Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose – This study investigates the impact of Islamic banks' environmental commitment on their financial performance. In addition, the moderating role of management quality is employed to assess whether it affects the nexus of environmental commitment and Islamic banks’ financial performance.
Methodology – The sample of the study consists of 32 Islamic banks from 12 countries with sufficient environmental commitment reports from 2016 to 2023. A panel data approach is adopted to estimate the models in this study, namely the random effects model (REM), 2-Stage Least Squares (2SLS), and Least Squares Dummy Variable Corrected (LSDVC).
Findings – The findings reveal that Islamic banks' commitment to environmental activities supports their financial performance. In addition, the management quality of Islamic banks moderates the relationship between environmental commitment and financial performance. The findings of this study are robust after conducting estimations to check the consistency of the results using several econometric scenarios.
Implication – The findings imply the urgency to embrace, practice, and develop environmental commitment in Islamic banking. It can be implemented by policymakers and regulators to spur and demand that Islamic banks have sufficient environmental commitment while operating them.
Originality – This study contributes to the precise examination of inconclusive findings on the nexus between environmental commitment and financial performance in global Islamic banks. Moreover, it highlights the role of management quality in the nexus between environmental commitment and financial performance, which remains understudied in prior literature.
Keywords
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Copyright (c) 2025 Faaza Fakhrunnas, MB Hendrie Anto

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References
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References
Agnese, P., Battaglia, F., Busato, F., & Taddeo, S. (2023). ESG controversies and governance: Evidence from the banking industry. Finance Research Letters, 53(May), 103397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2022.103397
Alam, A. W., Banna, H., & Hassan, M. K. (2022). ESG activities and bank efficiency: Are Islamic banks better? Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 8(1), 65–88. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v8i1.1428
Alghafes, R., Karim, S., Aliani, K., Qureishi, N., & Alkayed, L. (2024). Influence of key ESG factors on Islamic banks’ financial performance: Evidence from GCC countries. International Review of Economics and Finance, 96, 103629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2024.103629
Asutay, M. (2013). Islamic moral economy as the foundation of Islamic finance. In V. Cattelan (Ed.), Islamic Finance in Europe (pp. 55–63). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781002513.00014
Azmi, W., Hassan, M. K., Houston, R., & Karim, M. S. (2021). ESG activities and banking performance: International evidence from emerging economies. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 70, 101277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2020.101277
Banna, H., Ahmad, R., & Koh, E. H. Y. (2018). How does total quality management influence the loan quality of the bank? Total Quality Management and Business Excellence, 29(1–15), 287–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2016.1180954
Brambor, T., Clark, W. R., & Golder, M. (2006). Understanding interaction models: Improving empirical analyses. Political Analysis, 14(1), 63–82. https://doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpi014
Bruno, G. S. F. (2005). Approximating the bias of the LSDV estimator for dynamic unbalanced panel data models. Economics Letters, 87(3), 361–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2005.01.005
Buallay, A. (2019). Is sustainability reporting (ESG) associated with performance? Evidence from the European banking sector. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 30(1), 98–115. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-12-2017-0149
Bukhari, S. A. A., Hashim, F., Amran, A. B., & Hyder, K. (2019). Green banking and Islam: Two sides of the same coin. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 11(4), 977–1000. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-09-2018-0154
Central Bank of Malaysia. (2018). Value-based intermediation: Strengthening the roles and impact of Islamic finance. (BNM Strategic Paper Vol. 10, Issue BNM/RH/DP034-1).
Central Bank of Oman. (2024). Promoting Sustainable and Green Financial Practices-Regulatory Requirements and Recommendation. https://cbo.gov.om/pages/viewCircular.aspx?file=/sites/assets/Documents/Global/Circulars/2024/2024-10-13%20BM%201208%20-%20Promoting%20Sustainable%20and%20Green%20Financial%20Practices%20-%20Annex.pdf&Title=BM%201208%20-%20Promoting%20Sustainable%20and%20Green%20Financial%20Practices%20-%20Annex
Council of Banking and Financial Institutions (2022). Sustainability Guide for Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) 2022. https://gifiip.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/CIBAFI-Sustainability-Guide-EN.pdf
Dang, V. A., Kim, M., & Shin, Y. (2015). In search of robust methods for dynamic panel data models in empirical corporate finance. Journal of Banking and Finance, 53, 84–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2014.12.009
Danlami, M. R., Abduh, M., & Abdul Razak, L. (2022). CAMELS, risk-sharing financing, institutional quality and stability of Islamic banks: Evidence from 6 OIC countries. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 13(8), 1155–1175. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-08-2021-0227
Fakhrunnas, F., Kenc, T., & Hengchao, Z. (2025). ESG and banking performance in emerging and developing countries: Do Islamic banks perform better? Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 11(1), 175–198. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v11i1.2429
Franco, S., Caroli, M. G., Cappa, F., & Del Chiappa, G. (2020). Are you good enough? CSR, quality management and corporate financial performance in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 88, 102395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102395
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Pitman Publishing Inc.
Hidayat, S. E., Sakti, M. R. P., & Al-Balushi, R. A. A. (2021). Risk, efficiency and financial performance in the GCC banking industry: Islamic versus conventional banks. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 12(4), 564–592. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-05-2020-0138
Ibrahim, M. H., & Arundina, T. (2022). Practical Panel Modelling. National Committee of Islamic Economy and Finance (KNEKS). https://kneks.go.id/storage/upload/1675248927-%5BFINAL%5D%20Practional%20Panel%20Modeling%20-%20Applications%20in%20Islamic%20Banking%20and%20Finance_PDF.pdf
Islam, M. U., Abdul Hamid, B., & Shahid, M. N. (2025). ESG activities and bank performance with the moderating influence of competition and regulatory quality: A study in the organization of Islamic countries. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 18(2), 441–466. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-01-2024-0052
Khan, T. (2019). Reforming Islamic finance for achieving sustainable development goals. Journal of King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics, 32(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.4197/Islec.32-1.1
Khan, T., & Badjie, F. (2022). Islamic blended finance for circular economy impactful smes to achieve SDGs. Singapore Economic Review, 67(1), 219–244. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217590820420060
Khoury, R. E., Nasrallah, N., & Alareeni, B. (2021). ESG and financial performance of banks in the MENAT region : concavity – convexity patterns. Journal of Sustainable Finance and Investment, 13, 406–430. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2021.1929807
Network for Greening Financing System (2019). A Call for Action: Climate Change as a Source of Financial Risk. https://www.ngfs.net/en/first-comprehensive-report-call-action
Nizam, E., Ng, A., Dewandaru, G., Nagayev, R., & Nkoba, M. A. (2019). The impact of social and environmental sustainability on financial performance: A global analysis of the banking sector. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 49, 35–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mulfin.2019.01.002
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2024). Climate Risk Management & Scenario Analysis Perbankan 2024. https://ojk.go.id/id/berita-dan-kegiatan/info-terkini/Pages/Climate-Risk-Management-and-Scenario-Analysis-CRMS.aspx
Sendi, A., Banna, H., Hassan, M. K., & Huq, T. I. (2024). The effect of ESG scores on bank stability: Islamic vs. conventional banks. Journal of Sustainable Finance and Investment, 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2024.2395876
Shakil, M. H., Mahmood, N., Tasnia, M., & Munim, Z. H. (2019). Do environmental, social and governance performance affect the financial performance of banks? A cross-country study of emerging market banks. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 30(6), 1331–1344. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-08-2018-0155
Tommaso, C. D., & Thornton, J. (2020). Do ESG scores effect bank risk taking and value? Evidence from European banks investment. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environment Management, 27(5), 2286–2298. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1964
Tumewang, Y. K., Yunita, D. N., & Hassan, M. K. (2024). A bibliometric analysis of ESG in Islamic banks: Mapping current trends and projecting future research direction. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-09-2023-0513
Ullah, M. I., Aslam, M., Altaf, S., & Ahmed, M. (2019). Some new diagnostics of multicollinearity in linear regression model. Sains Malaysiana, 48(9), 2051–2060. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4809-26
United Nations. (2015). The paris agreement. United Nations. https://doi.org/10.4324/9789276082569-2
Yuen, M. K., Ngo, T., Le, T. D. Q., & Ho, T. H. (2022). The environment, social and governance (ESG) activities and profitability under COVID-19: Evidence from the global banking sector. Journal of Economics and Development, 24(4), 345–364. https://doi.org/10.1108/jed-08-2022-0136