Evaluation of the Recreational Function at the Keren Mo'odu Park, Gorontalo City

The high mobility of urban life requires alternative places that are close for recreation. Keren Mo'odu Park is the right choice to be used as a recreational facility because of its location in the Gorontalo City area. Keren Mo'odu Park is one of the most visited Green Open Spaces in Gorontalo City, this raises several problems including the cleanliness of the park which is not maintained, damaged garden lights cause visitors to feel uncomfortable because the condition of the park is dark at night and is often used as a park dating place. This study uses a rationalistic paradigm with qualitative methods and qualitative descriptive analysis techniques, aiming to evaluate the function of Keren Mo'odu Park as a recreational facility. The results showed that the function of Keren Mo'odu Park as a recreation area had been running well and was in accordance with the standard of green open space functions.


Introduction
Development in urban areas continues to increase along with the increase in population and the community's need for urban facilities and infrastructure. The development of the city causes changes in the ecological conditions of the urban environment which results in a decrease in environmental quality. Therefore, green open space (RTH) is needed which will add to the beauty of the city and improve the quality and comfort of the urban environment. Urban social life will be better and healthier if there is sufficient, planned and organized green open space. This condition will provide healthy and positive mental growth for every age level. Children can play in the park safely, not on the road full of danger. Teenagers can exercise and grow with a healthy mind and body as well. City people can relax and restore freshness and fitness, generate creativity so that they can work passionately for the welfare of their families (Dollah et al., 2019).

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In addition, green open space also functions as a recreational facility that can provide a sense of security and comfort for its users by taking into account the criteria for providing it as an ideal public space (Imansari & Khadiyanta, 2015).
Gorontalo City is one of the developing districts/ cities in Gorontalo Province with various forms of green open space, one of which is Keren Mo'odu Park which serves as a support for all community activities.
As one of the efforts to provide green open space in Gorontalo City, Keren Mo'odu Park is a point of attraction and has a positive impact on the development of community activities. Some locations are often places for piles of garbage, pools that actually provide shade of the heart actually create an impression of disgust to look at because the color of the water is cloudy and starts to cause unpleasant odors, the pedestrians around the location of the Cool Mo'odu Park area have been converted into places. street vendors (PKL) selling so that it disturbs pedestrians who want to go to Keren Mo'odu Park and causes traffic jams, The arrangement of vegetation in the park area is irregular, the condition of the shade trees that grow large and dense causes the ground surface to rise so that began to damage the paving roads and garden dividing walls.
Based on the above, a research or study is needed on the recreational function in green open spaces at Keren Mo'odu Park, Gorontalo City.

Literature Review
Recreation is an activity that a person does other than work. Activities that are commonly carried out for recreation are tourism, sports, games, and hobbies. Recreational activities are generally carried out on weekends. Many experts give the view that recreational activities are activities to fill leisure time. However, recreational activities can also fulfill one of the meanings of "valuable use of leisure time". In this sense of recreation, activities are chosen by someone as a function of renewing physical and mental conditions, so recreation does not mean just wasting time or killing time. (Atoriq, 2021).
Basically people think that recreation should be physical, which means playing soccer, swimming or jogging in the morning, when in fact recreation includes more than all activities and the benefits far exceed not only for physical health. Types of recreational activities in open spaces consist of active activities and passive activities (Ratnafury & Rahmafitria, 2018). Activities included in this activity are recreation walking, sports, and playing (Nugraha & Suryantini, n.d.). Active activities are activities carried out by a person or group by moving places or actively moving in open spaces, including:

Sport
Sport is a necessity in most of everyday life because it can improve the fitness needed in carrying out activities (Miswari, 2015). exercise can be started from a young age to old age and can be done every day, just by moving the body for 10 minutes every day mental health will improve rapidly.
Sports activities in open spaces in the city center are a community need to maintain recreational health, not for achievement sports that have special places to practice, such as stadiums or sports buildings so that sports facilities in open spaces do not need to follow the standard.
The types of exercise that are commonly done in open space areas are jogging, gymnastics, and cycling. Jogging is a running activity that is generally carried out on a comfortable pavement with a size that is suitable for human needs. The width of the road area is between 1.5-2 meters so that it can still pass by other users. Generally it is done by adults, Gymnastics is a sport activity that requires a wider area in order to have the freedom to move generally done by adults, and cycling is an activity that carried out in an open area. Generally done by children, adolescents and adults.

Play
Play is one of the goals for children to come to open spaces because they have more freedom than at home. Children who are the next generation of the nation have child rights set by the United Nations. Some of these rights include the right to play, recreation, and participate in development (Hadny, 2019).
Play facilities are one of the attractions that are commonly used in outdoor areas to attract children to use them with bright colors such as red, yellow, blue and the placement of playing facilities is generally close together and mutually sustainable between one game and another. The base of the play area in the open space is sand, soil and grass.
While passive activities are activities that are carried out by a person or group in an open space without moving places such as sitting.
There are several things that are important to note in the problem of sitting in an open space, namely:

The place and location of people sitting
The availability of seats in an open space also has an impact on people's interest to visit (Agustin, 2018). Most people will sit where there is a place to sit, other than that there is food, fountains, tables, shadows from trees, but the simple and most important function in a public open space is seating.
The primary seat is a bench. Secondary seating is grass, stairs, wall seating. It is recommended that 50% of the public open space seating is secondary seating. In order to use the secondary seat, it must be 40 -75 cm high, and 40-45 cm wide. The priority of people will choose a wooden bench then stairs, plant dividers and soil. The 3 x 6 foot wooden bench is very suitable for individuals and groups can be used opposite or back to put goods and food.
Stairs and barriers were chosen because they are simpler. Stairs and barriers should form many curves and angles where people prefer to two lanes. A sitting table at lunch in an open space is very necessary with the table should be equipped with an umbrella/canopy to provide an intimate space for the user, protecting from the heat and rain leading to the view to the walk.

Sitting style and orientation
Seating patterns that are arranged linearly make it easier for visitors to view so that the literature on the selection and The placement of seats is very influential on the number of visitors to a place (Sari and Pramitasari, 2019). Variations in shape, size and arrangement of seating and reclining greatly affect people who will use the open space. Sitting orientation should allow people to look, pay attention to the direction of the wind and sun and their shadows for comfort. Seating groups provide more orientation and user variety.

Methodology
Evaluation of recreational functions in the Green Open Space of Keren Mo'odu Park Gorontalo City, uses a rationalistic paradigm with survey methods. The rationalistic paradigm views that reality is associated with existing theories associated with empirical data. This research approach is qualitative which produces descriptive type data from writing or expressions with observable behavior from humans. This qualitative research can be used to understand social activities and interactions, for example by observing the activities of green open space users Sampling was carried out using the Slovin formula. In this study, the total population (N) is the entire Gorontalo community as many as 1,171,681 people, the degree of accuracy taken is 10%, which shows the level of accuracy of the study is categorized as careful for a 90% confidence level.
the result of calculating the number of samples based on the slovin formula with a population of 1,171,681 people is 100 people. So the number of visitor samples needed to answer the Evaluation of Recreational Functions in the Green Open Space of the Cool Mo'odu Park, Gorontalo City is 100 people who are considered to be able to answer questions from researchers.

1.Geographical and Administrative Circumstances
Keren Mo'odu Park is located in Mo'odu Village, East City District, Gorontalo City. Gorontalo City has an area of 79.59 km or about 0.53% of the area of Gorontalo Province, geographically it is located between 00º 28 17" -00º 35´ 56" North Latitude and 122º 59´ 44" -123º 05´ 59" East Longitude with an altitude place 0-500 m above sea level. In general, the average air temperature in Gorontalo during the day is 32º c, while the average air temperature at night is 23º c. Air humidity is relatively high with an average of 79.9%.
The city of Gorontalo consists of 9 subdistricts, one of which is the East City District. Administratively, Kota Timur District is divided into 6 Kelurahan, one of which is Mo'odu Village. Mo'odu Village is a sub-district that has the widest area with an area of 1.99 km² or about 34.49 percent of the total area of Kota Timur District.

Keren Mo'odu Park Pysical Condition
Keren Mo'odu Park is one of the green open spaces in Gorontalo City, this park was built in 2015 with an area of 10,000 m². The location of the park is on Taman Bunga Street with the surrounding buildings consisting of various functions, namely traditional markets, residential houses, schools and campuses, mosques and offices. This park is rectangular in shape and has a characteristic in the form of a Polopalo building which is a traditional musical instrument of Gorontalo Province made of bamboo. Another characteristic of this park is that there is a pond located in the middle of the park so that it adds to the cool air around it.
Keren Mo'odu Park is functioned as a place to relax, play and exercise, which is designed in such a way with shady trees, concrete seats and a jogging track that surrounds the garden, which is basically made of hard material in the form of paving blocks. Keren Mo'odu Park can be accessed from two directions, namely through the main gate which is on the south side of Taman Bunga street and the second access is on the east side of the Park. There is 1 staircase for entrance to the park, namely on the south side, at the entrance to the park there is also a ramp that functions as an entrance for bicycles and people with disabilities. This park is equipped with a path that surrounds the park, so that visitors can walk around the park. Keren Mo'odu Park is equipped with site furniture as a complementary element that can make the garden area more beautiful, creating a better environment so that users feel more comfortable. Here are the types of garden furniture sites and their functions.

Recreational Function Evaluation
The function of the park as recreation includes the function of public services for the community to carry out active activities in it such as interacting, exercising.
Keren Mo'odu Park has an area of 1 ha and is located in Kota Timur District with a population of 26,396 people. Based on the standards issued in the Decree of the Minister of Public Works Number 22 of 1987 concerning the area of parks and sports fields for 30,000 residents, this facility is a minimum of 9,000 m² with a standard of 0.3 m²/resident in a green open space area. This means that the area of Keren Mo'odu Park already meets the ideal standard according to the needs of the City of Gorontalo.  Active recreation is a type of activity carried out by a person or group by moving or moving actively in open spaces. This activity is related to the community's need to move freely in the crowded city center and narrow land. Activities included in this activity include walking, sports and playing. The active recreational users at Keren Mo'odu Park are shown in Figure 5. The data in the diagram is taken based on the highest number of visitors, namely on Saturdays. Based on the data obtained through the results of the field survey, it was noted that the function of the keren mo'odu park as recreation has been utilized optimally, this is evidenced by the appearance of a green open space that supports all activities such as sports, playing, relaxing, waiting, communicating and sightseeing.
Visitors who come to Keren Mo'odu Park to take pictures have the highest percentage of 38 (35%), then to do sports activities, both cycling and jogging with a total of 35 (33%) and the lowest is playing activities with a total of 33 (31%) ) of a total of 106 visitors engaged in active. Keren Mo'odu Park which has an area of 1 ha where almost all parts of the park are used as a place Take pictures in the Polopalo building area which has an area of ± 10 m², a pool and gazebo area with an area of 170 m², a children's playground area of ± 100 m², and a flower plant area which has an area of 40 m². If you add up the area that is most often used for Calculated based on the number of visitors on Saturday there were 28 children who used the play facilities, so for one type of game 19 children used this, this caused the children to scramble to be able to play because of the lack of children's play facilities. The condition of the park area which is often used as a recreation area is described in Figure 7. Based on the results of the survey and distributed questionnaires, it was explained that in addition to active recreation, at Keren Mo'odu park passive recreation was also very popular, namely 51 (32%) of the total 157 visitors who were involved in active recreation and passive recreation. The reason for visitors to sit back and relax in the garden area is because Keren Mo'odu Park has a comfortable atmosphere and is close to their homes, schools/campuses, and offices where they are active so that they often take a rest while enjoying the culinary offerings sold around the park. The primary seat at Keren Mo'odu park is a gazebo with a concrete base. The gazebo is the main seat in Keren Mo'odu Park is not ideal because it is made of concrete and is not equipped with a backrest. Keren Mo'odu Park has an area of 1 ha and is located in Kota Timur District with a population of 26,396 people. This means that the area of Keren Mo'odu Park is ideal for fulfilling recreational activities.
The recreational function at Keren Mo'odu Park is maximized because every recreational activity is supported by park facilities such as sports areas, seats, and children's play areas.

Conclusion
Based on the results of the evaluation of the function of Green Open Space at Keren Mo'odu Park, Gorontalo City, there are several things that can be concluded, namely Keren Mo'odu Park functions as recreation because this park is used as a place for activities such as exercising, playing, and other recreational activities. To support this function, Keren Mo'odu Park is equipped with various garden facilities and is supported by elements of vegetation and garden ornaments. Cool Mo'odu Park has an ideal area and is provided with several facilities such as a gazebo, children's playground and jogging track that can be used as needed.