Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin secreted by dendrite, which plays a role in differentiation, maturation, neuroplasticity, learning, and memory, which the expression decreases under stress conditions. Propolis contains chrysin which has antioxidant and neuroprotectant effects.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of propolis on BDNF expression in the hippocampus of stress-induced rats.
Methods: Experimental study using posttest only control group design. The subjects were 25 male Spraque-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus), four months old, weighing 200-300 grams. Rats were randomly divided into five groups: group N, did not receive any treatment; group K, received stress treatment; groups P1, P2, and P3, received stress treatment and followed by administered propolis at doses of 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg/day. Social isolation stress was carried out by putting one rat in one cage. Oral propolis administration used oral gavage. In the end, the rats were terminated and brain tissue was collected. Immunohistochemical staining using anti-BDNF antibodies was performed to make histological slides. Observations were made with a light microscope with 1000x magnification in the CA1 area of the hippocampus.
Results: There is a significant difference in BDNF expression in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in all groups (p=0.000). The highest BDNF expression was in the P3 group and the lowest in group K.
Conclusion: There is an effect of propolis on BDNF expression in the hippocampus of the stress-induced rat. Propolis dose of 100 mg/kgBW/day has increased BDNF expression.
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References
- Bathina S, Das UN. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical Implications. Arch Med Sci. 2015; 11 (6): 1164–1178.
- Autry AE, Monteggia LM. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Pharmacol Rev. 2012; 64: 238–258.
- Kuswati, Handayani ES, Nugraha ZS. Propolis increases neuronal count in hippocampal area CA1 and prefrontal cortex in stressed rats. Univmed. 2017; 36 (3):214-220.
- Hemmalini, Rao S. 2013. Anti stress of centella asiatica leaf extract on hippocampal CA3 neurons - a quatitative study. Int J Pharmacol and Clin Sci. 2013; 2:25-32.
- Alboni S, Tascedda F, Corsini D, Benatti C, Caggia F, Capone G, et al. Stress induces altered CRE/CREB pathway activity and BDNF expression in the hippocampus of glucocorticoid receptor-impaired mice. Neuropharmacology. 2011; 60: 1337-1346.
- Bath KG, Schilit A, Lee FS. Stress effect on BDNF expression: effect of age, sex and form of stress. Neuroscience. 2013; 239: 149–156.
- Braakhuis A. Evidence on the Health Benefifits of Supplemental Propolis. Nutrients. 2019; 11: 2705-2720.
- Kuswati, Handayani ES, Nugraha ZS, Rahmanti FA. Wicaksana ZL. Zhafirrahman M. 2019. Propolis inhibited Bax expression and increased neuronal count of hippocampal area CA1 in rats receiving sodium nitrite. Univ Med. 2019; 38: 99-106.
- Safari M, Sameni HR, Badban L, Bandegi AR, Vafaei AA, Pour AR, Ghahari L. Protective effect of water extracy of propolis on dopaminergic neurons, Brain derived neurotrophic factor and stress oxidative factors in the rat model of parkinson’s disease. International journal of pharmacology. 2015; 11(4): 300-308.
- Zlatkovic J, Filipovic D. Bax and B-cell-lymphoma 2 mediate proapoptotic signaling following chronic isolation stress in rat brain. Neuroscience 2012; 223: 238-45
- Allred DC, Harvey JM, Berardo M, et al. Prognostic and predictive factors in breast cancer by immunohistochemical analysis. Mod Pathol.1998;11:155–68.
- Berry A, Bellisario V, Capoccia S, Tirassa P, Calza A, Alleva E, Cirulli F. 2012. Social deprivationstress is a triggering factor for the emergence of anxiety- and depression-like behaviours and leads to reduced brain BDNF levels in C57BL/6J mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012; 37: 762—772.
- Cao M, Pu T, Wang L, Marshall C, He H, Hu G, Xiao M. Early enriched physical environment reverses impairments of the hippocampus, but not medial prefrontal cortex, of socially-isolated mice. Brain Behav Immun. 2017; 64: 232-243.
- Loganathan S, Rathinasamy S. Alteration in memory and electroencephalogram waves with sub-acute noise stress in albino rats and safeguarded by Scoparia dulcis. Phcog Mag. 2016;12:S7-S13.
- Bartsch T, Wulff P. The hippocampus in aging and disease : from plasticity to vulnerability. Neuroscience. 2015; 309 : 1-16
- Lormant F, Cornilleau F, Constantin P, Meurisse M, Lansade L, Leterrier C et al. Role of the hippocampus in spatial memory in japanese quail. Poultry Science. 2020; 99: 61-66.
- Annis F, Purnomo H, Balafif F. Pengaruh Ekstrak Propolis terhadap Apoptosis melalui Ekspresi Brain-Derived NeurotrophicFactor (BDNF) pada Sel Otak Tikus Model Cedera Otak Traumatik: Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya.2017; 29 (3): 209-15.
- Souza LC, Antunes MS, Filho CB,Fabbro LD, Gomes MG, Goes ATR, et al. Flavonoid Chrysin prevents age-related cognitive decline via attenuation of oxidative stress and modulation of BDNF levels in aged mouse brain. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior. 2015; 134: 22–30.
- Damayanti R, Fitri LE, Dalhar M. Pengaruh Pemberian Propolis terhadap Ekspresi INOS dan Kadar MDA pada Otak Tikus Model Cedera Otak Traumatik. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya. 2016; 29 ( 2): 110-116
- Husna U, Sujuti H, Dalhar M. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Propolis terhadap Ekspresi Bcl2 dan Apoptosis pada Sel Otak Tikus Model Cedera Otak Traumatik. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya. 2017; 29 (3); 196-201.
- Reis JSS, Oliveira GB, Monteiro MC, Machado CS. Antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities of an oil extract of propolis in rats. Phytomedicine. 2014; 21: 1466–1472.
References
Bathina S, Das UN. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical Implications. Arch Med Sci. 2015; 11 (6): 1164–1178.
Autry AE, Monteggia LM. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Pharmacol Rev. 2012; 64: 238–258.
Kuswati, Handayani ES, Nugraha ZS. Propolis increases neuronal count in hippocampal area CA1 and prefrontal cortex in stressed rats. Univmed. 2017; 36 (3):214-220.
Hemmalini, Rao S. 2013. Anti stress of centella asiatica leaf extract on hippocampal CA3 neurons - a quatitative study. Int J Pharmacol and Clin Sci. 2013; 2:25-32.
Alboni S, Tascedda F, Corsini D, Benatti C, Caggia F, Capone G, et al. Stress induces altered CRE/CREB pathway activity and BDNF expression in the hippocampus of glucocorticoid receptor-impaired mice. Neuropharmacology. 2011; 60: 1337-1346.
Bath KG, Schilit A, Lee FS. Stress effect on BDNF expression: effect of age, sex and form of stress. Neuroscience. 2013; 239: 149–156.
Braakhuis A. Evidence on the Health Benefifits of Supplemental Propolis. Nutrients. 2019; 11: 2705-2720.
Kuswati, Handayani ES, Nugraha ZS, Rahmanti FA. Wicaksana ZL. Zhafirrahman M. 2019. Propolis inhibited Bax expression and increased neuronal count of hippocampal area CA1 in rats receiving sodium nitrite. Univ Med. 2019; 38: 99-106.
Safari M, Sameni HR, Badban L, Bandegi AR, Vafaei AA, Pour AR, Ghahari L. Protective effect of water extracy of propolis on dopaminergic neurons, Brain derived neurotrophic factor and stress oxidative factors in the rat model of parkinson’s disease. International journal of pharmacology. 2015; 11(4): 300-308.
Zlatkovic J, Filipovic D. Bax and B-cell-lymphoma 2 mediate proapoptotic signaling following chronic isolation stress in rat brain. Neuroscience 2012; 223: 238-45
Allred DC, Harvey JM, Berardo M, et al. Prognostic and predictive factors in breast cancer by immunohistochemical analysis. Mod Pathol.1998;11:155–68.
Berry A, Bellisario V, Capoccia S, Tirassa P, Calza A, Alleva E, Cirulli F. 2012. Social deprivationstress is a triggering factor for the emergence of anxiety- and depression-like behaviours and leads to reduced brain BDNF levels in C57BL/6J mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012; 37: 762—772.
Cao M, Pu T, Wang L, Marshall C, He H, Hu G, Xiao M. Early enriched physical environment reverses impairments of the hippocampus, but not medial prefrontal cortex, of socially-isolated mice. Brain Behav Immun. 2017; 64: 232-243.
Loganathan S, Rathinasamy S. Alteration in memory and electroencephalogram waves with sub-acute noise stress in albino rats and safeguarded by Scoparia dulcis. Phcog Mag. 2016;12:S7-S13.
Bartsch T, Wulff P. The hippocampus in aging and disease : from plasticity to vulnerability. Neuroscience. 2015; 309 : 1-16
Lormant F, Cornilleau F, Constantin P, Meurisse M, Lansade L, Leterrier C et al. Role of the hippocampus in spatial memory in japanese quail. Poultry Science. 2020; 99: 61-66.
Annis F, Purnomo H, Balafif F. Pengaruh Ekstrak Propolis terhadap Apoptosis melalui Ekspresi Brain-Derived NeurotrophicFactor (BDNF) pada Sel Otak Tikus Model Cedera Otak Traumatik: Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya.2017; 29 (3): 209-15.
Souza LC, Antunes MS, Filho CB,Fabbro LD, Gomes MG, Goes ATR, et al. Flavonoid Chrysin prevents age-related cognitive decline via attenuation of oxidative stress and modulation of BDNF levels in aged mouse brain. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior. 2015; 134: 22–30.
Damayanti R, Fitri LE, Dalhar M. Pengaruh Pemberian Propolis terhadap Ekspresi INOS dan Kadar MDA pada Otak Tikus Model Cedera Otak Traumatik. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya. 2016; 29 ( 2): 110-116
Husna U, Sujuti H, Dalhar M. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Propolis terhadap Ekspresi Bcl2 dan Apoptosis pada Sel Otak Tikus Model Cedera Otak Traumatik. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya. 2017; 29 (3); 196-201.
Reis JSS, Oliveira GB, Monteiro MC, Machado CS. Antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities of an oil extract of propolis in rats. Phytomedicine. 2014; 21: 1466–1472.