Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose – This study analyzes the influence of animosity and religiosity on brand switching among Pizza Hut consumers in Indonesia, with boycott intention as a mediating variable. It seeks to understand how negative sentiments and religious values shape consumers’ decisions to switch brands in the context of geopolitical and social conflicts.
Methodology – A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a survey distributed to 190 Pizza Hut consumers in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) via SmartPLS 4.0 to test the direct and indirect effects among variables.
Findings – The results confirmed that both animosity (β = 0.174, p < 0.05) and religiosity (β = 0.240, p < 0.05) significantly influenced brand switching. Boycott intention also mediated these relationships, with animosity (β = 0.126, p < 0.05) and religiosity (β = 0.149, p < 0.05) exerting indirect effects. Additionally, boycott intention directly affects brand switching (β = 0.402, p < 0.05).
Implications – Practically, Pizza Hut must address consumer animosity rooted in political conflict and align marketing strategies with religious values to retain customers. Theoretically, this study enriches the literature on ethical consumption by integrating social, political, and religious factors into emerging markets.
Originality – This study is among the first to explore the combined effects of animosity and religiosity on brand switching in Indonesia, particularly within the fast-food industry. It highlights boycott intention as a critical mediator, offering novel insights into consumer behavior amid sociopolitical tensions.
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2025 Redithya Ega Fernanda, Eko Handayanto, Yulist Rima Fiandari

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References
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Abosag, I., & Farah, M. F. (2014). The influence of religiously motivated consumer boycotts on brand image, loyalty and product judgment. European Journal of Marketing, 48(11/12), 2262–2283. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-12-2013-0737
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Albayati, M., Kamariah Nik Mat, N., Salem Musaibah, A., Saleh Aldhaafri, H., & Mohammed Almatari, E. (2012). Participate in boycott activities toward Danish products from the perspective of Muslim consumer. American Journal of Economics, 2(4), 120–124. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.economics.20120001.27
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Babu, M. A., Alam, M. T. U., Jaman, S. M. S., & Islam, M. R. (2025). Understanding the psychology behind the boycott of Israeli-affiliated brands: A TPB-based study in Bangladesh. Acta Psychologica, 260, 105572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105572
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Bayir, T., & Osmanoğlu, H. (2022). A study on consumer animosity, negative WOM (nWOM), and boycott behaviours of rival football fans. Sosyoekonomi, 30(53), 227–242. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2022.03.12
Bloodgood, J. M., Turnley, W. H., & Mudrack, P. (2008). The influence of ethics instruction, religiosity, and intelligence on cheating behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(3), 557–571. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9576-0
Buhari, N. (2022). The effect of religiosity on Muslim consumer’s switching behavior in Greater Jakarta Area. Journal of Multidisciplinary Issues, 2(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.53748/jmis.v1i1.24
Chang, H. H. S., Fong, C. M., & Chen, I. H. (2024). Revisiting consumer responses in situational animosity: A reference group perspective. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 33(5), 545–560. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-05-2023-4521
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Chowdhury, R. M. M. I., Arli, D., & Septianto, F. (2022). Consumers’ responses to moral controversies of religiously positioned brands: The effects of religiosity on brand loyalty. European Journal of Marketing, 56(5), 1398–1433. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-11-2020-0841
De Nisco, A., Mainolfi, G., Marino, V., & Napolitano, M. R. (2015). Tourism satisfaction effect on general country image, destination image, and post-visit intentions. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 21(4), 305–317. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766715577502
Dekhil, F., Jridi, H., & Farhat, H. (2017). Effect of religiosity on the decision to participate in a boycott: The moderating effect of brand loyalty – The case of Coca-Cola. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 8(2), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-01-2013-0008
Efendi, P. A. R., & Alfansi, L. (2025). Why do they avoid it? Factors behind brand avoidance related to the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) Movement. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, 11(2), 791–814. https://doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol11.iss2.art6
Farouh, M., & Abdelrhim, M. (2021). The impact of the Muslim boycott to protest against the caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) on the French stock market sectors (SSRN Scholarly Paper 3776320). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3776320
Fiandari, Y. R., Shanty, B. M., & Nanda, M. D. (2024). The roles of word of mouth, religiosity and behavioral control toward halal cosmetics’ purchase intention: Attitude as mediation. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(10), 2633–2651. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2023-0139
Fintikasari, I., & Ardyan, E. (2018). Brand switching behaviour in the generation Y: Empirical studies on smartphone users. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 20(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.9744/jmk.20.1.23-30
Florencio, P. B., Revilla-Camacho, M. Á., & Garzón-Benítez, L. (2019). The attitude towards boycotts: Determining factors. Harvard Deusto Business Research, 8(2), 110–122. https://doi.org/10.3926/hdbr.242
Giang, N. T. & Koi, N.D. (2015). The impact of consumer animosity and consumer ethnocentrism on intention to purchase foreign products: The case of Chinese branded household appliances in Vietnam market. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 7(4(J)), 22–36. https://doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v7i4(J).591
Glock, C. Y., & Stark, R. (1965). Religion and society in tension. Rand McNally.
Harmeling, C. M., & Magnusson, P. (2015). Beyond anger: A deeper look at consumer animosity. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(6), 676–693. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2014.74
Heijnen, P., & Van der Made, A. (2012). A signaling theory of consumer boycotts. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 63(3), 404–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2012.01.004
Isa, M. Y., Bahaman, M. A., Ahmad, Z., Islamkulov, A., & Ahmed, M. (2025). Impact of global boycotts on Israeli goods: Evidence from Islamic and non-Islamic countries using an event study approach. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 15(7), 1111–1124. https://doi.org/10.55493/5002.v15i7.5491
Katadata. (2024, Mei 20). Cek Data: Bagaimana boikot pengaruhi bisnis merek global di Indonesia? Katadata.co.id. https://katadata.co.id/cekdata/664a92f2437dd/cek-data-bagaimana-boikot-pengaruhi-bisnis-merek-global-di-indonesia
Kim, J. H. (2018). Animosity and switching intention: Moderating factors in the decision making of Chinese ethnic diners. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 60(2), 174–188. https://doi.org/10.1177/1938965518789347
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Krüger, T., Hoffmann, S., Nibat, I. N., Mai, R., Trendel, O., Görg, H., & Lasarov, W. (2024). How consumer animosity drives anti-consumption: A multi-country examination of social animosity. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 81, 103990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.103990
Lestari, P., & Jazil, T. (2024). The role of religiosity, consumer animosity, and ethnocentrism in explaining the boycott motivation. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 5(1), 134–152. https://doi.org/10.47700/jiefes.v5i1.7755
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