Article Sidebar

Submitted
November 2, 2017
Accepted
April 24, 2018
Published
April 30, 2018
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 1621 Download : 1107

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: Inflammation is a protective physiological response to tissue injury that can be caused by harmful stimuli. If the inflammatory process is prolonged and cannot restore to homeostatic conditions, this may lead to pathological effects that can damage cells and cause various diseases. Elephantopus scaber is a plant that can easily be found in Indonesia. Elephantopus scaber is a type of plant that is often used as a traditional medicines. Several studies have shown that the compound bioactive content contained in plants has enormous potential as alternative medicine.
Objective: This present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scabe leaves.
Methods: The Elephantopus scaber leaves were extracted using ethanol solvent into different concentration (50 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL, and 120 mg/mL). Diclofenac sodium was used as the standard. Anti-inflammatory assays were performed by the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method and heat-induced hemolysis method. Phytochemical screening that used in the present study was a conventional method.
Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. In the present study, ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scaber leaves has anti inflammatory activity by protecting the stability of red blood cell membrane. The highest protection capability possessed by the ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scaber leaves in both human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method and heatinduced hemolysis method was at a concentration of 100 mg/mL.
Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Elephantophus scaber has antiinflammatory activities by in vitro assays.

Keywords

Anti-inflammatory activities ethanolic extract of Elephantophus scaber human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization heat-induced hemolysis membrane stabilization

Article Details

License

Authors who publish in the Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence that allows others to adapt (remix, transform, and build) upon the work non-commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia.
  2. Authors are permitted to share (copy and redistribute) the journal's published version of the work non-commercially (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia.
Author Biography

I Putu Sudayasa, Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia

Google Scholar: I Putu Sudayasa
How to Cite
Nurtamin, T., Sudayasa, I. P., & Tien, T. (2018). In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ethanolic Extract Elephantopus Scaber Leaves. JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan Indonesia, 9(1), 46–52. https://doi.org/10.20885/JKKI.Vol9.Iss1.art9
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Vane JR, Botting RM. Anti-inflammatory drugs and their mechanism of action. Inflammation Research. 1998;47(2):S78–87.
  2. Vane JR. The mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory drugs. In: Serhan CN, Perez HD, editors. Advances in Eicosanoid Research. Volume 31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2000. p. 1–23.
  3. Medzhitov R. Origin and physiological roles of inflammation. Nature. 2008;454(7203):428–423.
  4. Straub RH, Schradin C. Chronic inflammatory systemic diseases: An evolutionary trade-off between acutely beneficial but chronically harmful programs. Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health. 2016;2016(1):37–51.
  5. Carlo C, Nicolò CB. Prostaglandin E2: Igniting the fire. Immunology and Cell Biology. 2009;87(1):510–511.
  6. Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA. Prostaglandins and inflammation. Arteriosclerosis, Trombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2011;31(5):986–1000.
  7. Matsui H, Shimokawa O, Kaneko T, Nagano Y, Rai K, Hyodo I. The pathophysiology of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced mucosal injuries in stomach and small intestine. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition. 2011;48(2):107–11.
  8. Choi EM, Hwang JK. Screening of Indonesian medicinal plants for inhibitor activity on nitric oxide production of RAW264.7 cells and antioxidant activity. Fitoterapia. 2005;76(2):194–203.
  9. Hammer ML, Johns EA. Tapping an Amazônian plethora: Four medicinal plants of Marajó Island, Pará (Brazil). Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1993;40(1):53–75.
  10. Lin CC, Tsai CC, Yen MH. The evaluation of hepatoprotective effects of Taiwan folk medicine “teng-khia-u.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1995;45(2):113–23.
  11. Wang J, Li P, Li B, Guo Z, Kennelly EJ, Long C. Bioactivities of compounds from Elephantopus scaber, an ethnomedicinal plant from southwest China. 2014. (Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Volume 2014, Article ID 569594).
  12. Kim HP, Son KH, Chang HW, Kang SS. Anti-inflammatory plant flavonoids and cellular action mechanisms. Journal of Pharmacological Science. 2004;96(3):229–45.
  13. Kasote DM, Katyare SS, Hegde MV, Bae H. Significance of antioxidant potential of plants and its relevance to therapeutic applications. International Journal of Biological Sciences. 2015;11(8):982–991.
  14. Greenwell M, Rahman PK. Medicinal plants: Their use in anticancer treatment. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2015;6(10):4103–12.
  15. Hossain MA, Al-Raqmi KA, AL-Mijizy ZH, Weli AM, Al-Riyami Q. Study of total phenol, flavonoids content and phytochemical screening of various leaves crude extracts of locally grown Thymus vulgaris. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2013;3(9):705–10.
  16. Gupta V, Chauhan S, Prakash A, Mathur A. Evaluation of in vitro and invivo anti-inflammatory activities of Parthenium camphora. RRST. 2013;5(1):33–9.
  17. Beg S, Swain S, Hasan H, Barkat MA, Hussain MS. Systematic review of herbals as potential anti-inflammatory agents: Recent advances, current clinical status and future perspectives. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2011;5(10):120–37.
  18. Murugesan D, Deviponnuswamy R. Potential anti-inflammatory medicinal plants-A review. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2014;6(4):43–9.
  19. Hassan HS, Sule MI, Musa AM, Musa KY, Abubakar MS, Hassan AS. Anti-inflammatory activity of crude saponin extracts from five Nigerian medicinal plants. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines. 2011;9(2):250–5.
  20. Ribeiro D, Freitas M, Tomé SM, Silva AM, Laufer S, Lima JL, et al. Flavonoids inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and cytokine/chemokine production in human whole blood. Inflammation. 2015;38(2):858–70.
  21. Sun GY, Shelat PB, Jensen MB, He Y, Sun AY, Simonyi A. Phospholipases A2 and inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. NeuroMolecular Medicine. 2010;12(2):133–148.
  22. Bradley JR. TNF-mediated inflammatory disease. The Journal of Pathology. 2008;214(2):149–60.
  23. Shah BA, Chib R, Gupta P, Sethi VK, Koul S, Andotra SS, et al. Saponins as novel TNF-a inhibitors: Isolation of saponins and a nor-pseudoguaianolide from parthenium hysterophorus. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. 2009;7(16):3230–5.
  24. Park YM, Jong-Heon W, Kyung-Jin Y, Jong-Hoon R, Yong-Nam H, Seung-Ki C, et al. Preventive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBB) on the lipopolysaccharide-induced expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 via suppression of nuclear factor-?B in RAW 264.7 cells. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 2006;29(5):985–90.
  25. Hämäläinen M, Nieminen R, Vuorela P, Heinonen M, Moilanen E. Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids: genistein, kaempferol, quercetin, and daidzein inhibit STAT-1 and NF-?B activations, whereas flavone, isorhamnetin, naringenin, and pelargonidin inhibit only NF-?B activation along with their inhibitory effect on i. Mediators of Inflammation. 2007;2007:45673.
  26. Lee CJ, Chen LG, Liang WL, Wang CC. Anti-inflammatory effects of punica granatum linne invitro and in vivo. Food Chemistry. 2010;118(2):315–22.
  27. Park M, Cho H, Jung H, Lee H, Hwang KT. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of tannin fraction of the extract from black raspberry seeds compared to grape seeds. Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2014;38(3):259–70.
  28. Sharma JN, Al-Omran A, Parvathy SS. Role of nitric oxide in inflammatory diseases. Inflammopharmacology. 2007;15(6):252–9.