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Abstract
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keadaan determinasi diri siswa di sekolah inklusi, faktor yang memengaruhinya, dan strategi untuk meningkatkan determinasi diri siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah tinjauan sistematis. Pencarian dilakukan pada enam basis data elektronik, yaitu ProQuest, SAGE Journals, SpringerLink, ERIC, Emerald, dan ScienceDirect. Kriteria pencarian literatur adalah artikel jurnal berbahasa Inggris yang telah berstatus peer-reviewed dan diterbitkan sejak 2009 yang dapat diunduh dalam versi lengkap, serta memberikan informasi yang relevan mengenai kondisi determinasi diri siswa di sekolah inklusi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah keadaan determinasi diri siswa memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan antara siswa berkebutuhan khusus dan siswa tanpa kebutuhan khusus di sekolah inklusi. Faktor yang memengaruhi determinasi diri siswa adalah guru, keluarga, sekolah, dan hubungan sosial di sekolah. Determinasi diri secara signifikan dapat memprediksi kualitas hidup siswa. Strategi yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan determinasi diri siswa dapat digolongkan menjadi tiga, yaitu dari sisi akademik atau memodifikasi strategi belajar, dari sisi sekolah inklusi untuk memperkaya peluang, dan membangun hubungan sosial di sekolah.
Kata kunci: determinasi diri, berkebutuhan khusus, pendidikan khusus, sekolah inklusi
Self-Determination of Special Needs’ Students in Inclusive School: A Systematic Review
Abstract. This study aimed at identifying the state of students’ self-determination in inclusive schools, the factors that influenced them and the strategies to increase their self-determination. This is a systematic review research. The literature searches were conducted on six electronic basis data, namely ProQuest, SAGE Journals, Springer Link, ERIC, Emerald, and ScienceDirect. Literature search criteria were peer-reviewed English-language journal articles published in 2009 that can be downloaded in full version, and provide relevant information about the conditions of student self-determination in an inclusive school. The findings show that the state of students’ self-determination significantly different between students with special needs and students without special needs in inclusive schools. The influencing factors to the student self-determination are teacher, family, school, and social relations in school. Self-determination can significantly predict students’ quality of life. The strategy was then designed to increase student self-determination could be classified into three, namely from the academic side or modifying learning strategies, from the side of inclusive schools to enrich opportunities, and building social relationships in schools.
Keywords: inclusive school, self determination, special education, special needs
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