Amaliyah INF. Ibn Khaldun’s Concept of Malakah and the Philosophy of Deep Learning: A Mindful, Meaningful, and Joyful Learning Perspective. el-Tarbawi [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 15 [cited 2025 Dec. 18];18(2). Available from: https://journal.uii.ac.id/Tarbawi/article/view/44522