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Abstract
This study critically examines the implementation of the electronic court (e-Court) system in resolving Sharia economic disputes within Indonesia’s Religious Courts, focusing on selected jurisdictions in Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Central Java, and East Java. Introduced through Supreme Court Regulations No. 1 of 2019 and No. 7 of 2022, the e-Court system aims to modernize judicial processes and realize justice that is simple, fast, and affordable. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the research draws on data from eight Religious Courts: East Jakarta, South Jakarta, Sleman, Wonosari, Sidoarjo, Surabaya, Pemalang, and Slawi, through interviews, observation, and document analysis. Findings show that while the e-Court system enhances administrative efficiency and transparency, its implementation remains uneven. Urban courts such as Jakarta and Surabaya demonstrate successful digital integration, whereas Wonosari, Pemalang, and Slawi face obstacles in infrastructure, internet access, and digital literacy. These disparities create hybrid practices and raise concerns about procedural validity and data security. From a prophetic law perspective, the e-Court reform embodies the moral ideals of humanization (amar ma’ruf), liberation (nahi munkar), and transcendence (tu’minuna billah). However, unequal access to digital justice contradicts these prophetic values. The study concludes that achieving ethical and inclusive digital transformation requires embedding prophetic legal principles into judicial policy to ensure that modernization serves humanity and justice, not merely administrative efficiency.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Istianah Zainal Asyiqin, Fadia Fitriyanti, M. Endriyo Susila, M. Fabian Akbar, Dimas Putra Wirayudha
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References
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Amarini, I., Saefudin, Y., Kartini, I. A., Marsitiningsih, & Ismail, N. (2023). Digital Transformation: Creating an Effective and Efficient Court in Indonesia. Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 31(2), 266–284. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v31i2.28013
Anggia, P., Yunita, A., & Fitriyanti, F. (2023). Legal Justice: The Abolition of the Principle of Bank Secrecy for Tax Interests in Indonesia. Jambura Law Review, 5(2), 314–331. https://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v5i2.18793
Astuti, D. P. & Suriyadi. (2023). Pelaksanaan E-Litigasi dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah di Pengadilan Agama Makassar. Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syari’ah, 4(2), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v4i2.29736
Badruddin, Syam’ani, M., & Mariani. (2023). Sharia Economic Harmony: Reconstructing Peace through Negotiation and Mediation in Conflict Resolution. Jurnal Ekonomi, 12(4), 1976–1984. https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi/article/view/3200/2658
Basyirah, L., Nasiruddin, M. H., Rozi, F., & MS, B. S. (2022). The Development of Islamic Economic Politics in Sharia Banking in The Reform Era to Date in Indonesia. JPPUMA: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Dan Sosial Politik Universitas Medan Area, 10(2), 200–215. https://doi.org/10.31289/jppuma.v10i2.7515
Berutu, L. (2020). Mewujudkan Peradilan Sederhana, Cepat dan Biaya Ringan Dengan e-Court. Jurnal Ilmiah Dunia Hukum, 5(1), 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.56444/jidh.v5i1.1552
Djamaludin, Aziz, M. F., Ar-Rasyid, Y., & As-Sayyis, I. A. (2023). Assessing the Impact of Electronic Court Systems on the Efficiency of Judicial Processes in the Era of Digital Transformation. Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi, 6(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v6i1.8082
Elvia, E. E., Mujib, A., Nor, A., & Akbar, M. I. (2023). Basyarnas as a Place for Dispute Resolution of Musyarakah Financing in Sharia Banking in the Disruption Era. El-Mashlahah, 13(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v13i1.5345
Fitriyanti, F., Devty, S., Putri, S., & Thora, R. E. (2024). Securing Personal Data in E-Kyc: Vital for Digital Economy Growth. Diponegoro Law Review, 9(1), 104–120. https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.9.1.2024.104-120
Gunawan, Y., & Anggriawan, R. (2021). E-Court: The Future of Commercial Dispute and the Quality of Judicial Processes in Indonesia. In P. O. D. Pablos, X. Zhang, & M. N. Almunawar (Eds), Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage (pp. 1–16). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6477-6.ch001
Hariyanto, E. (2022). Public Trust in the Religious Court to Handle Dispute of Sharia Economy. Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 22(1), 185–208. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26216
Hasan, Z., & Nurhuda, A. (2024). The Role of Sharia Economic Law in Supporting a Healthy Economic System for Indonesian Communities. Asas: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 15(2), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.24042/asas.v15i02.16426
Hassan, R., & Ilias, I. I. (2022). Islamic Banking Dispute Resolution: The Experience of Malaysia and Indonesia. IIUMLJ: IIUM Law Journal, 30(2), 317–358. https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumlj.v30iS2.771
Hidayat, F. P. & Asni. (2021). Efektifitas Penerapan E-Court dalam Penyelesaian Perkara di Pengadilan Agama Makassar. Qadauna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam, 2(1), 104–118. https://doi.org/10.24252/qadauna.v2i1.16648
Katsh, E., & Rabinovich-Einy, O. (2017). Digital Justice: Technology and the Internet of Disputes. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190464585.001.0001
Lahilote, H. S., Soleman, F., Hasan, F., Basri, R., & Lahilote, A. (2025). Digitalisasi Peradilan di Indonesia Tengah: Studi Implementasi E-Court dan E-Litigasi di Pengadilan. Syariah: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pemikiran, 24(2), 315–332. https://doi.org/10.18592/sjhp.v24i2.13879
Larosa, W., Wahid, E., & Djajaputra, G. (2023). Application of Online Arbitration to Dispute Resolution E-Commerce Business in Indonesia (in Academic Discourse and Practice). Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health, 2(3), 228–246. https://doi.org/10.46799/ajesh.v2i3.56
Latifiani, D. (2021). Human Attitude and Technology: Analyzing a Legal Culture on Electronic Court System in Indonesia (Case of Religious Court). Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 6(1), 157–184. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v6i1.44450
Latifiani, D., Yusriyadi, Sarono, A., Al Fikry, A. H., & Cholis, M. N. (2022). Reconstruction of E-Court Legal Culture in Civil Law Enforcement. Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 7(2), 441–448. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v7i2.59993
Liemanto, I. F., Hamidah, S., & Dewantara, R. (2021). The Urgency of Regulating Online Arbitration in Dispute Settlement of E-Commerce Transactions in Indonesia. IJMMU: International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 8(7), 278–284. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i7.2847
Manik, S. M. T., Raihana, Yuniarti, R., Santoso, M. A., Putri, W. M. J., & Putri, D. R. (2024). Efforts to Improve the Quality of Handling Sharia Economic Disputes by Indonesian Religious Courts. Penajustisia: Media Komunikasi Dan Kajian Hukum, 23(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v23i3.5509
Maskanah, U., Burhanuddin, S. F., Zaenudin, K. I. S., & Suhartini, S. P. (2024). Sharia Banking Dispute Resolution Model that is Effective, Efficient and Fair. Awang Long Law Review, 7(1), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v7i1.1390
Maza, R. E., Yunarti, Y., Nazeri, & Hidayat, R. (2022). Sharia Economic Law Regulation on The Development of Sharia Financial Institutions in Indonesia. Journal of Social Work and Science Education, 3(2), 154–167. https://doi.org/10.52690/jswse.v3i2.290
Nurhisam, L., Eriyanti, N., Mundakir, Mursid, F., & Khulwah, J. (2024). Sharia Banking Syndicated Financing in the Context of Funding Strategic Projects after Islamic Financial Qanun Institution in Aceh. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 8(3), 1430–1453. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i3.15891
Putra, D. (2020). A Modern Judicial System in Indonesia: Legal Breakthrough of E-Court and E-Legal Proceeding. Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, 9(2), 275–297. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.9.2.2020.275-297
Ragawati, N. K., Sihotang, E., & Saputra, K. E. D. (2024). Implementation of Supreme Court Regulation No. 7 of 2022 concerning Electronic Case Administration and Court Proceedings at the Denpasar District Court. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, 3(11), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v3i11.986
Rahman, E. T., Suganda, A., Lousada, S. A. N., Khafidz, H. A., Huda, M., Sopyan, Y., Mutmainah, N., Kirin, A. B., Sartono, S., & Shapiulayevna, A. P. (2024). How Does the State Regulate the Administration of Unregistered Marriages in Muslim Minority Communities? The Practice of Mass Weddings in Jayapura City. Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah, 22(2), 207–220. https://doi.org/10.30984/jis.v22i2.3210
Renie, E. (2021). The Urgency of Fatwa in the Law of Sharia Economics in Indonesia. Juris: Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah, 20(2), 201–208. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v20i2.4059
Rizkiana, R. E. (2021). The Future of Online Dispute Resolution: Building A Framework for E-Commerce Dispute Resolution in Indonesia. The Lawpreneurship Journal, 1(2), 114–138. https://doi.org/10.21632/tlj.1.2.114-138
S, S. Y. H., Daud, M. R., Mardani, & Azizah, A. (2024). Implementation of Online Dispute Resolution Sharia Arbitration in the New Normal Era (Basyarnas-Indonesia). KnE Social Sciences, 9, 236–249. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i21.14721
Santiadi, K. (2019). Expanding Access To Justice Through E-Court In Indonesia. Prophetic Law Review, 1(1), 75–89. https://doi.org/10.20885/PLR.vol1.iss1.art5
Sari, N. P. R. K. (2019). Eksistensi E-Court untuk Mewujudkan Asas Sederhana, Cepat, dan Biaya Ringan dalam Sistem Peradilan Perdata di Indonesia. Yustitia, 13(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.62279/yustitia.v13i1.275
Shidiq, A. Z., Afandi, & Kaimuddin, A. (2021). Sistem E-Court sebagai Wujud Implementasi Asas Peradilan Sederhana, Cepat dan Biaya Ringan (Studi di Pengadilan Negeri Mojokerto). Dinamika: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum, 27(3), 331–349. https://jim.unisma.ac.id/index.php/jdh/article/view/9400
Siswajanthy, F., Rohaedi, E., & Abid, H. (2019). Mediation as an Alternative Dispute Resolution in Religious Court Systems in Indonesia. IJMMU: International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 6(5), 370–378. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i5.1121
Soebiyantoro, B., Somantri, D., Prajaghupta, Y., & Bimasakti, M. A. (2020). Praktik dan Wacana Seputar Persidangan Elektronik (E-Litigation) di Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara (1st edn). Deepublish.
Supriadi, Muhibbin, M., & Suratman. (2025). Legal Effectiveness of E-Litigation Implementation on Case Settlement: Evidence from the Malang City Religious Court. Lex Publica, 12(1), 118–146. https://doi.org/10.58829/lp.12.1.2025.281
Suryana, I. (2025). E-Court dalam Perspektif Hukum dan Keadilan: Reformasi Sistem Peradilan Indonesia di Era Digital. Cendekia Press.
Susskind, R. (2021). Online Courts and the Future of Justice (1st edn). Oxford University Press.
Tambunan, J. H. & Yunanto. (2024). Penyelesaian Gugatan Sederhana Melalui E-court Pasca Diundangkannya Perma 7 Tahun 2022. Notarius, 17(3), 2191–2206. https://doi.org/10.14710/nts.v17i3.57734
Tang, Z. S. (2025). Smart Court: The Court of the Future. Cambridge University Press.
Umihani, & Kamariah, H. (2024). Resolution of Sharia Economic Disputes: A Case Study on Default in Murabahah Contracts. International Journal of Islamic Finance, 2(2), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.14421/ijif.v2i2.2322
Yuniar, V. S., Sulistyanti, J. S., & Latifiani, D. (2021). The Court Role in Providing E-court System Education to Community: Post-Enactment of Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2019. Unifikasi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 8(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.25134/unifikasi.v8i1.3697
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References
Afriana, A., & Kusmayanti, H. (2021). Review of Syaria Economy Disputes in Religious Courts within the Perspective of Small Claims Court (SCC). Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 15(2), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v15no2.2086
Amarini, I., Saefudin, Y., Kartini, I. A., Marsitiningsih, & Ismail, N. (2023). Digital Transformation: Creating an Effective and Efficient Court in Indonesia. Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 31(2), 266–284. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v31i2.28013
Anggia, P., Yunita, A., & Fitriyanti, F. (2023). Legal Justice: The Abolition of the Principle of Bank Secrecy for Tax Interests in Indonesia. Jambura Law Review, 5(2), 314–331. https://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v5i2.18793
Astuti, D. P. & Suriyadi. (2023). Pelaksanaan E-Litigasi dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah di Pengadilan Agama Makassar. Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syari’ah, 4(2), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v4i2.29736
Badruddin, Syam’ani, M., & Mariani. (2023). Sharia Economic Harmony: Reconstructing Peace through Negotiation and Mediation in Conflict Resolution. Jurnal Ekonomi, 12(4), 1976–1984. https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi/article/view/3200/2658
Basyirah, L., Nasiruddin, M. H., Rozi, F., & MS, B. S. (2022). The Development of Islamic Economic Politics in Sharia Banking in The Reform Era to Date in Indonesia. JPPUMA: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Dan Sosial Politik Universitas Medan Area, 10(2), 200–215. https://doi.org/10.31289/jppuma.v10i2.7515
Berutu, L. (2020). Mewujudkan Peradilan Sederhana, Cepat dan Biaya Ringan Dengan e-Court. Jurnal Ilmiah Dunia Hukum, 5(1), 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.56444/jidh.v5i1.1552
Djamaludin, Aziz, M. F., Ar-Rasyid, Y., & As-Sayyis, I. A. (2023). Assessing the Impact of Electronic Court Systems on the Efficiency of Judicial Processes in the Era of Digital Transformation. Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi, 6(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v6i1.8082
Elvia, E. E., Mujib, A., Nor, A., & Akbar, M. I. (2023). Basyarnas as a Place for Dispute Resolution of Musyarakah Financing in Sharia Banking in the Disruption Era. El-Mashlahah, 13(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v13i1.5345
Fitriyanti, F., Devty, S., Putri, S., & Thora, R. E. (2024). Securing Personal Data in E-Kyc: Vital for Digital Economy Growth. Diponegoro Law Review, 9(1), 104–120. https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.9.1.2024.104-120
Gunawan, Y., & Anggriawan, R. (2021). E-Court: The Future of Commercial Dispute and the Quality of Judicial Processes in Indonesia. In P. O. D. Pablos, X. Zhang, & M. N. Almunawar (Eds), Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage (pp. 1–16). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6477-6.ch001
Hariyanto, E. (2022). Public Trust in the Religious Court to Handle Dispute of Sharia Economy. Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 22(1), 185–208. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26216
Hasan, Z., & Nurhuda, A. (2024). The Role of Sharia Economic Law in Supporting a Healthy Economic System for Indonesian Communities. Asas: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 15(2), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.24042/asas.v15i02.16426
Hassan, R., & Ilias, I. I. (2022). Islamic Banking Dispute Resolution: The Experience of Malaysia and Indonesia. IIUMLJ: IIUM Law Journal, 30(2), 317–358. https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumlj.v30iS2.771
Hidayat, F. P. & Asni. (2021). Efektifitas Penerapan E-Court dalam Penyelesaian Perkara di Pengadilan Agama Makassar. Qadauna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam, 2(1), 104–118. https://doi.org/10.24252/qadauna.v2i1.16648
Katsh, E., & Rabinovich-Einy, O. (2017). Digital Justice: Technology and the Internet of Disputes. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190464585.001.0001
Lahilote, H. S., Soleman, F., Hasan, F., Basri, R., & Lahilote, A. (2025). Digitalisasi Peradilan di Indonesia Tengah: Studi Implementasi E-Court dan E-Litigasi di Pengadilan. Syariah: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pemikiran, 24(2), 315–332. https://doi.org/10.18592/sjhp.v24i2.13879
Larosa, W., Wahid, E., & Djajaputra, G. (2023). Application of Online Arbitration to Dispute Resolution E-Commerce Business in Indonesia (in Academic Discourse and Practice). Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health, 2(3), 228–246. https://doi.org/10.46799/ajesh.v2i3.56
Latifiani, D. (2021). Human Attitude and Technology: Analyzing a Legal Culture on Electronic Court System in Indonesia (Case of Religious Court). Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 6(1), 157–184. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v6i1.44450
Latifiani, D., Yusriyadi, Sarono, A., Al Fikry, A. H., & Cholis, M. N. (2022). Reconstruction of E-Court Legal Culture in Civil Law Enforcement. Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 7(2), 441–448. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v7i2.59993
Liemanto, I. F., Hamidah, S., & Dewantara, R. (2021). The Urgency of Regulating Online Arbitration in Dispute Settlement of E-Commerce Transactions in Indonesia. IJMMU: International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 8(7), 278–284. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i7.2847
Manik, S. M. T., Raihana, Yuniarti, R., Santoso, M. A., Putri, W. M. J., & Putri, D. R. (2024). Efforts to Improve the Quality of Handling Sharia Economic Disputes by Indonesian Religious Courts. Penajustisia: Media Komunikasi Dan Kajian Hukum, 23(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v23i3.5509
Maskanah, U., Burhanuddin, S. F., Zaenudin, K. I. S., & Suhartini, S. P. (2024). Sharia Banking Dispute Resolution Model that is Effective, Efficient and Fair. Awang Long Law Review, 7(1), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v7i1.1390
Maza, R. E., Yunarti, Y., Nazeri, & Hidayat, R. (2022). Sharia Economic Law Regulation on The Development of Sharia Financial Institutions in Indonesia. Journal of Social Work and Science Education, 3(2), 154–167. https://doi.org/10.52690/jswse.v3i2.290
Nurhisam, L., Eriyanti, N., Mundakir, Mursid, F., & Khulwah, J. (2024). Sharia Banking Syndicated Financing in the Context of Funding Strategic Projects after Islamic Financial Qanun Institution in Aceh. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 8(3), 1430–1453. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i3.15891
Putra, D. (2020). A Modern Judicial System in Indonesia: Legal Breakthrough of E-Court and E-Legal Proceeding. Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, 9(2), 275–297. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.9.2.2020.275-297
Ragawati, N. K., Sihotang, E., & Saputra, K. E. D. (2024). Implementation of Supreme Court Regulation No. 7 of 2022 concerning Electronic Case Administration and Court Proceedings at the Denpasar District Court. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, 3(11), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v3i11.986
Rahman, E. T., Suganda, A., Lousada, S. A. N., Khafidz, H. A., Huda, M., Sopyan, Y., Mutmainah, N., Kirin, A. B., Sartono, S., & Shapiulayevna, A. P. (2024). How Does the State Regulate the Administration of Unregistered Marriages in Muslim Minority Communities? The Practice of Mass Weddings in Jayapura City. Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah, 22(2), 207–220. https://doi.org/10.30984/jis.v22i2.3210
Renie, E. (2021). The Urgency of Fatwa in the Law of Sharia Economics in Indonesia. Juris: Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah, 20(2), 201–208. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v20i2.4059
Rizkiana, R. E. (2021). The Future of Online Dispute Resolution: Building A Framework for E-Commerce Dispute Resolution in Indonesia. The Lawpreneurship Journal, 1(2), 114–138. https://doi.org/10.21632/tlj.1.2.114-138
S, S. Y. H., Daud, M. R., Mardani, & Azizah, A. (2024). Implementation of Online Dispute Resolution Sharia Arbitration in the New Normal Era (Basyarnas-Indonesia). KnE Social Sciences, 9, 236–249. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i21.14721
Santiadi, K. (2019). Expanding Access To Justice Through E-Court In Indonesia. Prophetic Law Review, 1(1), 75–89. https://doi.org/10.20885/PLR.vol1.iss1.art5
Sari, N. P. R. K. (2019). Eksistensi E-Court untuk Mewujudkan Asas Sederhana, Cepat, dan Biaya Ringan dalam Sistem Peradilan Perdata di Indonesia. Yustitia, 13(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.62279/yustitia.v13i1.275
Shidiq, A. Z., Afandi, & Kaimuddin, A. (2021). Sistem E-Court sebagai Wujud Implementasi Asas Peradilan Sederhana, Cepat dan Biaya Ringan (Studi di Pengadilan Negeri Mojokerto). Dinamika: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum, 27(3), 331–349. https://jim.unisma.ac.id/index.php/jdh/article/view/9400
Siswajanthy, F., Rohaedi, E., & Abid, H. (2019). Mediation as an Alternative Dispute Resolution in Religious Court Systems in Indonesia. IJMMU: International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 6(5), 370–378. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i5.1121
Soebiyantoro, B., Somantri, D., Prajaghupta, Y., & Bimasakti, M. A. (2020). Praktik dan Wacana Seputar Persidangan Elektronik (E-Litigation) di Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara (1st edn). Deepublish.
Supriadi, Muhibbin, M., & Suratman. (2025). Legal Effectiveness of E-Litigation Implementation on Case Settlement: Evidence from the Malang City Religious Court. Lex Publica, 12(1), 118–146. https://doi.org/10.58829/lp.12.1.2025.281
Suryana, I. (2025). E-Court dalam Perspektif Hukum dan Keadilan: Reformasi Sistem Peradilan Indonesia di Era Digital. Cendekia Press.
Susskind, R. (2021). Online Courts and the Future of Justice (1st edn). Oxford University Press.
Tambunan, J. H. & Yunanto. (2024). Penyelesaian Gugatan Sederhana Melalui E-court Pasca Diundangkannya Perma 7 Tahun 2022. Notarius, 17(3), 2191–2206. https://doi.org/10.14710/nts.v17i3.57734
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