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Abstract
This study examines the legal tension surrounding the designation of abandoned land on parcels held under the Right to Cultivate (Hak Guna Usaha/HGU), a domain where the certainty of proprietary rights intersects with the constitutional mandate of land’s social function. The research aims to provide a systematic formulation of legal protection available to HGU holders and to analyze how the social function principle is operationalized in determining abandoned land. Employing a normative-juridical approach, the study relies on statutory regulations, doctrinal analysis, and jurisprudence—particularly the Supreme Court Decision No. 137 PK/TUN/2016—to construct a comparative framework. The findings reveal a multi-layered structure of legal protection: preventive safeguards embedded in Government Regulation No. 20/2021 and Ministerial Regulation of ATR/BPN No. 20/2021, which require clarification procedures, tiered warnings, and field inspections; administrative safeguards grounded in the General Principles of Good Governance (AUPB) and the right to file objections; and repressive safeguards through judicial review of administrative decisions before the Administrative Court. Substantively, HGU is characterized as a conditional and limited right, inherently subject to the land’s social function. Consequently, the classifications of land as “unutilized” or “neglected” must be contextually assessed with reference to licensing documents, development obligations, and verifiable field conditions. Through qualitative and prescriptive analysis of legal sources, this study formulates recommendations aimed at strengthening legal certainty while ensuring alignment with the state’s authority to regulate land use in the public interest.
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References
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Elmadiantini, Febrian, Annalisa Yahanan, and Firman Muntaqo. “Legal Consequences of Designating Cultivation Rights as Abandoned Land in the Context of Credit Collateral Objects.” Sriwijaya Law Review 9, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.Vol9.Iss1.4029.pp157-172.
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Sibuea, Valenta Audrey Christy. “Implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 20 Tahun 2021 Terhadap Pemanfaatan Dan Penerbitan Tanah Terlantar Yang Berasal Dari Tanah Hak Guna Usaha Melalui Pemberian Hak Milik Untuk Mewujudkan Reforma Agraria Di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Provinsi Riau.” Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, 2023.
Sibuea, Valenta Audrey Christy. “Implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 20 Tahun 2021 Terhadap Pemanfaatan Dan Penerbitan Tanah Terlantar Yang Berasal Dari Tanah Hak Guna Usaha Melalui Pemberian Hak Milik Untuk Mewujudkan Reforma Agraria Di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Provinsi Riau.” Skripsi, Universitas Atma Jaya, 2023.
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Sutaryono, Rohmat Junarto, Sukmo Pinuji, Jamaluddin Mahasari, and Dian Aries Mujiburohman. “Land Rights and Agrarian Reform in Forest Areas: A Basis for Sustainable Development.” International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 19, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.190122.
References
Anggles, Santo Yosep, Made Warka, and Nasution Krisnadi. “The Nature of Abandoned Land Control Regulation.” TECHNIUM Social Sciences Journal 32 (2022). https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v32i1.6557.
Dinulhai, Nabila Gina. “Penerapan Asas Kepastian Hukum Atas Tanah Terlantar Pada Pemilik Sertipikat Hak Milik Dihubungkan Dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 Tahun 2010 Tentang Penertiban SAN Pendayagunaan Tanah Terlantar.” Skripsi, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati, 2021.
Elbert, and Gustianus Fernando. “Analisa Hukum Atas Tanah Hak Milik Yang Terlantar Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 20 Tahun 2021 Tentang Penerbitan Kawasan Dan Tanah Terlantar.” Jurnal Hukum Adigama 4, no. 2 (2021).
Elmadiantini, Febrian, Annalisa Yahanan, and Firman Muntaqo. “Legal Consequences of Designating Cultivation Rights as Abandoned Land in the Context of Credit Collateral Objects.” Sriwijaya Law Review 9, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.Vol9.Iss1.4029.pp157-172.
Nadhira, Putri, Muhammad Yamin, Suprayitno, and Henry Sinaga. “Pembatalan Keputusan Tentang Penetapan Tanah Terlantar Atas Hak Atas Tanah.” LOCUS: Jurnal Konsep Ilmu Hukum 4, no. 1 (2024).
Nasution, Faizal Amir P, Sita Agung Trisnantari, Henriko Tobing, Ari Yuliastuti, and Muhyiddin. “Transformation of the Labor Inspection System in Indonesia: Towards an Effective Centralized Model.” Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan 19, no. 4 (2024). https://doi.org/10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.434.
Negara, Tunggul Anshari Setia, Syahriza Alkohir Anggoro, and Imam Koeswahyono. “Indonesian Job Creation Law: Neoliberal Legality, Authoritarianism and Executive Aggrandizement Under Joko Widodo.” Law and Development Review 17, no. 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2023-0022.
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2010 Tentang Penertiban Dan Pendayagunaan Tanah Terlantar, Pub. L. No. 11 (2010).
Rahdania, Aulia Fitri, and Benny Djaja. “Implementation of Land Registration Procedures in Indonesia Based on Government Regulation No. 18 of 2021.” Journal of Social Research 2, no. 7 (2023). https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i7.1141.
Sibuea, Valenta Audrey Christy. “Implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 20 Tahun 2021 Terhadap Pemanfaatan Dan Penerbitan Tanah Terlantar Yang Berasal Dari Tanah Hak Guna Usaha Melalui Pemberian Hak Milik Untuk Mewujudkan Reforma Agraria Di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Provinsi Riau.” Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, 2023.
Sibuea, Valenta Audrey Christy. “Implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 20 Tahun 2021 Terhadap Pemanfaatan Dan Penerbitan Tanah Terlantar Yang Berasal Dari Tanah Hak Guna Usaha Melalui Pemberian Hak Milik Untuk Mewujudkan Reforma Agraria Di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Provinsi Riau.” Skripsi, Universitas Atma Jaya, 2023.
Soekanto, Soerjono. Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Universitas Indonesia, 2018.
Sulistyaningsih, Retno. “Reforma Agraria Di Indonesia.” Perspektif 26, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.30742/perspektif.v26i1.753.
Sutaryono, Rohmat Junarto, Sukmo Pinuji, Jamaluddin Mahasari, and Dian Aries Mujiburohman. “Land Rights and Agrarian Reform in Forest Areas: A Basis for Sustainable Development.” International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 19, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.190122.