Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose – To design an integrated halal risk mitigation strategy for the chicken meat supply chain of Indonesia. The primary focus is on identifying critical points that have the potential to threaten halal integrity from upstream to downstream in the supply chain.
Methodology – This research approach uses a combination of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) methods to identify and measure the level of risk at each stage of the supply chain, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the priority of mitigation strategies based on expert perspectives.
Findings – The results showed that the poultry slaughterhouse stage is the most critical point in maintaining halal products, with a priority weight of 0.51, followed by farms (0.30), and retail (0.19). The main risks identified included uncertainty in the validation of the slaughter method, non-compliance of feed and medicine with halal standards, and weak traceability of product origin in retail.
Implications – This research provides strategic contributions for policymakers, halal certification institutions, and business actors to strengthen the governance of the national halal supply chain. Applying the research results can improve the effectiveness of supervision and ensure compliance with Sharia principles as a whole.
Originality – The uniqueness of this study lies in integrating the FMEA and AHP methods in the context of the halal supply chain, which is still limited in Indonesian literature. This approach offers an evidence-based strategic framework for systematic and sustainable halal risk management.
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2025 Rizqa Ula Fahadha, Sutarto Sutarto

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References
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- Khan, M. I., Haleem, A., & Khan, S. (2022). Examining the link between halal supply chain management and sustainability. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(7), 2793–2819. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-07-2019-0354
- Khan, M. I., Khan, S., & Haleem, A. (2019). Using integrated weighted IRP-Fuzzy TISM approach towards evaluation of initiatives to harmonise halal standards. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26(2), 434–451. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-04-2018-0086
- Khan, S., Haleem, A., & Khan, M. I. (2021). Risk management in Halal supply chain: An integrated fuzzy Delphi and DEMATEL approach. Journal of Modelling in Management, 16(1), 172–214. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-09-2019-0228
- Khan, S., Khan, M. I., Haleem, A., & Jami, A. R. (2022). Prioritising the risks in halal food supply chain: An MCDM approach. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(1), 45–65. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-10-2018-0206
- Khusun, H., Februhartanty, J., Anggraini, R., Mognard, E., Alem, Y., Noor, M. I., Karim, N., Laporte, C., Poulain, J.-P., Monsivais, P., & Drewnowski, A. (2022). Animal and plant protein food sources in indonesia differ across socio-demographic groups: Socio-cultural research in protein transition in Indonesia and Malaysia. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.762459
- Kristanto, D., & Kurniawati, D. A. (2023). Development of halal supply chain risk management framework for frozen food industries. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(12), 3033–3052. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2022-0112
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- Lahane, S., & Kant, R. (2021). Evaluation and ranking of solutions to mitigate circular supply chain risks. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 27, 753–773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.01.034
- Luthviati, R.D, & Jenvitchuwong, S. (2021). Implementation of halal product assurance in the pharmaceutical sector in Indonesia. Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v1i3.19
- Mabkhot, H. (2023). Factors affecting the sustainability of halal product performance: Malaysian evidence. Sustainability, 15(3), 1850. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031850
- Masudin, I., Fernanda, F. W., & Widayat, W. (2018). Halal logistics performance and customer loyalty: From the literature review to a conceptual framework. International Journal of Technology, 9(5), 1072. https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v9i5.1919
- Melga Sari, D., Noviarita, H., & Iqbal Fasa, M. (2024). Strategy for increasing halal products and halal certification of food products in increasing the competitiveness of the Indonesian halal industry. Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 6(3), 2471–2480. https://doi.org/10.47467/reslaj.v6i3.6232
- Rahman, M. M., Razimi, M. S. A., Ariffin, A. S., & Hashim, N. (2024). Navigating moral landscape: Islamic ethical choices and sustainability in halal meat production and consumption. Discover Sustainability, 5(1), 225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-024-00388-y
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- Saaty, T.L.(1990). How to make a decision: The analytic hierarchy process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48(1), 9-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(90)90057-I
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- Susanty, A., Puspitasari, N. B., Rosyada, Z. F., Pratama, M. A., & Kurniawan, E. (2024). Design of blockchain-based halal traceability system applications for halal chicken meat-based food supply chain. International Journal of Information Technology, 16(3), 1449–1473. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41870-023-01650-8
- Tan, A., Gligor, D., & Ngah, A. (2022). Applying blockchain for halal food traceability. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 25(6), 947–964. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2020.1825653
- Tseng, M.-L., Ha, H. M., Tran, T. P. T., Bui, T.-D., Lim, M. K., Lin, C.-W., & Helmi Ali, M. (2022). Data-driven on sustainable food supply chain: A comparison on halal and non-halal food system. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 39(6), 430–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2022.2040622
- Tumiwa, R. A. F., Ningsih, G. M., Romarina, A., Setyadjit, S., Slamet, B., Waruwu, E., Ie, M., & Utomo, Y. T. (2023). Investigating halal food Supply chain management, halal certification and traceability on SMEs performance. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 11(4), 1889–1896. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2023.6.003
- Yang, X., Li, M., Yu, H., Wang, M., Xu, D., & Sun, C. (2021). A trusted blockchain-based traceability system for fruit and vegetable agricultural products. IEEE Access, 9, 36282–36293. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3062845
References
Abdallah, A., Rahem, M. A., & Pasqualone, A. (2021). The multiplicity of halal standards: A case study of application to slaughterhouses. Journal of Ethnic Foods, 8(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42779-021-00084-6
Abd Rahman, A., Abd Mubin, N., Yusof, R. N. R., & Kamarulzaman, N. H. (2023). Building supply chain performance through halal logistics, organisational capabilities and knowledge management. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 26(4), 498–520. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2021.1969347
Alamsyah, A., Hakim, N., & Hendayani, R. (2022). Blockchain-based traceability system to support the Indonesian halal supply chain ecosystem. Economies, 10(6), 134. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10060134
Ali, M. H., & Suleiman, N. (2018). Eleven shades of food integrity: A halal supply chain perspective. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 71, 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2017.11.016
Altubaishe, B., & Desai, S. (2023). Multicriteria decision making in supply chain management using FMEA and Hybrid AHP-PROMETHEE Algorithms. Sensors, 23(8), 4041. https://doi.org/10.3390/s230804041
Alzeer, J., Rieder, U., & Hadeed, K. A. (2020). Good agricultural practices and its compatibility with Halal standards. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 102, 237–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.02.025
Ardiantono, D. S., Ardyansyah, G. D., Sugihartanto, M. F., Al Mustofa, M. U., & Lisdiantini, N. (2024). Mapping the barrier and strategic solutions of halal supply chain implementation in small and medium enterprises. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(7), 1673–1705. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-08-2022-0229
Attwood, S., Jameel, S., Fuseini, A., AlKhalawi, E., & Hajat, C. (2023). Halal cultivated meat: An untapped opportunity. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1196475
Ayob, A., & Saiyed, A. (2020). Islam, institutions, and entrepreneurship: Evidence from Muslim populations across nations. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 13, 635-653. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-11-2019-0472
Billah, A., Rahman, M. A., & Hossain, M. T. Bin. (2020). Factors influencing Muslim and non-Muslim consumers’ consumption behavior: A case study on halal food. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 23(4), 324–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/15378020.2020.1768040
Boral, S., Howard, I., Chaturvedi, S. K., McKee, K., & Naikan, V. N. A. (2020). An integrated approach for fuzzy failure modes and effects analysis using fuzzy AHP and fuzzy MAIRCA. Engineering Failure Analysis, 108, 104195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.104195
Bux, C., Varese, E., Amicarelli, V., & Lombardi, M. (2022). Halal food sustainability between certification and blockchain: A review. Sustainability, 14(4), 2152. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042152
Fahadha, R. U., Nuryati, T., & Sutarto, S. (2019). Evaluasi risiko rantai pasok pada komoditas bawang merah di Lampung. OPSI, 12(2), 108. https://doi.org/10.31315/opsi.v12i2.3162
Farah, M. F. (2021). Consumer perception of halal products. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 12(2), 280–301. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-09-2019-0191
Fathima, A. M., Rahmawati, L., Windarsih, A., & Suratno. (2024). Advanced halal authentication methods and technology for addressing non-compliance concerns in halal meat and meat products supply chain: A review. Food Science of Animal Resources, 44(6), 1195–1212. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2024.e75
Fernando, Y., Ahmad Jasmi, M. F., Wahyuni-TD, I. S., Mergeresa, F., Khamis, K. A., Fakhrorazi, A., & Omar, R. (2023). Supply chain integration and halal frozen meat product returns. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(5), 1369–1395. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2021-0144
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, Marko. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Handayani, D. I., Masudin, I., Haris, A., & Restuputri, D. P. (2022). Ensuring the halal integrity of the food supply chain through halal suppliers: A bibliometric review. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(7), 1457–1478. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-10-2020-0329
Harsanto, B., Farras, J. I., Firmansyah, E. A., Pradana, M., & Apriliadi, A. (2024). Digital technology 4.0 on halal supply chain: A systematic review. Logistics, 8(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics8010021
Khan, M. I., Haleem, A., & Khan, S. (2022). Examining the link between halal supply chain management and sustainability. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(7), 2793–2819. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-07-2019-0354
Khan, M. I., Khan, S., & Haleem, A. (2019). Using integrated weighted IRP-Fuzzy TISM approach towards evaluation of initiatives to harmonise halal standards. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26(2), 434–451. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-04-2018-0086
Khan, S., Haleem, A., & Khan, M. I. (2021). Risk management in Halal supply chain: An integrated fuzzy Delphi and DEMATEL approach. Journal of Modelling in Management, 16(1), 172–214. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-09-2019-0228
Khan, S., Khan, M. I., Haleem, A., & Jami, A. R. (2022). Prioritising the risks in halal food supply chain: An MCDM approach. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(1), 45–65. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-10-2018-0206
Khusun, H., Februhartanty, J., Anggraini, R., Mognard, E., Alem, Y., Noor, M. I., Karim, N., Laporte, C., Poulain, J.-P., Monsivais, P., & Drewnowski, A. (2022). Animal and plant protein food sources in indonesia differ across socio-demographic groups: Socio-cultural research in protein transition in Indonesia and Malaysia. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.762459
Kristanto, D., & Kurniawati, D. A. (2023). Development of halal supply chain risk management framework for frozen food industries. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(12), 3033–3052. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2022-0112
Kurniawati, D. A., & Cakravastia, A. (2023). A review of halal supply chain research: Sustainability and operations research perspective. Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain, 6, 100096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clscn.2023.100096
Lahane, S., & Kant, R. (2021). Evaluation and ranking of solutions to mitigate circular supply chain risks. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 27, 753–773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.01.034
Luthviati, R.D, & Jenvitchuwong, S. (2021). Implementation of halal product assurance in the pharmaceutical sector in Indonesia. Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v1i3.19
Mabkhot, H. (2023). Factors affecting the sustainability of halal product performance: Malaysian evidence. Sustainability, 15(3), 1850. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031850
Masudin, I., Fernanda, F. W., & Widayat, W. (2018). Halal logistics performance and customer loyalty: From the literature review to a conceptual framework. International Journal of Technology, 9(5), 1072. https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v9i5.1919
Melga Sari, D., Noviarita, H., & Iqbal Fasa, M. (2024). Strategy for increasing halal products and halal certification of food products in increasing the competitiveness of the Indonesian halal industry. Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 6(3), 2471–2480. https://doi.org/10.47467/reslaj.v6i3.6232
Rahman, M. M., Razimi, M. S. A., Ariffin, A. S., & Hashim, N. (2024). Navigating moral landscape: Islamic ethical choices and sustainability in halal meat production and consumption. Discover Sustainability, 5(1), 225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-024-00388-y
Ramli, M. A., Abd Razak, M. A., & Jaafar, M. H. (2023). Understanding non-Muslims’ reluctance to halal food: A systematic review. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(2), 544–561. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2021-0134
Rejeb, A., Rejeb, K., Zailani, S., Treiblmaier, H., & Hand, K. J. (2021). Integrating the internet of things in the halal food supply chain: A systematic literature review and research agenda. Internet of Things, 13, 100361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2021.100361
Saaty, T.L.(1990). How to make a decision: The analytic hierarchy process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48(1), 9-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(90)90057-I
Sarwar, A., Zafar, A., & Qadir, A. (2021). Analysis and prioritization of risk factors in the management of halal supply chain management. Discover Sustainability, 2(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-021-00039-6
Stofkova, J., Krejnus, M., Stofkova, K. R., Malega, P., & Binasova, V. (2022). Use of the analytic hierarchy process and selected methods in the managerial decision-making process in the context of sustainable development. Sustainability, 14(18), 11546. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811546
Suryawan, A. S., Hisano, S., & Jongerden, J. (2022). Negotiating halal: The role of non-religious concerns in shaping halal standards in Indonesia. Journal of Rural Studies, 92, 482–491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.09.013
Susanty, A., Puspitasari, N. B., Rosyada, Z. F., Pratama, M. A., & Kurniawan, E. (2024). Design of blockchain-based halal traceability system applications for halal chicken meat-based food supply chain. International Journal of Information Technology, 16(3), 1449–1473. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41870-023-01650-8
Tan, A., Gligor, D., & Ngah, A. (2022). Applying blockchain for halal food traceability. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 25(6), 947–964. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2020.1825653
Tseng, M.-L., Ha, H. M., Tran, T. P. T., Bui, T.-D., Lim, M. K., Lin, C.-W., & Helmi Ali, M. (2022). Data-driven on sustainable food supply chain: A comparison on halal and non-halal food system. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 39(6), 430–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2022.2040622
Tumiwa, R. A. F., Ningsih, G. M., Romarina, A., Setyadjit, S., Slamet, B., Waruwu, E., Ie, M., & Utomo, Y. T. (2023). Investigating halal food Supply chain management, halal certification and traceability on SMEs performance. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 11(4), 1889–1896. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2023.6.003
Yang, X., Li, M., Yu, H., Wang, M., Xu, D., & Sun, C. (2021). A trusted blockchain-based traceability system for fruit and vegetable agricultural products. IEEE Access, 9, 36282–36293. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3062845