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Abstract
This paper aims to study the concept of state in Medina treaty and in the Jakarta charter perspective by comparative method. First, the writer describes historically Medina treaty and its authenticity then explains how the state concept through understanding the concept of ummah. Second, the writer describes the concept of nation in the Jakarta charter. Those two concepts then are compared and analyzed by theory of state which in this writing limited in two aspects, i.e. element of nation fulfillment and the relationship between religion and nation, as frame of reference. The writer then concludes that both of them have similarity on the certain cases and neither have they on the others.