Main Article Content
Abstract
COVID-19 continues to spread across the world, with more than 60 million confirmed cases in 220 countries. Since March 11, 2020, WHO announced the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. Impacts caused by COVID-19 are not only on the health sector but also economic, social, and political sectors. In a diagnosing process, the SARS-CoV-2 PCR results for swab specimen are a gold standard in determining confirmed COVID-19 cases. Previously, 2 repeated results of negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR become criteria of being recovered from COVID-19. Therefore, based on the latest guidelines from the Indonesian Ministry of Health revised on July 13th 2020, patients with no symptoms, mild to moderate symptoms, and severe symptoms are declared to be recovered if the patients meet the requirements of finished periods of isolation based on a doctor’s assessment. Confirmed cases with severe or critical symptoms are specially declared with one negative result of the PCR test plus three days without showing any symptoms. This case study discussed a 52-years-old woman diagnosed with COVID-19. PCR test for this patient had been conducted 11 times during 64 days of treatment, and its results turned to be always positive, failing to fulfil the discharge criteria. Therefore, it needs to determine causes of prolonged positive PCR results and impacts of clinical condition of the patients, and prognosis of the patients.
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References
Kemenkes. Pedoman pencegahan dan pengendalian coronavirus disease (covid-19) revisi ke-4 1. 2020;Edisi Ke-4.
Meo SA, Al-Khlaiwi Th, Usmani AM, Meo AS, Klonoff DC, Hoang TD. Biological and epidemiological trends in the prevalence and mortality due to outbreaks of novel coronavirus COVID-19. Journal Of King Saud University. 2020;32(April):2495–9.
WHO. Covid-19 Outbreak Situation. 2020.
Tugas G. Infogravis Covid-19 (7 Juni 2020). 2020.
Saxena SK. Coronavirus Disease 2019. Vol. 2019. 2019.
Liu J, Liu Y, Xiang P, Pu L, Xiong H, Li C, et al. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio predicts severe illness patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the early stage. 2020;807.
Sethuraman N, Jeremiah SS, Ryo A. Interpreting diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2020;323(22):2249-2251.
Robin Augustine, Suvarthi Das, Anwarul Hasan, Abhilash S, Shaheen Abdul Salam, Priya Augustine, et al. Rapid antibody-based COVID-19 mass surveillance: Relevance, challenges, and prospects in a pandemic and post-pandemic. World Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9: 1-26.
Song C-Y, Xu J, He J-Q, Lu Y-Q. COVID-19 early warning score: A multi-parameter screening tool to identify highly suspected patients. medRxiv. 2020:1-22.
Susilo A, Rumende CM, Pitoyo CW, Santoso WD, Yulianti M, Sinto R, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019: Tinjauan literatur terkini. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia. 2020;7(1):45–67.
NCID. Position statement from the national centre for infectious diseases and the chapter of infectious disease physicians. National Centre for Infectious Diseases. 2020;(May):1–5.
Wang K, Liu D. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with recurrent PCR positivity After hospital discharge. 2020:1–15.
Lan L, Xu D, Ye G, Xia C, Wang S, Li Y, et al. Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered From COVID-19. 2020;
Xing Y, Mo P, Xiao Y, Zhao O, Zhang Y, Wang F. Post-discharge surveillance and positive virus detection in two medical staff recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), China , January to February 2020. 2020;25(10):2000191. 15. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Pedoman pencegahan dan pengendalian Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Revisi 5. 2020;1–214.
Cheng H-Y, Jian S-W, Liu D-P, Ng T-C, Huang W-T, Lin H-H. Contact tracing assessment of COVID-19 transmission dynamics in Taiwan and risk at different exposure periods before and after symptom onset. JAMA Internal Medicine. 2020;1–8.
Lan F-Y, Wei C-F, Hsu Y-T, Christiani DC, Kales SN. Work-related COVID-19 transmission in six Asian countries/areas: A follow-up study. PLoS One. 2020;1–11.