Prophetic Law Review

Law, Property, and the Individual: A Critical Reassessment

Nguyen Anh Quoc, Nguyen Van Y — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the relationship between law, property rights, and the individual in modern society, with a focus on the tension between individual freedom and power, as well as the monetary and social normative mechanisms that shape these relationships. The goal of the study is to clarify how legal and property institutions both protect and limit individual freedom, and to show the corrupting consequences of individuals being made the means of these systems. The method used is qualitative, combining analysis and synthesis, comparison, and the method of reversing pairs of categories (subject–product, means–purpose, inevitability–freedom). This subject becomes a product, a means to an end, and, to that extent, ultimately free. The research demonstrates that a person can be explained not only as a subject, independent of property, but also as a product of power, norms, and money; and that the current law, which regulates property relations, does not yet address the root of social inequality. The significance of this research is to propose repositioning the theoretical foundations of the law, making them more closely linked to the truth of personal life and social responsibility, thereby opening up a new approach to legal science and interdisciplinary research on freedom, fairness, and human dignity.

Indonesia’s Diplomacy Jihad for Palestine at the United Nations Post-October 2023: A Critical Examination

Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Historical ties between Indonesia and Palestine underpin Indonesia's steadfast commitment to supporting Palestine's right to independence. The Al-Aqsa Flood incident on October 7, 2023, followed by Israel’s massive invasion of Palestine, escalated the conflict in Palestine exponentially. This conflict has drawn the attention of the world, including Indonesia, to drastically intensify its diplomacy in supporting Palestine’s independence. Indonesia has undertaken a "Diplomacy Jihad" by actively defending Palestinian rights through various United Nations forums such as the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC), and others. This normative-empirical research critically evaluates the effectiveness of Indonesia’s diplomatic efforts and the obstacles it faces in advocating for Palestinian independence within the UN framework post-October 7, 2023. Our hypothesis is that Indonesia's diplomacy at the UN generally represents an effective form of advocacy in this "Diplomacy Jihad," although critical challenges hinder the potential for an even stronger performance, a trend that is worsening in 2026.

Hardship Clauses in Business Contracts from the Perspective of Prophetic Law

Junaidi Arif, Nandang Sutrisno, Dodik Setiawan Nur Heriyanto — Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The concept of hardship clauses is not explicitly recognized in the Civil Code. In practice, Indonesian courts rely on force majeure and good faith (Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Civil Code). Nevertheless, the development of hardship clauses in business contracts play an important role in providing flexibility and fairness to the parties involved when facing significant and unexpected changes in circumstances. The emergence of hardship clauses is driven by the dynamics of global business contracts and their continued development, which require a breakthrough system based on humanitarian values, without being constricted to legal positivism. From a prophetic legal perspective, the principles of justice (al-'adl), public welfare (maslahah), and protection of the rights of the weaker party serve as key elements in the drafting and implementation of such clauses. This article examines hardship clauses in the context of Indonesian law using a normative and conceptual approach based on prophetic values. The results of the study show that regulations regarding hardship clauses are not regulated in contract law in Indonesia.that should exist in accordance with prophetic legal values: humanization, liberation, and transcendence. On the other hand, hardship clauses, when viewed from an prophetic law perspective, demonstrate harmony, indicating that business relationships are not solely concerned with muamalah (transactional transactions) but aim to achieve the essence of divine values. This study recommends responsive regulatory reforms in the form of hardship clauses to ensure a balanced distribution of rights and obligations among parties in business contracts. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating prophetic values into contract law to create a more humane, responsive, and just legal system.