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Submitted
September 11, 2019
Accepted
February 11, 2020
Published
April 30, 2020
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Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia has been a major problem for obstetric care in Indonesia due to risks of preterm birth and lower Apgar score.
Objective: This study is to examine relationships of preeclampsia, preterm births, and Apgar Score.
Methods: This used an analytic study with retrospective case-control design in Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital. A case group was taken by total sampling from medical records of all patients who had preterm delivery in 2017, and a control group of term deliveries was taken by random sampling. Then the data were analysed by using Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact Test.
Results: There were 80 samples for each group. 63.75% of patients by age of 20-35 years were who delivered preterm birth, 40.00% had normal BMI, 40.00% were nulliparous, 92.50% did not have history of preterm labour, 50.00% had preeclampsia with severe features, and 46.25% had spontaneous vaginal delivery. Around 47.14% neonates from preeclamptic women were born at 32-<37 weeks gestation, 50.00% were born with low birth weight, 52.86% had the first minute Apgar score <7, and 72.86% had the fifth minutes Apgar score =7. The statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between the preeclampsia and the preterm birth (p<0.007; OR=2.54, 95% CI 1.34-4.83). The preeclampsia was also related to lower Apgar score at 1st minute (p<0.042; OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.07-3.85) and 5th minute (p<0.046; OR=2.42, 95% CI 1.08-5.41). Preterm neonates born from preeclamptic mothers were related to lower Apgar score at 1st minute (p<0.002; OR=5.82, 95% CI 1.99-17.02) and 5th minute (p<0.001; OR 17.31, 95% CI 2.15-139.54).
Conclusion: Preeclampsia could make pregnant women at risks of delivering preterm birth and neonates with low Apgar score.

Keywords

preeclampsia preterm Apgar score case control

Article Details

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Author Biographies

Chiquita Febby Pragitara, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Faculty of Medicine (Student)

Risa Etika, Neonatology Division, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Neonatology Division, Department of Pediatrics (Head of Division)

Lilik Herawati, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Physiology Departement, Faculty of Medicine (Staff)

Aditiawarman Aditiawarman, Fetomaternal Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Fetomaternal Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Secretary of Department)
How to Cite
Pragitara, C. F., Etika, R., Herawati, L., & Aditiawarman, A. (2020). Risks of preterm birth and low Apgar score among preeclamptic women. JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan Indonesia, 11(1), 6–17. https://doi.org/10.20885/JKKI.Vol11.Iss1.art3
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