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Abstract
Industri elektroplating skala kecil dan menengah di Kecamatan Banguntapan, Bantul, Daerah Istimeya Yogyakarta (DIY) belum melakukan pengelolaan air limbah. Hal ini disebabkan karena tidak ada instalasi untuk mengolah air limbah sehingga air limbah dibuang langsung ke tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alternatif teknologi pengolahan menggunakan metode skoring dari 3 alternatif teknologi dan merencanakan instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) industri elektroplating. Teknologi terpilih adalah elektrokoagulasi yang diikuti dengan pengolahan sedimentasi dan filtrasi. Berdasarkan debit air limbah sebesar 638 L/hari, direncanakan IPAL dengan total luasan adalah 3,67 m x 1,9 m. Elektroda yang digunakan adalah anoda Fe dan katoda Al berukuran 40x20x0,3 cm3, berjumlah masing-masing 5 plat dan berjarak 3 cm. Besarnya arus dan tegangan dipilih sebesar 2,5 A dan 12 Volt dengan arus searah (DC). Waktu detensi sedimentasi adalah 6 jam dan media filter yang digunakan adalah pasir silika, karbon aktif dan mangan zeolit. Efluen air yang diolah dapat dikategorikan sebagai air kelas 2 menurut Peraturan Gubernur (Pergub) DIY 20/2008. Biaya yang diperlukan untuk membangun IPAL adalah Rp 8.613.750,00 dan biaya operasional adalah Rp 136.187,60 per 638 L air limbah. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan referensi dalam perencanaan pengelolaan air limbah industri elektroplating.
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References
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References
Abdel, O. E., Reiad, N. A., & Elshafei, M. M. (2011). A study of the removal characteristics of heavy metals from wastewater by low-cost adsorbents. Journal of Advanced Research, Vol. 2, No. 4, 297–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2011.01.008
Assiddieq, M., Darmayani, S., & Kudonowarso, W. (2017). The Use of Silica Sand, Zeolite and Active charcoal to Reduce BOD, COD and TSS of Laundry Waste Water. Biology Education, Vol. 3. No. 3, 202–207.
Bouguerra, W., Barhoumi, A., Brahmi, K., Ibrahim, N., Aloui, L., & Hamrouni, B. (2015). Desalination and Water Treatment Optimization of the electrocoagulation process for the removal of lead from water using aluminium as electrode material. Desalination and Water Treatment, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1015308
Chou, W., Wang, C., Chang, W., & Chang, S. (2010). Adsorption treatment of oxide chemical mechanical polishing wastewater from a semiconductor manufacturing plant by electrocoagulation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 180, No. 1–3, 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.04.017
Dermentzis, K., Christoforidis, A., Valsamidou, E., Lazaridou, A., & Kokkinos, N. (2011). Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Electroplating Wastewater by Electrocoagulation with Iron Electrodes, Vol. 13, No. 4, 412–418.
Dursun, S., & Pala, A. (2007). Lead pollution removal from water using a natural zeolite. Environmental Application & Science, Vol. 2, No. 1 & 2, 11–19.
Jauharoh, Anisah Hasna. (2019). “Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) pada Industri Elektroplating (Studi Kasus Kegiatan Elektroplating X) di Yogyakarta”. Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan. Universitas Islam Indonesia: Sleman.
Kempton, S., Sterritt, R. M., & Lester, J. N. (1987). Heavy Metal removal In Primary Sedimentation I. The Influence of Metal Solubility. The Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 63, 231–246.
Masduqi, Ali & Assomadi, Abdu F. 2012. Operasi & Proses Pengolahan Air. Surabaya: ITS Press.
Nkwonta, O. I., & Ochieng, G. M. (2010). Total Dissolved Solids Removal in Wastewater Using Roughing Filters Total Dissolved Solids Removal in Wastewater Using Roughing Filters. Chemical Sciences. https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000004
Nurhasni, Salimin, Z., & Nurifitriyani, I. (2013). Pengolahan Limbah Industri Elektroplating Dengan Proses Koagulasi Flokulasi. Indonesia. Telp. Pusat Teknologi Pengolahan Limbah Radioaktif BATAN, Vol. 3, No. 2021, 41–4762.
Phalakornkule, C., Worachai, W., & Satitayut, T. (2010). Characteristics of Suspended Solids Removal by Electrocoagulation. Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 5, 293–299.
Pociecha, M., & Lestan, D. (2010). Using electrocoagulation for metal and chelant separation from washing solution after EDTA leaching of Pb , Zn and Cd contaminated soil. Hazardous Materials, Vol. 174, 670–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.103
Saleem, M., Bukhari, A. A., & Akram, M. N. (2011). Electrocoagulation for the treatment of Wastewater for reuse in irrigation and plantation. Basic and Applied Science, Vol. 7, No. 1, 11–20.
Simangunsong, N. A. (2003). Kesehatan Lingkungan Kerja Home Industri Tembaga Kota Gedhe, Vol. 10, No. 24.
Smoczynskia, L., Kalinowskia, S., Ratnaweerab, H., Kosobuckaa, M., Trifescua, M., & Pieczulis-Smoczynska, K. (2017). Electrocoagulation of municipal wastewater - a pilot-scale test. Desalination and Water Treatment, 72 : 162–168.
Soemantojo, R. W., & Wulan, P. P. D. K. (2002). Presipitasi Bertahap Logam Berat Limbah Cair Industri Pelapisan Logam Menggunakan Larutan Kaustik Soda. UI-Press, 7863516, 1–7.
Song, Z., Williams, C. J. M., & Edyvean, R. G. J. (2000). Technical Note Sedimentation of Tannery Wastewater, Vol. 34, No. 7, 2171–2176.
Vasudevan, S., & Lakshmi, J. (2012). Effect of alternating and direct current in an electrocoagulation process on the removal of cadmium from water. Water Science & Technology, Vol. 65, No. 2, 353–360. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.859
Yudo, S., & Said, N. I. (2005). Pengolahan Air Limbah Industri Kecil Pelapisan Logam, Vol. 1, No. 1, 70–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-011-0700-9
Yulianti, P. C. (2012). Desain unit Prasedimentasi Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum, No. 1, 1–22.