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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of financial performance, as represented by Return on Assets and Return on Equity, Financing to Deposit Ratio, Islamic Corporate Governance, and bank size, on Islamic Social Reporting disclosure (ISR) in Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia. This study employs a regression analysis of static panel data from eight Islamic commercial banks during the 2019-2023 period. The bank size has a significant positive influence on ISR. The FDR variable also showed a positive impact. In contrast, ROA, ROE, and ICG have not been shown to have a significant influence on ISR. These findings suggest that ISR disclosure is driven more by the visibility and availability of resources than by financial performance or formal governance alone. The implications of this study underscore the importance of regulators in promoting ISR transparency, particularly in large banks, as well as the need for Islamic banks to integrate ISR more strategically and comprehensively.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Yudhistira Ardana, Gustika Nurmalia

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References
- Al-Homaidi, E., Karrar, K. A., Ahmad, A., & Tabash, M. I. (2020). The extent of voluntary disclosure in the annual reports of Islamic banks: Empirical evidence from Yemen. Banks and Bank Systems, 15(1), 167–184. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(1).2020.16
- Al-Romaihi, M. A., & Kumar, M. (2025). Analysis of credit risk in the GCC banking sector: A dynamic panel data analysis. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-12-2024-0250
- Arman, M., Mehmet, A., Alija, A., & Yusuf, K. (2021). Higher Ethical Objective (Maqasid al-Shari’ah) Augmented Framework for Islamic Banks: Assessing Ethical Performance and Exploring Its Determinants: JBE. Journal of Business Ethics, 170(4), 797–834. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04331-4
- Ayimah, J. C., Achiyaale, R. A., Ahiamadzor, J. A., & Asabre, E. (2025). CAML as determinants for return on assets of Ghanaian banks: A bootstrap panel regression approach. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJEMS-09-2024-0499
- Ben Abdallah, M., & Bahloul, S. (2023). Further evidence on the effect of financial performance and governance on the Islamic banks’ disclosure. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 8(2), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJAR-09-2021-0156
- Deviani, R., & Kusuma, H. (2019). Apa determinan tingkat pengungkapan Islamic Social Reporting bank umum syariah Indonesia? Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Islam, 5(1), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol5.iss1.art5
- Elgattani, T., & Hussainey, K. (2021). The impact of AAOIFI governance disclosure on Islamic banks performance. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 19(3), 434–454. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-03-2020-0053
- Hanif, M. F., & Haron, R. (2022). Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility in Islamic Banks: A Systematic Literature Review. IIUM Law Journal, 30(Suppl.Supplement 2), 57–92.
- Hartanto, A., Nachrowi, N. D., Samputra, P. L., & Huda, N. (2024). A bibliometric analysis of Islamic banking sustainability: A study based on Scopus scientific database. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(9), 2245–2285. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2023-0123
- Hudayati, A., Muhamad, I., & Marfuah, M. (2023). The effect of board of directors and sharia supervisory board on zakat funds at Islamic banks in indonesia. Cogent Business & Management, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2231206
- Hussain, A., Khan, M., Rehman, A., Zada, S. S., Malik, S., Khattak, A., & Khan, H. (2021). Determinants of Islamic social reporting in Islamic banks of Pakistan. International Journal of Law and Management, 63(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-02-2020-0060
- Jihadi, M., Vilantika, E., Widagdo, B., Sholichah, F., & Bachtiar, Y. (2021). Islamic social reporting on value of the firm: Evidence from Indonesia Sharia Stock Index. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1920116
- Kachkar, O., & Yilmaz, M. K. (2023). How diverse are Shariah supervisory boards of Islamic banks? A global empirical survey. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 39(2), 312–341. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2021-0195
- Kautsar, R. S. (2023). What drives the level of social reporting disclosure at Islamic commercial banks? Banks and Bank Systems, 18(4), 61–73. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.18(4).2023.06
- Khansa, F. N., & Violita, E. S. (2021). The association between islamic bank perfomance and islamic social responsibility in supporting SDGs: The different between Indonesia and Malaysia. IOP Conference Series. Earth and Environmental Science, 716(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/716/1/012062
- Kuat, W. J., Agustina, L., Muliasari, I., & Armeliza, D. (2020). Islamic social reporting disclosure as a form of social responsibility of Islamic banks in Indonesia. Banks and Bank Systems, 15(2), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(2).2020.05
- Kusumasari, A. P. S., Aisjah, S., & Ratnawati, K. (2023). Islamic social reporting mediates the effect of profitability and leverage on firm value. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 12(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i3.2520
- Maulana, A., & Violita, E. S. (2021). Determinants of Islamic Social Responsibility Disclosure the Case of Islamic Bank: Cross Country Analysis. Ihtifaz, 4(1), 59–79. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijiefb.v4i1.2123
- Minaryanti, A. A., Fitrijanti, T., Sukmadilaga, C., & Mihajat, M. I. S. (2024). The role of Sharia governance in minimizing credit risk in Islamic banking: A systematic literature review. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-11-2022-0301
- Muhammad, B. Z., & Ahmad, A. S. (2018). Corporate social responsibility and Islamic banks: A systematic literature review. Management Review Quarterly, 1–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-018-0150-x
- Nugraheni, P. (2018). Sharia supervisory board and social performance of Indonesian Islamic banks. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Auditing Indonesia, 22(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol22.iss2.art6
- Nurkhin, A., Wahyudin, A., Mukhibad, H., Fachrurrozie, & Satsya, Y. B. (2019). The determinants of islamic governance disclosure: The case of indonesian islamic banks. Banks and Bank Systems, 14(4), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(4).2019.14
- Permatasari, D., & Tubastuvi, N. (2024). Determinant factors that impact Islamic social reporting: A study on Islamic Banking. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 13(5), 571–578. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.vl3i5.3595
- Puspitasari, N., Jururi, S., & Hidayat, S. E. (2023). Effects of Internal Finance, Islamic Governance annd Islamic Corporate Responsibility on Profitability: Evidence Of Islamic Banking In Indonesia. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(5), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i5.2102
- Radwan, E. K. A., Győri, Z., & Russo, A. (2025). Assessing the quantity and quality of corporate social responsibility disclosures on websites: An empirical analysis on largest Islamic and conventional banks worldwide. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 43(6), 1151–1194. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-01-2024-0046
- Sarea, A., & Salami, M. A. (2021). Does social reporting matter? Empirical evidence. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 29(4), 353–370. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-09-2020-0088
- Susbiyani, A., Halim, M., & Animah, A. (2023). Determinants of Islamic social reporting disclosure and its effect on firm’s value. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 14(3), 416–435. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-10-2021-0277
- Wijayanti, R., & Setiawan, D. (2022). Social Reporting by Islamic Banks: The Role of Sharia Supervisory Board and the Effect on Firm Performance. Sustainability, 14(17), 10965. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710965
References
Al-Homaidi, E., Karrar, K. A., Ahmad, A., & Tabash, M. I. (2020). The extent of voluntary disclosure in the annual reports of Islamic banks: Empirical evidence from Yemen. Banks and Bank Systems, 15(1), 167–184. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(1).2020.16
Al-Romaihi, M. A., & Kumar, M. (2025). Analysis of credit risk in the GCC banking sector: A dynamic panel data analysis. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-12-2024-0250
Arman, M., Mehmet, A., Alija, A., & Yusuf, K. (2021). Higher Ethical Objective (Maqasid al-Shari’ah) Augmented Framework for Islamic Banks: Assessing Ethical Performance and Exploring Its Determinants: JBE. Journal of Business Ethics, 170(4), 797–834. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04331-4
Ayimah, J. C., Achiyaale, R. A., Ahiamadzor, J. A., & Asabre, E. (2025). CAML as determinants for return on assets of Ghanaian banks: A bootstrap panel regression approach. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJEMS-09-2024-0499
Ben Abdallah, M., & Bahloul, S. (2023). Further evidence on the effect of financial performance and governance on the Islamic banks’ disclosure. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 8(2), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJAR-09-2021-0156
Deviani, R., & Kusuma, H. (2019). Apa determinan tingkat pengungkapan Islamic Social Reporting bank umum syariah Indonesia? Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Islam, 5(1), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.20885/jeki.vol5.iss1.art5
Elgattani, T., & Hussainey, K. (2021). The impact of AAOIFI governance disclosure on Islamic banks performance. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 19(3), 434–454. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-03-2020-0053
Hanif, M. F., & Haron, R. (2022). Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility in Islamic Banks: A Systematic Literature Review. IIUM Law Journal, 30(Suppl.Supplement 2), 57–92.
Hartanto, A., Nachrowi, N. D., Samputra, P. L., & Huda, N. (2024). A bibliometric analysis of Islamic banking sustainability: A study based on Scopus scientific database. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(9), 2245–2285. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2023-0123
Hudayati, A., Muhamad, I., & Marfuah, M. (2023). The effect of board of directors and sharia supervisory board on zakat funds at Islamic banks in indonesia. Cogent Business & Management, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2231206
Hussain, A., Khan, M., Rehman, A., Zada, S. S., Malik, S., Khattak, A., & Khan, H. (2021). Determinants of Islamic social reporting in Islamic banks of Pakistan. International Journal of Law and Management, 63(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-02-2020-0060
Jihadi, M., Vilantika, E., Widagdo, B., Sholichah, F., & Bachtiar, Y. (2021). Islamic social reporting on value of the firm: Evidence from Indonesia Sharia Stock Index. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1920116
Kachkar, O., & Yilmaz, M. K. (2023). How diverse are Shariah supervisory boards of Islamic banks? A global empirical survey. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 39(2), 312–341. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2021-0195
Kautsar, R. S. (2023). What drives the level of social reporting disclosure at Islamic commercial banks? Banks and Bank Systems, 18(4), 61–73. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.18(4).2023.06
Khansa, F. N., & Violita, E. S. (2021). The association between islamic bank perfomance and islamic social responsibility in supporting SDGs: The different between Indonesia and Malaysia. IOP Conference Series. Earth and Environmental Science, 716(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/716/1/012062
Kuat, W. J., Agustina, L., Muliasari, I., & Armeliza, D. (2020). Islamic social reporting disclosure as a form of social responsibility of Islamic banks in Indonesia. Banks and Bank Systems, 15(2), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(2).2020.05
Kusumasari, A. P. S., Aisjah, S., & Ratnawati, K. (2023). Islamic social reporting mediates the effect of profitability and leverage on firm value. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 12(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i3.2520
Maulana, A., & Violita, E. S. (2021). Determinants of Islamic Social Responsibility Disclosure the Case of Islamic Bank: Cross Country Analysis. Ihtifaz, 4(1), 59–79. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijiefb.v4i1.2123
Minaryanti, A. A., Fitrijanti, T., Sukmadilaga, C., & Mihajat, M. I. S. (2024). The role of Sharia governance in minimizing credit risk in Islamic banking: A systematic literature review. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-11-2022-0301
Muhammad, B. Z., & Ahmad, A. S. (2018). Corporate social responsibility and Islamic banks: A systematic literature review. Management Review Quarterly, 1–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-018-0150-x
Nugraheni, P. (2018). Sharia supervisory board and social performance of Indonesian Islamic banks. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Auditing Indonesia, 22(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol22.iss2.art6
Nurkhin, A., Wahyudin, A., Mukhibad, H., Fachrurrozie, & Satsya, Y. B. (2019). The determinants of islamic governance disclosure: The case of indonesian islamic banks. Banks and Bank Systems, 14(4), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(4).2019.14
Permatasari, D., & Tubastuvi, N. (2024). Determinant factors that impact Islamic social reporting: A study on Islamic Banking. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 13(5), 571–578. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.vl3i5.3595
Puspitasari, N., Jururi, S., & Hidayat, S. E. (2023). Effects of Internal Finance, Islamic Governance annd Islamic Corporate Responsibility on Profitability: Evidence Of Islamic Banking In Indonesia. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(5), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i5.2102
Radwan, E. K. A., Győri, Z., & Russo, A. (2025). Assessing the quantity and quality of corporate social responsibility disclosures on websites: An empirical analysis on largest Islamic and conventional banks worldwide. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 43(6), 1151–1194. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-01-2024-0046
Sarea, A., & Salami, M. A. (2021). Does social reporting matter? Empirical evidence. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 29(4), 353–370. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-09-2020-0088
Susbiyani, A., Halim, M., & Animah, A. (2023). Determinants of Islamic social reporting disclosure and its effect on firm’s value. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 14(3), 416–435. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-10-2021-0277
Wijayanti, R., & Setiawan, D. (2022). Social Reporting by Islamic Banks: The Role of Sharia Supervisory Board and the Effect on Firm Performance. Sustainability, 14(17), 10965. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710965