Digital Leadership, Organizational Learning, and Patient Safety in South Sumatra Type C Hospitals

Budiman Bahrin; Baharudin Bahrin; Syarifudin Bahrin; Septi Ardianty Sumardi; Mohd Nasir  Selamat; Rogis Baker

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Abstract

Patient safety is an important component in healthcare, but its implementation in type C hospitals still faces substantial problems due to resources and equipment that do not meet standards. This study aims to analyze the role of digital leadership on patient safety thru the mediation of organizational learning in the context of Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS). This study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained from 597 healthcare professionals in 24 type C hospitals in South Sumatra using a standardized questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the direct and indirect associations between variables. The research findings indicate that digital leadership has a substantial positive association with patient safety (β=0.265; p<0.01) and organizational learning (β=0.519; p<0.001). Organizational learning has a significant relationship with patient safety (β=0.608; p<0.001) and plays a major role as a mediator. The indirect contribution of digital leadership thru organizational learning has proven to be broader than its direct contribution. Digital leadership not only serves as the adoption of technology but also as a facilitator of systemic changes that enhance collective learning and organizational resilience. Type C hospitals need to adopt digital leadership as a strategic effort that combines technological, psychological, and cultural variables to build a sustainable safety culture.

Keywords

Complex Adaptive Systems Digital Leadership Organizational Learning Patient Safety Type C Hospitals

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Author Biographies

Budiman Bahrin, Department of Psychology, Islamic Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah, Palembang, Indonesia

Dr. Budiman is a lecturer and expert in Industrial and Organizational Psychology, specializing in leadership psychology and leadership development. Since 2007, he has been actively involved in research and community service at both national and international levels. His primary research interests include leadership dynamics, leader competency development, transformational leadership styles, and the impact of leadership on organizational performance and employee well-being. Dr. Budiman is committed to advancing leadership practices grounded in psychological science and sustainability.

Baharudin Bahrin, Finance Management, Politeknik Akamigas, Palembang

Dr. Baharudin, S.Kep., M.Km is a lecture an expert in human resource management practitioner with over 2010 years of experience in organizational development, recruitment, training and employee development, as well as performance management. He is currently engaged in implementing strategic and data-driven HR practices to enhance organizational effectiveness. His professional interests include workplace culture development, leadership, and employee well-being. Baharudin is committed to contributing to the advancement of HR practices through both practical application and scholarly research.

Syarifudin Bahrin, Bappeda Dan Litbang Kabupaten Banyuasin, Banyuasin

Syarifudin, S.Si., M.Si is a planning practitioner with over 2007 years of experience in development planning, program management, and policy analysis. He has been actively involved in formulating strategic plans, as well as monitoring and evaluating organizational and regional development performance. His professional interests include good governance, participatory planning, and sustainable development. Syarifudin is committed to contributing to the advancement of effective, responsive, and evidence-based planning systems.

Septi Ardianty Sumardi, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ahmad Dahlan University, Palembang

Septi Ardianty, S.Kep., Ners., M.Kep is a lecturer and practitioner in Community Nursing with over 2009 years of experience in nursing education, public health services, and community-based health program development. She is actively engaged in research and community service, with professional interests focusing on health promotion, community empowerment, and family nursing care. Committed to improving community well-being, she advocates for educational, collaborative, and sustainable approaches in community health practice.

Mohd Nasir Selamat, Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia

Dr. Mohd Nasir Selamat is a lecturer and expert in Human Resource Management and Development at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). With extensive experience in academia, research, and organizational consulting, his scholarly and professional work focuses on strategic human resource management, talent development, leadership, organizational behavior, and workforce sustainability. He has widely published research on HR practices, employee engagement, and organizational capacity building in both public and private sectors. Dr. Mohd Nasir is committed to advancing evidence-based HR practices and supporting the development of resilient, adaptive, and high-performance organizations.

Rogis Baker, Faculty of Defence Studies & Management, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional, Malaysia

Dr. Rogis Beker is a lecturer at the National Defence University of Malaysia and an expert in Human Resource Management. With extensive experience in academia and organizational consulting, his expertise focuses on strategic human resource development, performance management, organizational leadership, as well as workplace culture and ethics within defense and security institutions. He is actively involved in research and community engagement, and is committed to advancing effective, professional, and values-based human resource practices in the public and defense sectors.