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cover JIF 18(1) 2022
Submitted
August 25, 2020
Accepted
February 17, 2021
Published
July 31, 2022
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Abstract

Background: The leaves of gempol (N. orientalis L.), a family of Rubiaceae, have antibacterial activity.
Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the antibacterial activity of gempol leaf ethanolic extract and its fractions.
Methods: The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the disk diffusion method. The positive and negative controls used were a disk of 10 μg gentamicin and 10% DMSO solution, respectively. The test solution concentrations for each sample, including for the ethanolic extract, hexane fraction, ethyl acetate, and residue of gempol leaves, were 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 5%.
Results: The antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract, hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and residue of gempol leaves against E. coli and S. aureus was significantly different from each other. The residue had the highest antibacterial activity followed by that of the ethyl acetate fraction, hexane fraction, and ethanolic extract.
Conclusion: The antibacterial activity of gempol leaves against S. aureus was greater than against E. coli.
Keywords: Gempol, Nauclea orientalis, extract, fractions, antibacterial, diffusion


Intisari
Latar Belakang: Daun gempol (N. orientalis L.) merupakan salah satu famili Rubiaceae yang telah diketahui memiliki aktivitas anthelmintik dan antibakteri.
Tujuan: penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri berdasarkan zona hambat ekstrak etanol dan fraksi daun gempol.
Metode: yang digunakan ialah metode difusi cakram yang menghasilkan diameter zona hambat sebagai hasil dari uji aktivitas antibakteri. Kontrol positif yang digunakan yaitu cakram gentamisin 10 μg sedangkan kontrol negatif yang digunakan yaitu DMSO 10%. Larutan uji meliputi ekstrak etanol, fraksi heksana, etil asetat, dan residu daun gempol dengan masing-masing konsentrasi yaitu 0,25%; 0,5%; 1%; 2%; dan 5%.
Hasil: Aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol, fraksi heksan, etil asetat dan residu daun gempol terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Residu memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi diikuti oleh fraksi etil asetat, fraksi heksana dan ekstrak etanol.
Kesimpulan: Aktivitas antibakteri pada S. aureus lebih besar dari pada E. coli.
Kata kunci: Gempol, Nauclea orientalis, ekstrak, fraksi, antibakteri, difusi

Keywords

Gempol Nauclea orientalis antibacterial diffusion

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