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Submitted
June 6, 2023
Accepted
August 15, 2023
Published
August 31, 2023
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Abstract

Background: Free radicals consist of one or more unpaired electrons in an outer orbit that causes them to be more reactive. This will lead to oxidative stress, which is one of the major causes of degenerative diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. Therefore, consuming sufficient antioxidants can prevent oxidative stress. Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br.) is one of the endemic medicinal plants in East Nusa Tenggara and is a resource of antioxidants that are supported by scientific evidence. Until now, information about the antioxidant compounds in Faloak was limited.
Objective: This study aims to identify active compounds in an 80% ethanol extract from faloak bark as antioxidants based on their TLC-bioautography profiles using an ABTS assay.
Method: The methods of this study start with the preparation of simplicia, fractination using kinetic maceration, compound group identification and TLC-bioautography, separation using column chromatography [stationary phase: silica H60; mobile phase: 2-propanol: chloroform: acetic acid glacial (5:1:0,5)], identification using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and antioxidant activity determination of the extract and isolate using an ABTS assay.
Result: Through this study, a subfraction (SFFE A) with a brown-red color and a blue spot under UV 365 nm and an Rf value of 0.65 was obtained. This subfraction (SFFE A) was predicted to be a polyphenol compound. The inhibition percentages of 125, 250, and 500 ppm successively are 80,93%; 95,54%; and 96,69%.
Conclusion: The active isolate of ethanol extracting 80% of the faloak stem bark is suspected to be a polyphenol group and has strong antioxidant activity.


Intisari
Latar belakang: Radikal bebas merupakan suatu molekul yang terdiri atas satu atau lebih elektron tanpa pasangan pada orbital terluar. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan tubuh mengalami stress oksidatif sehingga memicu munculnya berbagai penyakit degeneratif, seperti kanker, diabetes mellitus, serta stroke. Oleh karena itu, dengan mengonsumsi antioksidan yang cukup dapat mencegah stres oksidatif. Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat endemik di NTT (Nusa Tenggara Timur) yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai sumber antioksidan kuat yang didukung oleh studi ilmiah. Hingga saat ini, informasi terkait senyawa yang berperan langsung sebagai antioksidan pada tanaman ini masih terbatas.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa aktif dari ekstrak etanol 80% kulit batang faloak yang berperan sebagai antioksidan berdasarkan profil KLT-bioautografi dengan metode ABTS.
Metode: Metode kerja dimulai dengan preparasi simplisia, fraksinasi dengan metode maserasi kinetik, identifikasi golongan senyawa dan KLT bioautografi, pemisahan dengan kromatografi kolom [(fase diam: silika H60; fase gerak: 2-propanol:kloroform:asam asetat glasial (5:1:0,5)], dan identifikasi senyawa menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak dan isolate menggunakan metode ABTS.
Hasil: Melalui penelitian ini, didapatkan subfraksi (SFFE A) berwarna merah-kecoklatan yang memiliki noda berfluoresensi biru pada UV 366 dengan nilai Rf 0,65 dengan pengamatan UV 365 nm. Sub fraksi (SFFE A) yang didapatkan diduga merupakan senyawa golongan polifenol. Persentase inhibisi subfraksi pada konsentrasi 125, 250, dan 500 ppm secara berturut-turut adalah 80,93; 95,54; dan 96,69%.
Kesimpulan: Isolat aktif dari ekstrak etanol 80% kulit batang faloak diduga merupakan golongan polifenol dan memiliki aktivitas antioxidan yang kuat.
Kata kunci: faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br), antioksidan, isolasi, maserasi kinetik, kromatografi kolom

Keywords

faloak Sterculia quadrifida R. Br antioxidants isolation kinetic maceration column chromatography

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