impacts on some major food sources of the world: A review on current knowledge and future prospects. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 216, 356–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.034
  52. Vaghefi, N., Shamsudin, M. N., Radam, A., & Rahim, K. A. (2016). Impact of climate change on food security in Malaysia: Economic and policy adjustments for rice industry. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences, 13(1), 19–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/1943815X.2015.1112292
  53. Vanli, Ö., Ustundag, B. B., Ahmad, I., Hernandez-Ochoa, I. M., & Hoogenboom, G. (2019). Using crop modeling to evaluate the impacts of climate change on wheat in Southeastern Turkey. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 26(28), 29397–29408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06061-6
  54. Waheed, R., Chang, D., Sarwar, S., & Chen, W. (2018). Forest, agriculture, renewable energy, and CO2 emission. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 4231–4238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.287
  55. Wang, C.-J., Wang, R., Yu, C.-M., Dang, X.-P., Sun, W.-G., Li, Q.-F., Wang, X.-T., & Wan, J.-Z. (2021). Risk assessment of insect pest expansion in alpine ecosystems under climate change. Pest Management Science, 77(7), 3165–3178. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6354
  56. Wang, J., Vanga, S. K., Saxena, R., Orsat, V., & Raghavan, V. (2018). Effect of climate change on the yield of cereal crops: A review. In Climate (Vol. 6, Issue 2, p. 41). https://doi.org/10.3390/cli6020041
  57. Yang, X., Chen, F., Lin, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, H., Zhao, J., Li, K., Ye, Q., Li, Y., Lv, S., Yang, P., Wu, W., Li, Z., Lal, R., & Tang, H. (2015). Potential benefits of climate change for crop productivity in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 208, 76–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.04.024
  58. Zhai, S., Song, G., Qin, Y., Ye, X., & Lee, J. (2017). Modeling the impacts of climate change and technical progress on the wheat yield in inland China: An autoregressive distributed lag approach. PloS One, 12(9), e0184474. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184474
  59. Zhang, H., Chandio, A. A., Yang, F., Tang, Y., Ankrah Twumasi, M., & Sargani, G. R. (2022). Modeling the impact of climatological factors and technological revolution on soybean yield: Evidence from 13-major provinces of China. In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 19, Issue 9, p. 5708). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095708
No Related Submission Found