Main Article Content
Abstract
In the last two years, Indonesia has been ranked 4th in the Asia Pacific in terms of environmental preservation. Therefore, Indonesia must continue to improve the quality of the environment. This study aims to analyze the influence of GRDP, the number of firms, education, and the environmental budget on environmental quality in Indonesia. This study took cases in 34 provinces in Indonesia from 2016-2022. The analysis method used is the panel data regression method. The estimation results show that the fixed effect method is the best. The regression results show that the GRDP, education, and environmental budget positively affect IKLH. At the same time, the number of firms does not affect the quality of the environment in Indonesia. The results show that education is dominant in influencing the quality of the environment in Indonesia. The implication is that education needs to be further improved, and education must be expanded to remote areas in Indonesia so that people can preserve and protect the environment.
Keywords
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
- Aminah, A., & Yusriyadi, Y. (2018). Implementasi Program Industri Hijau dalam rangka Kebijakan Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca. Bina Hukum Lingkungan, 3(1), 63–80. https://doi.org/10.24970/jbhl.v3n1.5
- Erawaty, R. (2011). Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan di Kawasan Industri Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomer 32 tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (Studi pada Kawasan Industri Kota Dumai). Risalah Hukum, 7(`), 54–70.
- Febriyanto, A. D., & Panjawa, J. L. (2024). Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions: Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis in Indonesia from 1990 to 2020. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 13(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.23960/jep.v13i1.1147
- Finanda, N., & Gunarto, T. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Pertumbuhan Penduduk, serta Tingkat Kemiskinan terhadap Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup. SOSAINS: Journal Sosial and Sains, 2(1), 193–202.
- Ghifary, H., Pramudywardani, F. D., Annisa, S. R., & Setiyawati, M. E. (2022). Studi Literatur Keterkaitan Pembangunan Ekonomi dengan Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 4(6), 4409–4414.
- Ginting, R. F., Prajanti, S. D. W., & Setyadharma, A. (2023). Determinan Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup dengan Pengujian Environmental Kuznet Curve. Business and Economic Analysis Journal, 3(1), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.15294/beaj.v3i1.41646
- Hidayati, A. Z., & Zakianis, Z. (2022). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup (IKLH) di Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019. Jurnal Medika Utama, 3(2), 2327–2340. http://jurnalmedikahutama.com
- Leonardo, D., Maulana, M., & Hartanto, J. (2023). Impact of Economic Growth and FDI on Indonesia Environmental Degradation: EKC and Pollution Hypothesis Testing. In Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan (Vol. 21, Issue 01).
- Luhung, S. U. A., & Yuniasih, A. F. (2023). Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia, 2017-2021. Peran Official Statistics Dan Data Sains Dalam Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan Nasional, 787–796.
- Noor, M. A., & Saputra, P. M. A. (2020). Emisi Karbon dan Produk Domestik Bruto: Investigasi Hipotesis Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) pada Negara Berpendapatan Menengah di Kawasan ASEAN. Jurnal Wilayah Dan Lingkungan, 8(3), 230–246. https://doi.org/10.14710/jwl.8.3.230-246
- Oğuztürk, B., & Özbay, F. (2022). The Relationship between Green Innovation, CO2 Emissions, Gross Domestic Product, and Renewable Energy Supply: A Panel Data Analysis for BRICS Countries and Turkey. Istanbul Business Research, 0(0), 0–0. https://doi.org/10.26650/ibr.2022.51.969130
- Özbay, F., & Duyar, I. (2022). Exploring the role of education on environmental quality and renewable energy: Do education levels really matter? Current Research in Environmental Sustainability, 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsust.2022.100185
- Prasetianto, A., & Kustiwan, I. (2023). Pengaruh Pembangunan Ekonomi-Sosial dan Desentralisasi Fiskal Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia. Bappenas Working Papers, 6(3), 274–298. https://doi.org/10.47266/bwp.v6i3.222
- Pujiati, A., Santosa, P. B., Sarunggu, J. J., & Susilo, A. M. (2013). The Determinants of Green and Non Green City: An Empirical Research in Indonesia. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 3(8), 83–94. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318284547
- Puspitasari, A., & Yuliawan, D. (2023). Pengaruh Aspek Ekonomi serta Peran Pemerintah terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan di Indonesia. BULLET: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 2(1), 239–246. https://journal.mediapublikasi.id/index.php/bullet
- Rahayuningrum, S. T. (2024). Analysis of the Existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis on CO2 Emission, Energy Consumption, and Economic Growth in Indonesia. Journal of Economics Research and Social Sciences, 8(1), 38–52. https://doi.org/10.18196/jerss.v8i1.19310
- Ramadhantie, S. S., Ramadhan, M. J., & Hasibuan, M. A. (2021). Pengaruh Indeks Pembanungan Manusia terhadap Indek Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia Menggunakan Regresi Data Panel. Ekologia : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar Dan Lingkungan Hidup, 21(1), 35–43. https://journal.unpak.ac.id/index.php/ekologia
- Wafiq, A. N., & Suryanto, S. (2021). The Impact of Population Density and Economic Growth on Environmental Quality: Study in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan, 22(2), 301–312. https://doi.org/10.18196/jesp.v22i2.10533
- Yao, Y., Ivanovski, K., Inekwe, J., & Smyth, R. (2020). Human capital and CO2 emissions in the long run. Energy Economics, 91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104907
- Yuda, M. A. P., & Idris, I. (2022). Analisis Kepadatan Penduduk, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Anggaran Lingkungan terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 4(2), 53–62. http://ejournal.unp.ac.id/students/index.php/epb/index
References
Aminah, A., & Yusriyadi, Y. (2018). Implementasi Program Industri Hijau dalam rangka Kebijakan Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca. Bina Hukum Lingkungan, 3(1), 63–80. https://doi.org/10.24970/jbhl.v3n1.5
Erawaty, R. (2011). Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan di Kawasan Industri Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomer 32 tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (Studi pada Kawasan Industri Kota Dumai). Risalah Hukum, 7(`), 54–70.
Febriyanto, A. D., & Panjawa, J. L. (2024). Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions: Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis in Indonesia from 1990 to 2020. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 13(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.23960/jep.v13i1.1147
Finanda, N., & Gunarto, T. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Pertumbuhan Penduduk, serta Tingkat Kemiskinan terhadap Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup. SOSAINS: Journal Sosial and Sains, 2(1), 193–202.
Ghifary, H., Pramudywardani, F. D., Annisa, S. R., & Setiyawati, M. E. (2022). Studi Literatur Keterkaitan Pembangunan Ekonomi dengan Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 4(6), 4409–4414.
Ginting, R. F., Prajanti, S. D. W., & Setyadharma, A. (2023). Determinan Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup dengan Pengujian Environmental Kuznet Curve. Business and Economic Analysis Journal, 3(1), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.15294/beaj.v3i1.41646
Hidayati, A. Z., & Zakianis, Z. (2022). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup (IKLH) di Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019. Jurnal Medika Utama, 3(2), 2327–2340. http://jurnalmedikahutama.com
Leonardo, D., Maulana, M., & Hartanto, J. (2023). Impact of Economic Growth and FDI on Indonesia Environmental Degradation: EKC and Pollution Hypothesis Testing. In Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan (Vol. 21, Issue 01).
Luhung, S. U. A., & Yuniasih, A. F. (2023). Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia, 2017-2021. Peran Official Statistics Dan Data Sains Dalam Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan Nasional, 787–796.
Noor, M. A., & Saputra, P. M. A. (2020). Emisi Karbon dan Produk Domestik Bruto: Investigasi Hipotesis Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) pada Negara Berpendapatan Menengah di Kawasan ASEAN. Jurnal Wilayah Dan Lingkungan, 8(3), 230–246. https://doi.org/10.14710/jwl.8.3.230-246
Oğuztürk, B., & Özbay, F. (2022). The Relationship between Green Innovation, CO2 Emissions, Gross Domestic Product, and Renewable Energy Supply: A Panel Data Analysis for BRICS Countries and Turkey. Istanbul Business Research, 0(0), 0–0. https://doi.org/10.26650/ibr.2022.51.969130
Özbay, F., & Duyar, I. (2022). Exploring the role of education on environmental quality and renewable energy: Do education levels really matter? Current Research in Environmental Sustainability, 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsust.2022.100185
Prasetianto, A., & Kustiwan, I. (2023). Pengaruh Pembangunan Ekonomi-Sosial dan Desentralisasi Fiskal Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia. Bappenas Working Papers, 6(3), 274–298. https://doi.org/10.47266/bwp.v6i3.222
Pujiati, A., Santosa, P. B., Sarunggu, J. J., & Susilo, A. M. (2013). The Determinants of Green and Non Green City: An Empirical Research in Indonesia. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 3(8), 83–94. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318284547
Puspitasari, A., & Yuliawan, D. (2023). Pengaruh Aspek Ekonomi serta Peran Pemerintah terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan di Indonesia. BULLET: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 2(1), 239–246. https://journal.mediapublikasi.id/index.php/bullet
Rahayuningrum, S. T. (2024). Analysis of the Existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis on CO2 Emission, Energy Consumption, and Economic Growth in Indonesia. Journal of Economics Research and Social Sciences, 8(1), 38–52. https://doi.org/10.18196/jerss.v8i1.19310
Ramadhantie, S. S., Ramadhan, M. J., & Hasibuan, M. A. (2021). Pengaruh Indeks Pembanungan Manusia terhadap Indek Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia Menggunakan Regresi Data Panel. Ekologia : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar Dan Lingkungan Hidup, 21(1), 35–43. https://journal.unpak.ac.id/index.php/ekologia
Wafiq, A. N., & Suryanto, S. (2021). The Impact of Population Density and Economic Growth on Environmental Quality: Study in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan, 22(2), 301–312. https://doi.org/10.18196/jesp.v22i2.10533
Yao, Y., Ivanovski, K., Inekwe, J., & Smyth, R. (2020). Human capital and CO2 emissions in the long run. Energy Economics, 91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104907
Yuda, M. A. P., & Idris, I. (2022). Analisis Kepadatan Penduduk, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Anggaran Lingkungan terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 4(2), 53–62. http://ejournal.unp.ac.id/students/index.php/epb/index