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Abstract
Oyo watershed, which mainly consists of rural area with 517,352 inhabitants and 0.65%/annum population growth, is one of degraded watersheds in Indonesia. Although the local government has formulated various watershed developments, the agriculture productivity of this area is still low. Water resources are the main factor that influences the low carrying capacity of its agriculture sector. Its abundant water availability (225,278,277 m3/year) indicates the potential water carrying capacity. With the annual rainfall of 1,858 mm and the low water demand (25,095,223 m3/year), it has a potential water surplus of 200,183,054 m3/year. In reality, due to the low rainwater harvesting, the carrying capacity is also low, indicated by the value of 0.67 with the population pressure of 1.49. This causes a revenue deficit for farmers who earn Rp 160,017.36 million/year while the normal living cost is Rp 2,483,289.60 million. This indicates the low optimality of water resources management. Therefore, the main target of Oyo Watershed management program is to use the available rainwater optimally to guarantee the stability of water availability in dry seasons.
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