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Latar Belakang: Hipertensi pada kehamilan ditandai dengan meningkatnya tekanan darah di atas 140/90 mmHg. Dua jenis terapi antihipertensi yang digunakan pada ibu hamil yaitu nifedipin dan metildopa yang memiliki perbedaan di mekanisme kerja dalam menurunkan tekanan darah.
Tujuan : Mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas terapi antihipertensi nifedipin dan metildopa pada pasien ibu hamil di RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin periode Januari-Desember 2018.
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 pasien hamil dengan kondisi hipertensi, yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok pengobatan yaitu kelompok nifedipin dan kelompok metildopa. Data tekanan darah diambil sebelum dan sesudah pengobatan yang diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien yang kemudian dianalisis dengan uji independent sample T-test dan Mann-Whitney U test.
Hasil penelitian: Nifedipin dapat menurunkan tekanan darah systole dari 159,33±13,34 menjadi 127,66±12,93 mmHg dan pada kelompok metildopa dari 162,67±12,23 menjadi 137,33±10,99 mmHg (p <0,05). Hasil MAP pasien sesudah mendapatkan terapi nifedipin yaitu 99,44 ± 10,15 mmHg dan pada terapi metildopa yaitu106,22 ± 7,65 mmHg (p <0,05).
Kesimpulan : terdapat perbedaan efektivitas penurunan tekanan darah pada kelompok nifedipin dan kelompok metildopa.
Kata Kunci : Nifedipin, Metildopa, Hipertensi
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Hak Cipta (c) 2023 Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi
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Referensi
- Brown M. A., Magee L. A., Kenny L. C., Karumanchi S. A., McCarthy F. P., Saito S., Hall D. R., Warren C. E., Adoyi G., & Ishaku S. (2018). Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Hypertension, 72(1), 24–43. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10803
- Butalia S., Audibert F., Côté A.-M., Firoz T., Logan A. G., Magee L. A., Mundle W., Rey E., Rabi D. M., Daskalopoulou S. S., & Nerenberg K. A. (2018). Hypertension Canada’s 2018 Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in Pregnancy. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 34(5), 526–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2018.02.021
- Dayani T. R., & Widyantari K. Y. (2023). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Ibu Hamil. Journal of Language and Health, 9(1), 1–10. https://jle.hse.ru/issue/view/1099/Volume 9 Issue 1
- Dublin S., Idu A., Avalos L. A., Cheetham T. C., Easterling T. R., Chen L., Holt V. L., Nance N., Bider-Canfield Z., Neugebauer R. S., Reynolds K., Badon S. E., & Shortreed S. M. (2022). Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Antihypertensive Treatment In Pregnancy: A Retrospective Cohort Study. PLoS ONE, 17, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268284
- Easterling T., Mundle S., Bracken H., Parvekar S., Mool S., Magee L. A., von Dadelszen P., Shochet T., & Winikoff B. (2019). Oral Antihypertensive Regimens (Nifedipine Retard, Labetalol, And Methyldopa) For Management of Severe Hypertension In Pregnancy: An Open-Label, Randomised Controlled Trial. The Lancet, 394(10203), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31282-6
- Garovic V. D., Dechend R., Easterling T., Karumanchi S. A., Baird S. M., Magee L. A., Rana S., & Vermunt J. V. (2022). Hypertension in Pregnancy : Diagnosis, Blood Pressure Goals, and Pharmacotherapy : In Hypertension (Vol. 79, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1161/HYP.0000000000000208.Hypertension
- Kundarto W., & Faizah R. N. (2021). Evaluasi Terapi Antihipertensi Pada Pasien Preeklampsia Berat di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Periode Januari - Juni Tahun 2017. JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research, 6(2), 228–237. https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v6i2.39487
- Ngene N. C., & Moodley J. (2020). Pre-eclampsia With Severe Features: Management of Antihypertensive Therapy In The Postpartum Period. Pan African Medical Journal, 36(216), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2020.36.216.19895
- Okamoto T., Watanabe K., Banno T., Saitou T., Sugiura K., Iwasaki A., Matsushita H., & Wakatsuki A. (2022). Amount of Proteinuria As Associated With Severity Classification of Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertension, 29, 30–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2022.05.009
- Purwanti S. (2022). Risiko Preeklampsia pada Ibu Bersalin di RSUD dr. Moch Ansari Saleh. JIKES: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan , 1(1), 47–52. http://qjurnal.my.id/index.php/jik/article/view/89
- Togarikar S. M. (2017). Efficacy of Methyldopa Versus Nifedipine In Mild and Severe Pregnancy Induced Hypertension. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(10), 4544–4548. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174439
- Vanwye W. R., Weatherholt A. M., Winchester L. J., Owens J. G., & Spears M. (2023). Cardiovascular Responses During Light-intensity Aerobic Exercise with Varying Levels of Limb Occlusion Pressures. International Journal of Exercise Science, 16(2), 676–687. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijes/vol16/iss2/12
- Yana A. U., Brata C., & Irawati S. (2023). Studi Penggunaan Antihipertensi pada Pasien Preeklampsia Rawat Jalan di Poliklinik Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Surabaya. Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(2), 319–326. https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v14i2.3893
Referensi
Brown M. A., Magee L. A., Kenny L. C., Karumanchi S. A., McCarthy F. P., Saito S., Hall D. R., Warren C. E., Adoyi G., & Ishaku S. (2018). Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Hypertension, 72(1), 24–43. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10803
Butalia S., Audibert F., Côté A.-M., Firoz T., Logan A. G., Magee L. A., Mundle W., Rey E., Rabi D. M., Daskalopoulou S. S., & Nerenberg K. A. (2018). Hypertension Canada’s 2018 Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in Pregnancy. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 34(5), 526–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2018.02.021
Dayani T. R., & Widyantari K. Y. (2023). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Ibu Hamil. Journal of Language and Health, 9(1), 1–10. https://jle.hse.ru/issue/view/1099/Volume 9 Issue 1
Dublin S., Idu A., Avalos L. A., Cheetham T. C., Easterling T. R., Chen L., Holt V. L., Nance N., Bider-Canfield Z., Neugebauer R. S., Reynolds K., Badon S. E., & Shortreed S. M. (2022). Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Antihypertensive Treatment In Pregnancy: A Retrospective Cohort Study. PLoS ONE, 17, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268284
Easterling T., Mundle S., Bracken H., Parvekar S., Mool S., Magee L. A., von Dadelszen P., Shochet T., & Winikoff B. (2019). Oral Antihypertensive Regimens (Nifedipine Retard, Labetalol, And Methyldopa) For Management of Severe Hypertension In Pregnancy: An Open-Label, Randomised Controlled Trial. The Lancet, 394(10203), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31282-6
Garovic V. D., Dechend R., Easterling T., Karumanchi S. A., Baird S. M., Magee L. A., Rana S., & Vermunt J. V. (2022). Hypertension in Pregnancy : Diagnosis, Blood Pressure Goals, and Pharmacotherapy : In Hypertension (Vol. 79, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1161/HYP.0000000000000208.Hypertension
Kundarto W., & Faizah R. N. (2021). Evaluasi Terapi Antihipertensi Pada Pasien Preeklampsia Berat di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Periode Januari - Juni Tahun 2017. JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research, 6(2), 228–237. https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v6i2.39487
Ngene N. C., & Moodley J. (2020). Pre-eclampsia With Severe Features: Management of Antihypertensive Therapy In The Postpartum Period. Pan African Medical Journal, 36(216), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2020.36.216.19895
Okamoto T., Watanabe K., Banno T., Saitou T., Sugiura K., Iwasaki A., Matsushita H., & Wakatsuki A. (2022). Amount of Proteinuria As Associated With Severity Classification of Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertension, 29, 30–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2022.05.009
Purwanti S. (2022). Risiko Preeklampsia pada Ibu Bersalin di RSUD dr. Moch Ansari Saleh. JIKES: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan , 1(1), 47–52. http://qjurnal.my.id/index.php/jik/article/view/89
Togarikar S. M. (2017). Efficacy of Methyldopa Versus Nifedipine In Mild and Severe Pregnancy Induced Hypertension. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(10), 4544–4548. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174439
Vanwye W. R., Weatherholt A. M., Winchester L. J., Owens J. G., & Spears M. (2023). Cardiovascular Responses During Light-intensity Aerobic Exercise with Varying Levels of Limb Occlusion Pressures. International Journal of Exercise Science, 16(2), 676–687. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijes/vol16/iss2/12
Yana A. U., Brata C., & Irawati S. (2023). Studi Penggunaan Antihipertensi pada Pasien Preeklampsia Rawat Jalan di Poliklinik Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Surabaya. Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(2), 319–326. https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v14i2.3893