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Submitted
October 30, 2019
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August 31, 2020
Published
August 31, 2020
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Abstract

Background: Data on malnutrition in the developing countries showed that 1–3 elderly in every 5 elderly were malnourished. However, the data in Indonesia were limited. Malnutrition in elderly is often underdiagnosed and thus it usually goes undetected at earlier stage.
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine nutritional profile of elderly by using several indicators: anthropometry, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) Questionnaire, and dietary intake.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among community dwelling elderly (aged =60 years) and elderly in the institutional care. The outcome variables were prevalency of malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition) and macro and micronutrient intake. Nutrition profiles were assessed using anthropometry, MNA and 24-hour food recalls. Comparative analysis between continuous variables was conducted using Mann-Whitney or ANOVA. Differences between categorical variables were assessed using Chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact test.
Results: Based on BMI, in total, 1 in 2 elderly was either undernutrition or overnutrition. Based on MNA, 1 in 2 elderly were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Place of residency and gender were associated with the distribution of malnutrition in elderly (p<0.001). Approximately 1 in 2 elderly from the community dwelling group were overweight and obese whereas 1 in 3 elderly from the institutional care group were severely thin and thin. The intakes of 4 in 5 elderly were deficient in vitamin D, calcium, vitamin E and folate.
Conclusion: Elderly in our population group were experiencing the double burden of malnutrition and this coexisted with micronutrient deficiency.

Keywords

Malnutrition Elderly Micronutrient

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Author Biographies

Deasy Irawati, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram, Mataram

Department of Public Health

Ardiana Ekawanti, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram, Mataram

Department of Biochemistry

Anom Josafat, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram, Mataram

Department of Public Health
How to Cite
Irawati, D., Ekawanti, A., & Josafat, A. (2020). Nutritional profile in Indonesian elderly subpopulation. JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan Indonesia, 11(2), 121–129. https://doi.org/10.20885/JKKI.Vol11.Iss2.art4
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