Main Article Content
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem globally, with West Java reporting the highest number of TB cases among all provinces in Indonesia in 2023. This study aims to identify key factors influencing TB incidence across districts and cities in West Java in 2024. The analysis focuses on healthy living behaviors, proper sanitation, HIV cases, and AIDS cases using a Negative Binomial Regression approach to address overdispersion in count data. The results show that proper sanitation has a significant negative association with TB incidence, while HIV and AIDS cases exhibit significant positive associations. The best-performing model includes these three variables, yielding a residual deviance of 27.615. These findings highlight the importance of integrated public health interventions that simultaneously improve sanitation and strengthen HIV/AIDS control programs to effectively reduce TB incidence in high-burden regions.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Aufa Fikriya, Shalfa Salsabilla, Raisah Zharifah Labibah, Sri Winarni, Defi Yusti Faidah, Anindya Apriliyanti Pravitasari, Triyani Hendrawati, Irlandia Ginanjar
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References
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan Program Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis. 2024.
Presiden Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 67 Tahun 2021 Tentang Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis. 2021.
Plumlee CR, Duffy FJ, Gern BH, Delahaye JL, Cohen SB, Stoltzfus CR, et al. Ultra-low Dose Aerosol Infection of Mice with Mycobacterium tuberculosis More Closely Models Human Tuberculosis. Cell Host Microbe 2021;29:68-82.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.10.003.
Chiyaka TL, Nyawo GR, Naidoo CC, Moodley S, Clemente JC, Malherbe ST, et al. PneumoniaCheck, a novel aerosol collection device, permits capture of airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis and characterisation of the cough aeromicrobiome in people with tuberculosis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2024;23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-024-00735-x.
Dhand R, Li J. Coughs and Sneezes: Their Role in Transmission of Respiratory Viral Infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020;202:651–9. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202004-1263PP.
Global Tuberculosis Report 2023. World Health Organization; 2023.
Lengari M, Weraman P, Syamruth YK, Putu Ruliati L, Adu AA. Spatial Autocorrelation of Population Density, HIV/AIDS, and Diabetes Mellitus with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Medicine 2025;10:93–104. https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2025.10.02.01.
The Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. REVISED NATIONAL STRATEGY OF TUBERCULOSIS CARE AND PREVENTION IN INDONESIA 2020-2024 AND INTERIM PLAN FOR 2025-2026. n.d.
Stoklosa J, Blakey R V., Hui FKC. An Overview of Modern Applications of Negative Binomial Modelling in Ecology and Biodiversity. Diversity (Basel) 2022;14. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14050320.
Diantara LB, Hasyim H, Septeria IP, Sari DT, Wahyuni GT, Anliyanita R.
TUBERKULOSIS MASALAH KESEHATAN DUNIA: TINJAUAN LITERATUR.
Jurnal ’Aisyiyah Medika 2022;7. https://doi.org/10.36729/jam.v7i2.855.
Liyew AM, Clements ACA, Akalu TY, Gilmour B, Alene KA. Ecological-level factors associated with tuberculosis incidence and mortality: A systematic review and metaanalysis. PLOS Global Public Health 2024;4. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003425.
Mahato RK, Htike KM, Koro AB, Yadav RK, Sharma V, Kafle A, et al. Spatial autocorrelation with environmental factors related to tuberculosis prevalence in Nepal, 2020–2023. Infect Dis Poverty 2025;14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-025-01283-y.
Muna N, Cahyati WH. Determinan Kejadian Tuberkulosis pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS. HIGEIA JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT 2019. https://doi.org/10.15294/higeia/v3i2/24857.
Hakim RN. PENGARUH JUMLAH KASUS HIV/AIDS DAN CAKUPAN RUMAH
SEHAT TERHADAP JUMLAH KASUS TUBERKULOSIS DI PROVINSI JAWA
TIMUR. 2018.
Pardoe I. Applied Regression Modeling, Third Edition. 2021.
Gujarati DN, Porter DC. Basic Economics, Fifth Edition. n.d.
Al Haris M, Arum PR. NEGATIVE BINOMIAL REGRESSION AND
GENERALIZED POISSON REGRESSION MODELS ON THE NUMBER OF
TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN CENTRAL JAVA. Barekeng 2022;16:471–82.
https://doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol16iss2pp471-482.
Shrestha N. Detecting Multicollinearity in Regression Analysis. Am J Appl Math Stat 2020;8:39–42. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajams-8-2-1.
Johnson RA, Bhattacharyya GK. Statistics Principles and Methods, 6th Edition n.d.
Portet S. A primer on model selection using the Akaike Information Criterion. Infect Dis Model 2020;5:111–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2019.12.010.
Adenomon MO, Akinyemi GS. Trend Analysis of Tuberculosis Cases and the Effect of HIV Cases on Tuberculosis Cases in Some West African Countries Using Panel Poisson and Negative Binomial Regression Models 2019. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201910.0362.v1.