Main Article Content

Abstract

Purpose – This study aims to examine the influence of promotion, Sharia financial literacy, and risk on the investment decision of Generation Z in Islamic mutual funds through their Bibit application.
Methodology – Thei study employed a quantitative approach involving 172 Generation Z respondents. Primary data were collected using questionnaires, and the analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling with partial least squares (SEM-PLS) through SmartPLS 3.2.9 to evaluate the relationships between variables.
Findings – The results indicate that promotion, Sharia financial literacy, and perceived risk have a positive and significant effect on investment intention in Islamic mutual funds. Among these variables, Sharia financial literacy showed the strongest influence, followed by perceived risk and promotion. The positive effect of perceived risk suggests that Generation Z investors who are more aware of potential risks tend to exhibit higher investment decisions, as risk awareness enhances preparedness, confidence, and informed decision-making rather than discouraging participation.
Implications – The strong effect of Sharia financial literacy underscores the importance of educational programs and financial knowledge dissemination targeted at Geineiration Z. Financial service providers are encouraged to einhancei promotional strategies and maintain transparent risk commuinication to build trust and increiasei participation in Islamic mutual funds.
Originality – This reiseiarch einricheis thei liteiratuirei on Islamic digital investment behavior among Generation Z by integrating behavioral aspeicts of financial liteiracy and peirceiiveid risk in thei conteixt of digital inveistmeint applications. Thei stuidy provideis neiw insights into how youing, teichnology orieinteid Muislim inveistors eingagei with Sharia-compliant investment platforms.

Keywords

Promotion Islamic Financial Literacy Risk Interest Generation Z Islamic Mutual Funds Bibit Application

Article Details

How to Cite
Majid, H., & Majid, R. (2026). Key factors influencing Generation Z participation in Islamic mutual funds in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Islamic Management (AJIM), 7(2), 324–341. https://doi.org/10.20885/AJIM.vol7.iss2.art9

References

  1. Abdinegoro, B., Santoso, B., & Hidayati, S. A. (2023). Pengaruh heuristic biases terhadap pengambilan keputusan investasi saham (studi pada investor saham di Kota Mataram). Media Bina Ilmiah, 17(12), 3031–3044. https://doi.org/10.33758/mbi.v17i12.393
  2. Abdullah, M. A., & Anderson, A. (2015). Islamic financial literacy among bankers in Kuala Lumpur. Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research, 3(2), 79–84. https://doi.org/10.24191/jeeir.v3i2.6408 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24191/jeeir.v3i2.6408
  3. Agusta, C., & Yanti, H. B. (2022). Pengaruh risk perception dan herding terhadap pengambilan keputusan investasi. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 2(2), 1179–1188. https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v2i2.14443 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v2i2.14443
  4. Ahmed, Z., Rasool, S., Saleem, Q., Khan, M. A., & Kanwal, S. (2022). Mediating role of risk perception between behavioral biases and investor’s investment decisions. SAGE Open, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221097394 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221097394
  5. Almansour, B. Y., Elkrghli, S., & Almansour, A. Y. (2023). Behavioral finance factors and investment decisions: A mediating role of risk perception. Cogent Economics and Finance, 11(2), Article 2239032. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2023.2239032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2023.2239032
  6. Alshater, M. M., Hassan, M. K., Khan, A., & Saba, I. (2021). Influential and intellectual structure of Islamic finance: A bibliometric review. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 14(2), 339–365. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-08-2020-0419 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-08-2020-0419
  7. Aristiwati, I. N., & Hidayatullah, S. K. (2021). Pengaruh herding dan overconfidence terhadap keputusan investasi (studi pada nasabah emas kantor pegadaian ungaran). Among Makarti, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.52353/ama.v14i1.202 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52353/ama.v14i1.202
  8. Badriatin, T., Rinandiyana, L. R., & San Marino, W. (2022). Persepsi risiko dan sikap toleransi risiko terhadap keputusan investasi mahasiswa. Jurnal Perspektif, 20(2), 158–163. https://doi.org/10.31294/jp.v17i2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31294/jp.v20i2.13596
  9. Bastomi, M., & Sudaryanti, D. (2024). The influence of Islamic capital market literacy toward intention to invest in Islamic capital market: Does risk perception mediate the relationship? Journal of Accounting and Investment, 25(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.18196/jai.v25i1.19630 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jai.v25i1.19630
  10. Bauer, R. A. (1960). Consumer behavior as risk taking. In Proceedings of the 43rd National Conference of the American Marketing Association, June 15, 16, 17, Chicago, Illinois, 1960 (389–398). American Marketing Association.
  11. Biancone, P. P., Saiti, B., Petricean, D., & Chmet, F. (2020). The bibliometric analysis of Islamic banking and finance. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 11(10), 2069–2086. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-08-2020-0235 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-08-2020-0235
  12. Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Dalam G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern methods for business research (295–336). Psychology Press.
  13. Cui, F., Liu, Y., Chang, Y., Duan, J., & Li, J. (2016). An overview of tourism risk perception. Natural Hazards, 82(1), 643–658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2208-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2208-1
  14. Cunningham, M. S. (1967). The major dimensions of perceived risk. In D. F. Cox (Ed.), Risk taking and information handling in consumer behavior. Harvard University Press.
  15. Dawes, J. (2008). Do data characteristics change according to the number of scale points used? An experiment using 5-point, 7-point and 10-point scales. International Journal of Market Research, 50(1), 61–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/147078530805000106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/147078530805000106
  16. Djuwita, D., & Yusuf, A. A. (2018). Tingkat literasi keuangan syariah di kalangan UMKM dan dampaknya terhadap perkembangan usaha. Al-Amwal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syari’ah, 10(1), 105–127. https://doi.org/10.24235/amwal.v10i1.2837 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24235/amwal.v10i1.2837
  17. Ekuitas, S., Selviana, S., & Pertiwi, R. R. (2025). Analisis literasi dan inklusi terhadap keputusan Gen Z berinvestasi pada reksadana syariah. EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan), 6(3), 438–448. https://doi.org/10.47065/ekuitas.v6i3.6634 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47065/ekuitas.v6i3.6634
  18. Ernasari, D., Suhardi, S., & Firdaus, R. (2025). The influence of social media and financial education on investment interest with investment promotion as a mediation variable. Economic: Journal of Economic and Business, 4(2), 150–159. https://doi.org/10.56495/ejeb.v4i2.1002
  19. Fahmi, I. (2015). Pengantar teori portofolio dan analisis investasi. Alfabeta.
  20. Featherman, M. S., & Pavlou, P. A. (2003). Predicting e-services adoption: A perceived risk facets perspective. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 59(4), 451–474. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00111-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00111-3
  21. Ferdinand, A. (2014). Metode penelitian manajemen: Pedoman penelitian untuk penulisan skripsi, tesis, dan disertasi ilmu manajemen (Eds. 5). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
  22. Firamadhina, F. I. R., & Krisnani, H. (2020). Perilaku generasi Z terhadap penggunaan media sosial TikTok: TikTok sebagai media edukasi dan aktivisme. Share: Social Work Journal, 10(2), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v10i2.31443 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v10i2.31443
  23. Forsythe, S. M., Liu, C., Shannon, D., & Gardner, L. C. (2006). Development of a scale to measure the perceived benefits and risks of online shopping. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 20(2), 55–75. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.20061 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.20061
  24. Ghozali, I. (2008). Model persamaan struktural: Konsep dan aplikasi dengan program AMOS 16.0. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
  25. Ghozali, I. (2021). Partial least squares: Konsep, teknik, dan aplikasi menggunakan program SmartPLS 3.2.9 (Eds. 3). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
  26. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer Nature. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
  27. Hartono, J. (2017). Teori portofolio dan analisis investasi (Eds. 11). BPFE.
  28. Huston, S. J. (2010). Measuring financial literacy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 296–316. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01170.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01170.x
  29. Irfany, M. I., Khairunnisa, Y., & Tieman, M. (2024). Factors influencing Muslim Generation Z consumers’ purchase intention of environmentally friendly halal cosmetic products. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(1), 221–243. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-07-2022-0202 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-07-2022-0202
  30. Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263–291. https://doi.org/10.2307/1914185 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1914185
  31. Katadata. (2022, 23 Maret). Jumlah investor pasar modal tembus 8,5 juta per Februari 2022. Databoks. katadata. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/03/23/jumlah-investor-pasar-modal-tembus-85-juta-per-februari-2022
  32. Khan, A., Rizvi, S. A. R., Ali, M., & Haroon, O. (2021). A survey of Islamic finance research–Influences and influencers. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 69, Article 101437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101437 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101437
  33. Kim, D. J., Ferrin, D. L., & Rao, H. R. (2008). A trust-based consumer decision-making model in electronic commerce: The role of trust, perceived risk, and their antecedents. Decision Support Systems, 44(2), 544–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2007.07.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2007.07.001
  34. Kotler, P., & Gertner, D. (2007). Country as brand, product and beyond: A place marketing and brand management perspective. In N. Morgan, A. Pritchard, & R. Pride (Eds.), Destination branding (Eds 2, 55–71). Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080477206-13
  35. Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2021). Manajemen pemasaran (Eds 13, Jilid 2). Erlangga.
  36. Kustodian Sentral Efek Indonesia.(2024). Statistik pasar modal Indonesia - Januari 2024. https://www.ksei.co.id/publications/statistic
  37. Lestari, I. D., Saniagi, M. R., Alviyanto, F., & Abadi, M. T. (2023). Perkembangan reksadana syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 1(4), 182–190. https://doi.org/10.61722/jiem.v1i4.333
  38. Lubis, D., Wahyuni, K. T., Mahanani, Y., & Riyadi, A. H. (2022). Why does the young generation invest in sharia mutualfunds on the Bibit platform?. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam. 8(2), 264–279. https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol8.iss2.art9
  39. Majid, R. (2024). What drives prospective investors to support small and medium enterprises via Islamic securities crowdfunding? An mpirical evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(11), .3174–3194. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-11-2023-0375 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-11-2023-0375
  40. Majid, R., & Nugraha, R. A. (2022). Crowdfunding and Islamic securities: The role of financial literacy. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 8(1), 89–112. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v8i1.1420 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v8i1.1420
  41. Margaretha, F., & Pambudhi, R. A. (2015). Tingkat literasi keuangan pada mahasiswa S-1 fakultas ekonomi. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 17(1), 76–85. https://doi.org/10.9744/jmk.17.1.76-85 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9744/jmk.17.1.76-85
  42. McCole, P., Ramsey, E., & Williams, J. (2010). Trust considerations on attitudes towards online purchasing: The moderating effect of privacy and security concerns. Journal of Business Research, 63(9–10), 1018–1024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.02.025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.02.025
  43. Mubarok, J., Umam, K., Nugraheni, D. B., Antoni, V., Syafei, K., & Primdanasetio, S. (2021). Ekonomi syariah bagi perguruan tinggi hukum strata 1. Departemen Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah – Bank Indonesia.
  44. Mukmin, M., Gunawan, A., Arif, M., & Jufrizen, J. (2021). Pengujian konstruk literasi keuangan mahasiswa. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis, 22(2), 291–303. https://doi.org/10.30596/jimb.v22i2.7080 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/jimb.v22i2.7080
  45. Nengsih, T. A., Arsa, A., & Putri, P. S. (2021). Determinan minat menabung masyarakat di bank syariah: Studi empiris di kota Jambi. Perbanas Journal of Business and Banking, 11(1), 93–111. https://doi.org/10.14414/jbb.v11i1.2599 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14414/jbb.v11i1.2599
  46. Ni’am, Z. B. (2023). Pengaruh pengetahuan, risiko, promosi terhadap minat berinvestasi reksa dana bagi generasi Z. JAE (Jurnal Akuntansi dan Ekonomi), 8(1), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.29407/jae.v8i1.19626 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29407/jae.v8i1.19626
  47. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2016). Penetapan bibit tumbuh bersama sebagai penyelenggara layanan pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi. Surat Keputusan Dewan Komisioner OJK No. 1/KDK.03/2016. https://wplibrary.co.id/sites/default/files/77_POJK.01_2016 %5BHO%5D.pdf
  48. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2024). Statistik reksa dana syariah - Januari 2024. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-reksa-dana-syariah/default.aspx
  49. Özdemir, M., & Selçuk, M. (2021). A bibliometric analysis of the International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 14(4), 767–791. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-06-2020-0277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-06-2020-0277
  50. Pranyoto, E., Susanti, S., & Septiyani, S. (2020). Herding behavior, experienced regret dan keputusan investasi pada bitcoin. Jurnal Bisnis Darmajaya, 6(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.30873/jbd.v6i1.1928
  51. Putra, Y. S. (2016). Theoretical review: Teori perbedaan generasi. Among Makarti, 9(2), 123–134. http://doi.org/10.52353/ama.v9i2.142 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52353/ama.v9i2.142
  52. Quintal, V. A., Lee, J. A., & Soutar, G. N. (2010). Risk, uncertainty and the theory of planned behavior: A tourism example. Tourism Management, 31(6), 797–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.08.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.08.006
  53. Rahmi, M., Sholihah, D. R., & Nopiyanti, A. (2023). Millennial generation intentions in the Islamic capital market. International Journal of Emerging Issues in Islamic Studies, 3(1), 49–67. https://doi.org/10.31098/ijeiis.v3i1.1351 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31098/ijeiis.v3i1.1351
  54. Rangkuti, F. (2013). Strategi promosi yang kreatif dan analisis kasus (Eds. 3). Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
  55. Remund, D. L. (2010). Financial literacy explicated: The case for a clearer definition in an increasingly complex economy. The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 276–295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01169.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01169.x
  56. Safira, I., Ikramuddin, I., & Jullimursyida, J. (2024). Pengaruh brand image, kepercayaan, kepuasan pelanggan dan promosi terhadap loyalitas merek smartphone vivo (studi kasus pada masyarakat Kota Lhokseumawe). Jurnal Visioner & Strategis, 13(1), 27–32. https://ojs.unimal.ac.id/visi/article/view/18288
  57. Sarwan, M., & Natsir, M. (2023). Comparative analysis of the level of financial literacy between FEB and non-FEB UHO students. In Proceedings of the Indonesian Annual Conference Series (IACS) (91–96). Universitas Halu Oleo. https://ojs.literacyinstitute.org/index.php/iacseries/article/view/1117
  58. Sesri, S., Zed, E. Z., & Mulyani, T. (2025). Impact of risk perception and financial literacy on Gen Z investors’ investment decision-making in Jabodetabek region. Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah, 7(6). https://doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v7i6.7183 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v7i6.7183
  59. Shefrin, H., & Statman, M. (2000). Behavioral portfolio theory. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 35(2), 127–151. https://doi.org/10.2307/2676187 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2676187
  60. Simamora, B. (2002). Panduan riset perilaku konsumen. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
  61. Sobaih, A. E. E., & Elshaer, I. A. (2023). Risk-taking, financial knowledge, and risky investment intention: Expanding theory of planned behavior using a moderating-mediating model. Mathematics, 11(2), Article 292. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11020292 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/math11020453
  62. Subandono, F. (2023). Pengaruh literasi keuangan syariah, religiusitas, dan pendapatan terhadap minat investasi reksadana syariah generasi Z [Tesis master tidak diterbitkan]. Universitas Sebelas Maret. https://digilib.uns.ac.id/dokumen/detail/99561/Pengaruh-Literasi-Keuangan-Syariah-Religiusitas-dan-Pendapatan-Terhadap-Minat-Investasi-Reksadana-Syariah-Generasi-Z
  63. Sugiyono. (2023). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (Eds. 3). Alfabeta.
  64. Sumarwan, U., Puspitawati, H., Hariadi, A., Ali, M. M., Gazali, M., Hartono, S., & Farina, T. (2011). Riset pemasaran dan konsumen. IPB Press.
  65. Sunarsih, U., & Umaaya, Z. (2025). Determinan keputusan Generasi Z dalam investasi reksa dana syariah dengan trust sebagai variabel mediator. Akurasi: Jurnal Studi Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 7(3), 293–312. https://doi.org/10.36407/akurasi.v7i3.1750
  66. Suryaningsih, B. N. A. D. (2019). Pengaturan reksadana syariah dalam konstruksi hukum positif di Indonesia. Media Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 10(1), 17–32. https://doi.org/10.31764/jmk.v10i1.1101 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jmk.v10i1.1101
  67. Taylor, J. W. (1974). The role of risk in consumer behavior. Journal of Marketing, 38(2), 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224297403800211 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224297403800211
  68. Utami, E. M., Yuliani, R., & Fatihat, G. G. (2024). Financial literacy as mediates of financial attitude and intention to invest in Shariah. Asian International Journal of Business Studies, 4(2), 136–146. https://doi.org/10.54099/aijbs.v4i2.1096
  69. Walstad, W. B., Rebeck, K., & MacDonald, R. A. (2010). The effects of financial education on the financial knowledge of high school students. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 336–357. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01172.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01172.x
  70. Wendy, W. (2024). The nexus between financial literacy, risk perception and investment decisions: Evidence from Indonesian investors. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 21(3), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.21(3).2024.12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.21(3).2024.12
  71. Wirayana, I. M. A. (2023). Pengaruh heuristik pada keputusan investasi generasi muda di Kota Denpasar. KOLONI, 2(1), 262–269. https://doi.org/10.31004/koloni.v2i1.441
  72. Wolff, K., Larsen, S., & Øgaard, T. (2019). How to define and measure risk perceptions. Annals of Tourism Research, 79, Article 102759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102759 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102759
  73. Yang, C. L., & Nair, V. (2014). Risk perception study in tourism: Are we really measuring perceived risk? Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 144, 322–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.302
  74. Yi, J., Yuan, G., & Yoo, C. (2020). The effect of the perceived risk on the adoption of the sharing economy in the tourism industry: The case of Airbnb. Information Processing & Management, 57(1), Article 102108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2019.102108 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2019.102108
  75. Yuan, T., Honglei, Z., Xiao, X., Ge, W., & Xianting, C. (2021). Measuring perceived risk in sharing economy: A classical test theory and item response theory approach. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 96, Article 102980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102980 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102980
  76. Zakiah, F., Rosyidah, N., & Gufron, M. (2023). Pengaruh reksadana syariah, sukuk dan saham syariah terhadap produk domestik bruto (PDP) per kapita. Ekosiana: Jurnal Ekonomi Syari’ah, 10(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.47077/ekosiana.v10i1.258 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47077/ekosiana.v10i1.258