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Abstract
Banks often encounter obstacles in providing credit to debtors, such as bad debts. One solution to bad debts is for banks to take over collateral by purchasing the collateral and then reselling it to another party. There is a potential conflict between the Banking Law and the Mortgage Law, as the Mortgage Law only regulates collateral execution through general customers. If AYDA is carried out without an auction and without the debtor's consent, this could violate the principles of publicity and legal certainty. The type of research used is normative juridical, whose object is legal norms. The approach method used is a conceptual and regulatory approach, using primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected through literature studies and analyzed qualitatively. The process of the Assumed Collateral (AYDA) can be considered null and void by law because the agreement to voluntarily hand over the collateral which is the basis for the Assumed Collateral (AYDA) does not comply with the fourth condition for the validity of an agreement as stipulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code, namely "the existence of a lawful cause" because it is contrary to Article 12 and 20 paragraph (4) of the Mortgage Law.
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References
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Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata
Undang-Undang No.10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan
Undang-Undang No. 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Hak Tanggungan atas Tanah Beserta Benda-Benda yang Berkaitan dengan Tanah
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Surat Edaran Bank Indonesia Nomor 7/3/DPNP tanggal 31 Januari 2005 perihal Penilaian Kualitas Aktiva Bank Umum.
www.bi.go.id, diakses pada 2/08/2023
References
Abdurrahman, Ensiklopedia Ekonomi Keuangan dan Perdagangan, Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta, 1991.
Abd. Shomad, Hukum Islam Penormaan Prinsip Syariah dalam Hukum Indonesia, Kencana Prenada Media Group, Jakarta, 2012.
Gatot Supramono, Perbankan dan Masalah Kredit Suatu Tinjauan Yuridis, Djambatan, Jakarta, 1997.
Hermansyah, Hukum Perbankan Nasional Indonesia, Kencana Prenada Media Group, Jakarta, 2006.
__________, Hukum Perbankan Nasional Indonesia, Edisi Revisi, Kencana, Jakarta, 2009.
H. Salim HS, Perkembangan Hukum Jaminan Di Indonesia, PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta, 2004.
I. Made Sewandi, Balai Lelang: Kewenangan Balai Lelang dalam Penjualan Jaminan Kredit Macet, Yayasan Gloria, Yogyakarta, 2005.
Kasmir, Dasar-Dasar Hukum Perbankan, PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta, 2014.
M. Bahsan, Hukum Jaminan dan Jaminan Kredit Perbankan Indonesia, PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, Depok, 2015.
H.M. Arba dan Diman Ade Mulada, Hukum Hak Tanggungan, Jakarta: Sinar Grafik, 2020
Shidhartaa, Menuju Harmonisasi Sistem Hukum Sebagai Pilar Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir Indonesia, Bappenas, Jakarta, 2005.
Zainal Asikin, Pengantar Hukum Perbankan di Indonesia, PT. Raja Grafindo, Jakarta, 2015.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud, “Batas-Batas Kebebasan Berkontrak”, Yuridika, Vol.18, No. 3, Mei 2003.
Grace Ayu Prabandari, Agus Nurdin, Mujiono Hafidh Prasetya, “Penyelesaian Kredit Yang Dijamin Hak Tanggungan Dengan Ayda (Agunan Yang Diambil Alih) Bank Melalui Lelang”, Notarius, Vol. 14, No.1, 2021.
Nur Muhammad Dilapanga, “Agunan Yang Diambil Alih: Sebuah Mekanisme Dalam Penyelesaian Kredit Macet”, Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan, Vo.5, No.2, Maret 2021.
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata
Undang-Undang No.10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan
Undang-Undang No. 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Hak Tanggungan atas Tanah Beserta Benda-Benda yang Berkaitan dengan Tanah
Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 14/15/2012 tentang Penilaian Kualitas Aset Bank Umum
Surat Edaran Bank Indonesia Nomor 7/3/DPNP tanggal 31 Januari 2005 perihal Penilaian Kualitas Aktiva Bank Umum.
www.bi.go.id, diakses pada 2/08/2023