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Abstract
Research purposes to analyze the efficiency of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia during the period 2015 – 2019. The object of this research is Sharia Commercial Banks consisting of Bank Muamalat, BRI Syariah Bank, Mega Syariah Bank, Bukopin Syariah Bank, BNI Syariah Bank and BCA Syariah Bank. This study uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The input variables used in this study are total assets, savings and other operational costs, while the output variables used are securities owned and other operating income. The results of the study show that BRI Syariah Bank and BNI Syariah Bank are inefficiency or inefficient, apart from these banks, namely Bank Muamalat, Bank Mega Syariah, Bank Syariah Bukopin, and Bank BCA Syariah are all efficient. The results of this study are expected to be able to contribute both theoretically and practically in increasing the efficiency of Islamic commercial banks.
Keywords: Efficiency, Total Assets, Islamic Commercial Banks, DEA
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Copyright (c) 2022 M Iqbal Aenun Najib
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References
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- Amirillah, A. (2014). Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah Di Indonesia. Journal of Econom-ics and Policy, 7(2), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v7i2.3895
- Buallay, A., Fadel, S. M., Alajmi, J., & Saudagaran, S. (2020). Sustainability reporting and bank performance after financial crisis: evidence from developed and de-veloping countries. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Jour-nal, 31(4), 747-770. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-04-2019-0040
- Burgstaller, J. (2020). Retail‐bank efficiency: Nonstandard goals and environmental determinants. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 91(2), 269-301. https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12270
- Candra, S., & Yulianto, A. (2015). Analisis Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Tingkat Efisiensi Bank Umum Syariah (Two Stage Sfa). Accounting Analysis Journal, 4(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.15294/aaj.v4i4
- Chansarn, S. (2008). The relative efficiency of commercial banks in Thailand: DEA approach.
- Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of deci-sion making units. European journal of operational research, 2(6), 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8
- Coelli, T. J., Rao, D. S. P., O'Donnell, C. J., & Battese, G. E. (2005). An introduction to efficiency and productivity analysis. springer science & business media.
- Dong, Y., Skowronski, K., Song, S., Venkataraman, S., & Zou, F. (2020). Supply base innovation and firm financial performance. Journal of Operations Man-agement, 66(7-8), 768-796. https://doi.org/10.1002/joom.1107
- Emmanuel, A. B., & Erwin, N. (2017). Investigating Efficiency of a Five Mass Elec-tromechanical System Having Damping Friction, Elastic Coupling and Clear-ance. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 6(6), 94-98. https://doi.org/10.17577/IJERTV6IS060064
- Epstein, R. A., & Henderson, M. T. (2010). Do accounting rules matter-the danger-ous allure of mark to market. J. Corp. L., 36, 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1385382
- Hijriyani, N. Z., & Setiawan. (2017). Analisis Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah Di In-donesia Sebagai Dampak Dari Efisiensi Operasional. Jurnal Kajian Akuntansi, 1(2), 194-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.33603/jka.v1i2.823
- Ichsan, R., Suparmin, S., Yusuf, M., Ismal, R., & Sitompul, S. (2021). Determinant of Sharia Bank's Financial Performance during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 298-309. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i1.1594
- Karamoy, H., & Tulung, J. E. (2020). The effect of financial performance and corpo-rate governance to stock price in non-bank financial industry. Corporate Owner-ship & Control, 17(2), 97-103. DOI: 10.22495/cocv17i2art9 .
- Karimah, S., Novianti, T., & Effendi, J. (2016). Kajian efisiensi bank umum Syariah di Indonesia. Al-Muzara'ah, 4(1), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.29244/jam.4.1.33-43
- Ledhem, M. A., & Mekidiche, M. (2020). Economic growth and financial performance of Islamic banks: a CAMELS approach. Islamic Economic Studies, 28(1), 47-62. https://doi.org/10.1108/IES-05-2020-0016
- Majdina, N., Munandar, J. M., & Effendi, J. (2019). The determinant factors of effi-ciency on Islamic banking and conventional banking in Indonesia. Jurnal Keu-angan dan Perbankan, 23(3), 454-468. https://doi.org/10.26905/jkdp.v23i3.3157
- Muharam, H. (2007). Analisis perbandingan efisiensi bank syariah di Indonesia dengan metode data envelopment analysis (Periode tahun 2005). Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 2(3), 80-166. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281741207
- Nugraha, B. W. (2013). Analisis efisiensi perbankan menggunakan metode non Parametrik data envelopment analysis (DEA). Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 1(1), 272-284. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/230759966.pdf
- Nugraheni, P., & Widyani, F. N. (2020). A study of intention to save in Islamic banks: the perspective of Muslim students. Journal of Islamic Marketing. 12(8), 1446-1460. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-11-2019-0233
- Nurdin, N., & Yusuf, K. (2020). Knowledge management lifecycle in Islamic bank: the case of syariah banks in Indonesia. International Journal of Knowledge Management Studies, 11(1), 59-80. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJKMS.2020.105073
- Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2021). Statistik Perbankan Syariah. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-syariah/Default.aspx
- Ozkan, N., Cakan, S., & Kayacan, M. (2017). Intellectual capital and financial per-formance: A study of the Turkish Banking Sector. Borsa Istanbul Review, 17(3), 190-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2016.03.001
- Prieto, A. M., & Zofio, J. L. (2007). Network DEA efficiency in input–output models: With an application to OECD countries. European journal of operational re-search, 178(1), 292-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.01.015
- Puspitasari, A., Purnomo, D., & Triyono, T. (2018). Penggunaan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) dalam Pengukuran Efisiensi Bank Umum Syari'ah di Indone-sia. BISNIS: Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen Islam, 5(2), 293-304. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/bisnis.v5i2.3015
- Putri, D. A., & Rusmita, S. A. (2020). Analisis Tingkat Efisiensi Biaya Bank Umum Syariah Dengan Metode Stochastic Frontier Analysis Periode 2015-2018. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 7(1), 199-206.doi: 10.20473/vol7iss20201pp209-217
- Rahmawati, R. (2015). Strategi Peningkatan Efisiensi Biaya pada Bank Umum Sya-riah Berbasis Stochastic Frontier Approach dan Data Envelopment Analysis. Buletin Ekonomi Moneter Dan Perbankan, 17(4), 457-480 . doi:10.21098/bemp.v17i4.506
- Rahmi, H., & Putri, D. Z. (2019). Analisis Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah Selama Krisis Global di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 1(2), 321-330. https://doi.org/10.24036/jkep.v1i2.6174
- Ramly, A. R., & Hakim, A. (2017). Pemodelan Efisiensi Bank di Indonesia: Per-bandingan antara Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional. Esensi: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 7(2), 131-148. https://doi.org/10.15408/ess.v7i2.4989
- Riani, D., & Hendrawan, S. (2020). Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA): Per-bandingan Efisiensi Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional Periode 2014-2018. Neraca Keuangan: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 15(2), 25-41. https://doi.org/10.32832/neraca.v15i2.3498
- Ridwan, R., Sugianto, S., & Setyawati, E. (2021). The Effect of TPF, NPF and Fee Based Income on the Profitability of Islamic Banks with Financing as an Inter-vening Variable. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(2), 1758-1771. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.1849
- Rosida, R., & Hermawan, D. (2020). Analisis Tingkat Efisiensi Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia pada Era Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA). Journal of Applied Is-lamic Economics and Finance, 1(1), 171-185. https://doi.org/10.35313/jaief.v1i1.2401
- Salim, M. N., & Djausin, R. P. I. (2020). Determinants of financial performance and its impact on the growth of Islamic Bank Assets on Indonesia. International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 7(1), 27-41. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.62.2020.71.27.41
- Sari, P. M., Bahrudin, M., & Nurmalia, G. (2020). Studi komparatif analisis efisiensi kinerja perbankan syariah di indonesia antara metode data envelopment analy-sis (dea) dan stochastic frontier analysis (sfa). Fidusia: jurnal keuangan dan perbankan, 3(1). Fiduciary: Journal of Finance and Banking, 3(1), 48-66. doi: 10.24127/jf.v3i1.468
- Stewart, C., Matousek, R., & Nguyen, T. N. (2016). Efficiency in the Vietnamese banking system: A DEA double bootstrap approach. International Business and Finance, 36, 96-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2015.09.006
- Sujarweni, V. W. (2015). Metodologi penelitian bisnis dan ekonomi. Yogyakarta: Pustakapress
- Sulaeman, H. S. F., Moelyono, S. M., & Nawir, J. (2019). Determinants of banking efficiency for commercial banks in Indonesia. Contemporary Economics, 13(2), 205-218. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.308
- Sutawijaya, A., & Lestari, E. P. (2009). Efisiensi Teknik Perbankan Indonesia Pas-cakrisis Ekonomi: Sebuah Studi Empiris Penerapan Model DEA. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 10(1), 49-67. https://doi.org/10.23917/jep.v10i1.808
- Tuffahati, H., Mardian, S., & Suprapto, E. (2016). Pengukuran efisiensi asuransi syariah dengan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keu-angan Islam, 4(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.35836/jakis.v4i1.27
References
Ali, H. Y., Danish, R. Q., & Asrar‐ul‐Haq, M. (2020). How corporate social responsibil-ity boosts firm financial performance: The mediating role of corporate image and customer satisfaction. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Man-agement, 27(1), 166-177. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1781
Amalia, Z. R. (2013). Perbandingan tingkat efisiensi bank umum konvensional (BUK) dengan bank umum syariah (BUS) menggunakan metode data envel-opment analysis (dea). In Kategori Peneliti Muda, 12(2), 191-200. https://doi.org/10.15408/akt.v12i2.12600
Amirillah, A. (2014). Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah Di Indonesia. Journal of Econom-ics and Policy, 7(2), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v7i2.3895
Buallay, A., Fadel, S. M., Alajmi, J., & Saudagaran, S. (2020). Sustainability reporting and bank performance after financial crisis: evidence from developed and de-veloping countries. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Jour-nal, 31(4), 747-770. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-04-2019-0040
Burgstaller, J. (2020). Retail‐bank efficiency: Nonstandard goals and environmental determinants. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 91(2), 269-301. https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12270
Candra, S., & Yulianto, A. (2015). Analisis Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Tingkat Efisiensi Bank Umum Syariah (Two Stage Sfa). Accounting Analysis Journal, 4(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.15294/aaj.v4i4
Chansarn, S. (2008). The relative efficiency of commercial banks in Thailand: DEA approach.
Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of deci-sion making units. European journal of operational research, 2(6), 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8
Coelli, T. J., Rao, D. S. P., O'Donnell, C. J., & Battese, G. E. (2005). An introduction to efficiency and productivity analysis. springer science & business media.
Dong, Y., Skowronski, K., Song, S., Venkataraman, S., & Zou, F. (2020). Supply base innovation and firm financial performance. Journal of Operations Man-agement, 66(7-8), 768-796. https://doi.org/10.1002/joom.1107
Emmanuel, A. B., & Erwin, N. (2017). Investigating Efficiency of a Five Mass Elec-tromechanical System Having Damping Friction, Elastic Coupling and Clear-ance. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 6(6), 94-98. https://doi.org/10.17577/IJERTV6IS060064
Epstein, R. A., & Henderson, M. T. (2010). Do accounting rules matter-the danger-ous allure of mark to market. J. Corp. L., 36, 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1385382
Hijriyani, N. Z., & Setiawan. (2017). Analisis Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah Di In-donesia Sebagai Dampak Dari Efisiensi Operasional. Jurnal Kajian Akuntansi, 1(2), 194-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.33603/jka.v1i2.823
Ichsan, R., Suparmin, S., Yusuf, M., Ismal, R., & Sitompul, S. (2021). Determinant of Sharia Bank's Financial Performance during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 298-309. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i1.1594
Karamoy, H., & Tulung, J. E. (2020). The effect of financial performance and corpo-rate governance to stock price in non-bank financial industry. Corporate Owner-ship & Control, 17(2), 97-103. DOI: 10.22495/cocv17i2art9 .
Karimah, S., Novianti, T., & Effendi, J. (2016). Kajian efisiensi bank umum Syariah di Indonesia. Al-Muzara'ah, 4(1), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.29244/jam.4.1.33-43
Ledhem, M. A., & Mekidiche, M. (2020). Economic growth and financial performance of Islamic banks: a CAMELS approach. Islamic Economic Studies, 28(1), 47-62. https://doi.org/10.1108/IES-05-2020-0016
Majdina, N., Munandar, J. M., & Effendi, J. (2019). The determinant factors of effi-ciency on Islamic banking and conventional banking in Indonesia. Jurnal Keu-angan dan Perbankan, 23(3), 454-468. https://doi.org/10.26905/jkdp.v23i3.3157
Muharam, H. (2007). Analisis perbandingan efisiensi bank syariah di Indonesia dengan metode data envelopment analysis (Periode tahun 2005). Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 2(3), 80-166. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281741207
Nugraha, B. W. (2013). Analisis efisiensi perbankan menggunakan metode non Parametrik data envelopment analysis (DEA). Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 1(1), 272-284. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/230759966.pdf
Nugraheni, P., & Widyani, F. N. (2020). A study of intention to save in Islamic banks: the perspective of Muslim students. Journal of Islamic Marketing. 12(8), 1446-1460. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-11-2019-0233
Nurdin, N., & Yusuf, K. (2020). Knowledge management lifecycle in Islamic bank: the case of syariah banks in Indonesia. International Journal of Knowledge Management Studies, 11(1), 59-80. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJKMS.2020.105073
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2021). Statistik Perbankan Syariah. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-syariah/Default.aspx
Ozkan, N., Cakan, S., & Kayacan, M. (2017). Intellectual capital and financial per-formance: A study of the Turkish Banking Sector. Borsa Istanbul Review, 17(3), 190-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2016.03.001
Prieto, A. M., & Zofio, J. L. (2007). Network DEA efficiency in input–output models: With an application to OECD countries. European journal of operational re-search, 178(1), 292-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.01.015
Puspitasari, A., Purnomo, D., & Triyono, T. (2018). Penggunaan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) dalam Pengukuran Efisiensi Bank Umum Syari'ah di Indone-sia. BISNIS: Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen Islam, 5(2), 293-304. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/bisnis.v5i2.3015
Putri, D. A., & Rusmita, S. A. (2020). Analisis Tingkat Efisiensi Biaya Bank Umum Syariah Dengan Metode Stochastic Frontier Analysis Periode 2015-2018. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 7(1), 199-206.doi: 10.20473/vol7iss20201pp209-217
Rahmawati, R. (2015). Strategi Peningkatan Efisiensi Biaya pada Bank Umum Sya-riah Berbasis Stochastic Frontier Approach dan Data Envelopment Analysis. Buletin Ekonomi Moneter Dan Perbankan, 17(4), 457-480 . doi:10.21098/bemp.v17i4.506
Rahmi, H., & Putri, D. Z. (2019). Analisis Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah Selama Krisis Global di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 1(2), 321-330. https://doi.org/10.24036/jkep.v1i2.6174
Ramly, A. R., & Hakim, A. (2017). Pemodelan Efisiensi Bank di Indonesia: Per-bandingan antara Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional. Esensi: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 7(2), 131-148. https://doi.org/10.15408/ess.v7i2.4989
Riani, D., & Hendrawan, S. (2020). Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA): Per-bandingan Efisiensi Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional Periode 2014-2018. Neraca Keuangan: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 15(2), 25-41. https://doi.org/10.32832/neraca.v15i2.3498
Ridwan, R., Sugianto, S., & Setyawati, E. (2021). The Effect of TPF, NPF and Fee Based Income on the Profitability of Islamic Banks with Financing as an Inter-vening Variable. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(2), 1758-1771. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.1849
Rosida, R., & Hermawan, D. (2020). Analisis Tingkat Efisiensi Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia pada Era Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA). Journal of Applied Is-lamic Economics and Finance, 1(1), 171-185. https://doi.org/10.35313/jaief.v1i1.2401
Salim, M. N., & Djausin, R. P. I. (2020). Determinants of financial performance and its impact on the growth of Islamic Bank Assets on Indonesia. International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 7(1), 27-41. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.62.2020.71.27.41
Sari, P. M., Bahrudin, M., & Nurmalia, G. (2020). Studi komparatif analisis efisiensi kinerja perbankan syariah di indonesia antara metode data envelopment analy-sis (dea) dan stochastic frontier analysis (sfa). Fidusia: jurnal keuangan dan perbankan, 3(1). Fiduciary: Journal of Finance and Banking, 3(1), 48-66. doi: 10.24127/jf.v3i1.468
Stewart, C., Matousek, R., & Nguyen, T. N. (2016). Efficiency in the Vietnamese banking system: A DEA double bootstrap approach. International Business and Finance, 36, 96-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2015.09.006
Sujarweni, V. W. (2015). Metodologi penelitian bisnis dan ekonomi. Yogyakarta: Pustakapress
Sulaeman, H. S. F., Moelyono, S. M., & Nawir, J. (2019). Determinants of banking efficiency for commercial banks in Indonesia. Contemporary Economics, 13(2), 205-218. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.308
Sutawijaya, A., & Lestari, E. P. (2009). Efisiensi Teknik Perbankan Indonesia Pas-cakrisis Ekonomi: Sebuah Studi Empiris Penerapan Model DEA. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 10(1), 49-67. https://doi.org/10.23917/jep.v10i1.808
Tuffahati, H., Mardian, S., & Suprapto, E. (2016). Pengukuran efisiensi asuransi syariah dengan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keu-angan Islam, 4(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.35836/jakis.v4i1.27