CONTEMPORARY IJTIHAD METHOD IN DETERMINING SHARIA BUSINESS LAW: ADDRESSING LEGAL NEEDS IN AN ERA OF ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE

Safwan; Nora Maulana; Nurul Khansa Fauziyah

CONTEMPORARY IJTIHAD METHOD IN DETERMINING SHARIA BUSINESS LAW

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February 23, 2025

Accepted

March 14, 2025

Published

March 20, 2025

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Abstract

Purpose - Contemporary ijtihad methods have emerged in response to the need to update and adapt Sharia law to the times. An adaptive and innovative approach is required to ensure the applied law remains relevant and meets societal needs. This research explores the method of contemporary ijtihad in determining Sharia business law in depth.
Method - This research is library research with a descriptive normative approach. The research data were sourced from secondary data with documentation data collection techniques that were collected continuously until it reached saturation. The data analysis is studied through several steps, starting with data reduction and ending with data presentation and conclusion drawing.
Findings - The contemporary ijtihad method in determining Sharia business law is essential for addressing Muslims' legal challenges in the modern era. In this context, ijtihad relied on classical traditions and considered social changes, culture, and scientific developments. Various methods, such as tarjihi, insya'i, and integrative ijtihad, have been used to formulate laws that suit the needs of society. These methods allow mujtahids to explore and apply Sharia principles in contemporary business contexts such as e-commerce transactions, insurance, and investment. Thus, contemporary ijtihad plays a crucial role in ensuring that Sharia business law remains relevant, dynamic, and in tune with the people's interests while adhering to the basic principles of Sharia.
Research Contributions/Limitations - The research findings are essential to developing flexible and contextual Islamic legal thinking and highlighting Islamic business law issues that have not been explicitly regulated in classical texts to address the dynamic challenges of Islamic business. However, the research study is limited to Muslim-majority countries so that it can be different from countries with a more pluralistic legal system.
Originality/Value - This research connects contemporary ijtihad with the practical needs of Sharia business law in the modern world to offer theoretical solutions and real applications that are useful for practitioners and academics and contribute to the application of Sharia business law that is relevant and responsive to changing times.
Keywor

Keywords

Contemporary Ijtihad Legal Determination Sharia Shariass Modern Era

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How to Cite

Safwan, Maulana, N., & Fauziyah, N. K. (2025). CONTEMPORARY IJTIHAD METHOD IN DETERMINING SHARIA BUSINESS LAW: ADDRESSING LEGAL NEEDS IN AN ERA OF ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE. Al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum (JSYH), 7(1), 153–176. Retrieved from https://journal.uii.ac.id/JSYH/article/view/39143

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References

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References

Abbasi, M. Z. (2017). Judicial Ijtihad as a Tool for Legal Reform: Extending Women’s Right to Divorce under Islamic Law in Pakistan. Islamic Law and Society, 24(4), 384–411. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-00244P04

Ak, A. (2022). An Analysis of Legal Realism From the Perspective of Islamic Law. Cumhuriyet Ilahiyat Dergisi-Cumhuriyet Theology Journal, 26(2), 717–741. https://doi.org/10.18505/cuid.1151808

Al-Amidi. (1984). Al-Ihkam fi Usul al-Ahkam, Juz IV. Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi.

Al-Khatib, M. (2019). Contemporary Ijtihad, Ethics and Modernity. Journal of Islamic Ethics, 3, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1163/24685542-12340035

Al-Qardhawi, Y. (2000). Ijtihad Kontemporer Kode Etik dan Berbagai Penyimpangan. Risalah Gusti.

Al-Qurtubi, S., & Mahfudz, K. S. (2001). Era Baru Fiqih Indonesia. Cermin.

Al-Umari, N. S. (1981). Al-Ijtihad fi al-Islam, Usuluhu, Ahkamuhu, Afaquhu. Al-Muassasah Risalah.

Alhayyani, M. (2024). Al-Ghazali on Taqlid, Ijtihad, and Forming Beliefs. Conatus-Journal of Philosophy, 9(2), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.12681/cjp.36321

Altintas, M. Y. (2016). Allah (God), al-Watan (the Nation), al-Malik (the King), and the Role of Ijtihad in the Family Law Reforms of Morocco. The Journal of the Middle East and Africa, 7(2), 207–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520844.2016.1193687

Amin, F. (2021). Applicability of Islamic Methodology Concerning Novel Issues to the Organ Transplantation in Religious Scholars’ Contemporary Discourse. Religions, 12(670), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12090670

Ampel, T. P. S. I. I. S. (2004). Pengantar Studi Islam. IAIN Ampel Press.

An-Na’im. (1996). Toward an Islamic Reformation, Civil Liberties, Human Rights and Internasional Law. Syracuse University Press.

An-Nasa’i. (1930). Sunan an-Nasa’i. Dar Al-Fiqr.

Anwar, S. (2007). Hukum Perjanjian Syari’ah (Studi Tentang Teori Akad Dalam Fiqh Muamalah. Raja Grafindo Persada.

As-Subki, T. A. W. bin. (2003). Jam’ al-Jawami. Toha Putra.

As-Syatibi. (2005). Al-Muwafaqat fi Usul al-Syari’ah II. Dar Al-Fiqr.

Asy-Syaukani, M. bin A. bin M. (1994). Irsyad al-Fukhul ila Tahqiq al-Haqq min ‘IIm al-Usul. Dar Al-Fiqr.

Azizy, Q. (2003). Reformasi Bermadzhab (Sebuah Ikhtisar Menuju Ijtihad Sesuai Saintifik-Modern). Teraju.

Bakar, A. A., & Sahman. (2024). The Renewing of Usul al-Fiqh : Challenges, Limitations and Future Directions. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Economic Law, 1(2), 105–122. https://doi.org/10.23917/ijoel.v1i2.5334

Damanik, A. Z. (2024). Peran Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Dalam Mengatur Transaksi Bisnis Syariah. Eksekusi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Administrasi Negara, 2(3), 434–441. https://doi.org/10.55606/eksekusi.v2i3.1335

Dawud, A., & Dawud, S. A. (1994). Kitab al-Aqdiyyah. Dar Al-Fiqr.

Effendi, S. (2009). Ushul Fiqh. Kencana.

El-Wereny, M. (2018). Scope and Instruments of Islamic Legal Standardization in Modernity: Yusuf al-Qaradawi’s Concept of Ijtihad. Welt Des Islams, 58(165–100). https://doi.org/10.1163/15700607-00581P03

Fatarib, H., Muhammadi, W., & Meirison. (2020). Al-Hajat As The Basis Of Contemporary Ijtihad. Al-Adalah, 17(1), 163–186. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v17i1.6209

Gould, R., & Shikhaliev, S. (2017). Beyond the Taqlīd/Ijtihād Dichotomy: Daghestani Legal Thought under Russian Rule. Islamic Law and Society, 24(1–2), 142–169. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-02412p06

Harasani, H. (2013). The Role of Ijtihad in Progressing Islamic Law in Modern Times. Us-China Law Review, 10, 361–371.

Haroen, N. (2007). Fiqh Muamalah. Gaya Media Pratama.

Has, A. W. (2013). Ijtihad Sebagai Alat Pemecahan Masalah Umat Islam. Episteme, 8(1), 89–112.

Hasan, A. (1984). Pintu Ijtihad sebelum Tertutup. Pustaka.

Hasanudin, F. (2019). Ijtihad Maqashidi: Metodologi dan Kontekstualisasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia (Studi Fatwa-fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia). Jurnal Syari’ah Dan Hukum, 1(2), 134–152.

Hassan, M. (2024). The Concept of Collective Ijtihad, its Need and Role in the Development of Islamic Law and Legislation in Modern Era. Al-Mīthaq (Research Journal of Islamic Theology), 3(1), 51–67. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4905704

Ibrahim, A. F. (2016). Rethinking the Taqlīd Hegemony: An Institutional, Longue-Duree Approach. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 136(4), 801–816. https://doi.org/10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.4.0801

Jackson, S. A. (2019). Ijtihad and Taqlid: Between the Islamic Legal Tradition and Autonomous Western Reason. Routledge Handbook of Islamic Law, 255–272. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315753881-16

Janah, S., & Ummah, R. (2024). Ijtihad: Sebuah Solusi Dalam Hukum Islam. ALMANAR: Jurnal Fakultas Agama Islam, 2(1), 142–152.

Kasdi, A. (2019). Reconstruction of Fiqh Nusantara: Developing the Ijtihad Methodology in Formulating Fiqh from Indonesian Perspective. Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 7(2), 239–266. https://doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v7i2.4797

Khalaf, A. A.-W. (1977). Ilmu Usul Fiqh. Dar Al-Qalam.

Kusnadi. (2016). Perspektif Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dan Fazlu Rahman Tentang Ijtihad. Al-Qisthu Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-Ilmu Hukum, 14(2), 187–209. https://doi.org/10.32694/010270

Latief, A. A. (2020). Modul Mengenal Fiqh Muamalah.

M, P., & Hipni, D. (2023). The Importance of The Ijtihad Jama’i Method in Contemporary Fiqh Formulations. Al-Risalah: Forum Kajian Hukum Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan, 23(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.30631/alrisalah.v23i1.1322

Manik, R. H., Dzaki, F. M., Azzahra, A., Yudistira, J. P., Wismanto, & Mayasari, F. (2024). Peran Ijtihad dalam Menjawab Tantangan Hukum Islam di Era Modern. Jurnal Kajian Dan Penelitian Umum, 2(6), 118–126. https://doi.org/10.47861/jkpu-nalanda.v2i6.1411

Maulida, Novita, & Aisyah, S. F. (2024). Etika Bisnis Islam: Implementasi Prinsip Keadilan dan Tanggung Jawab Dalam Ekonomi Syariah. El-Iqtishady: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 6(1), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.24252/el-iqthisady.vi.46740

Mu’allim, A., & Syibly, M. R. (2016). Urgensi Ijtihad Ekonomi Pada Era Globalisasi. 75, 227–238. https://doi.org/10.20885/unisia.vol33.iss75.art2

Muhammad, F., Umar, M. H., Ghafar, A., Ridwan, M., Nilfatri, Mubarik, & Anwar, S. (2021). Formulasi Hukum Bisnis Syariah Kontemporer (Implementasi Kaidah Fiqhiyah Dalam Hukum E-Commerce). Ijtihad Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam, 15(1), 115–142. https://doi.org/10.21111/ijtihad.v15i1.5556

Muhammad, R. W. (2011). Shari’ah Court Judges and Judicial Creativity (Ijtihad) in Malaysia and Thailand: A Comparative Study. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 29(1), 127–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602000902726848

Mustofa, I. (1970). Ijtihad Kontemporer Sebagai Upaya Pembaruan Hukum Keluarga di Indonesia. Al-Manahij Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 2(7).

Nabbila, F. L., & Syakur, A. (2023). Perspektif Ayat Al-Qur’an Dalam Etika Bisnis Islam Kontemporer. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Akuntansi (JEBAKU), 3(2), 199–206. https://doi.org/10.55606/jebaku.v3i2.1940

Nasution, H., & Azra, A. (1985). Perkembangan Modern Dalam Islam. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

Putra, P. A. A. (2024). Aplikasi Kaidah La Dharara Wa La Dhirar Dalam Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi , Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah, 6(2), 4164–4179. https://doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v6i2.4391

Qardhawi, Y. (1994). Madkhal Li Dirasat Asy-Syari’ah Al Islamiyah. Grafindo.

Qardhawi, Y. (1995). Ijtihad Kontemporer. Risalah Gusti.

Rafikov, I., & Akhmetova, E. (2020). Methodology of Integrated Knowledge in Islamic Economics and Finance: Collective Ijtihad. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, 12(1), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-02-2019-0034

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CONTEMPORARY IJTIHAD METHOD IN DETERMINING SHARIA BUSINESS LAW: ADDRESSING LEGAL NEEDS IN AN ERA OF ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE

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