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Abstract
This study aims to understand and analyze public reception of disinformation in Yogyakarta using Stuart Hall's encoding-decoding theory. The study used a qualitative method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with two types of informants, namely santri and abangan. This study found that audience reception of COVID-19 pandemic disinformation varied, some were in a dominant hegemonic, negotiating, or oppositional position. The findings of this study confirm the thesis of reception studies which state that every message spread in the media is received polysemically. However, in contrast to the assumptions of reception studies, the position of audience reception at each reading position which is fixed and comes from the same audience is not true. On the contrary, this study found that audience acceptance can change, sometimes in a dominant hegemonic code, sometimes in a negotiating position, and even an oppositional code. Changes in acceptance positions are highly dependent on the issues contained in the COVID-19 pandemic disinformation message.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Murti Kusuma Wirasti, Sugeng Bayu Wahyono
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References
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- Bafadhal, Madri, O., Anang, & Santoso, D. (2020). Memetakan Pesan Hoaks Berita COVID-19 di Indonesia Lintas Kategori, Sumber, dan Jenis Disinformasi Mapping Hoax Messages of COVID-19 in Indonesia Accros Categories, Sources, and Types of Disinformation. Jurnal Magister Ilmu Komunikasi, 6(2), 235–249. http://journal.ubm.ac.id/
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- Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices (1st ed.). Sage Publications & Open University.
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- Juditha, C. (2018). Interaksi Komunikasi Hoax di Media Sosial serta Antisipasinya Hoax. Jurnal Pekommas, 3(1), 31–44.
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- Secor, M., & Walsh, L. (2004). A Rhetorical Perspective on the Sokal Hoax: Genre, Style, and Context. Written Communication, 21(1), 69–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088303261037
- Soelistyo, L. (2015). Resepsi Orang Tionghoa Terhadap Tayangan Ketionghoaan di Lima Stasiun Televisi Swasta. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
- Wahyono, S. B., Wirasti, M. K., & Ratmono, B. M. (2020). Audience Reception of Hoax Information on Social Media in the Post-Truth Era. Jurnal Komunikasi Indonesia, 110–124. https://doi.org/10.7454/JKI.V9I2.12773
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References
Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2), 211–236. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211
Ang, I. (1986). Ien Ang - Watching Dallas_ Soap Opera and the Melodramatic Imagination-Routledge Kegan & Paul (1986).
Bafadhal, Madri, O., Anang, & Santoso, D. (2020). Memetakan Pesan Hoaks Berita COVID-19 di Indonesia Lintas Kategori, Sumber, dan Jenis Disinformasi Mapping Hoax Messages of COVID-19 in Indonesia Accros Categories, Sources, and Types of Disinformation. Jurnal Magister Ilmu Komunikasi, 6(2), 235–249. http://journal.ubm.ac.id/
Barker, C., & Jane, E. A. (2016). Barker, C. and E. A. Jane - Cultural Studies_ Theory and Practice-SAGE Publications (2016) (5th ed.). Sage Publications Ltd.
Capurro, R. (2017) Homo Digitalis. http://www.springer.com/series/15203
Davies, A. (2013). Native Speakers and Native Users: Loss and Gain. In A. Davies (Ed.), Native Speakers and Native Users: Loss and Gain. Cambridge University Press. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/0797AE8190EDC77151D53FBCC669F472
Dwiputra, K. O. (2021). Analisis resepsi khalayak terhadap pemberitaan Covid-19 di klikdokter.com. Jurnal Komunikasi Profesional, 5(1), 26–37. http://ejournal.unitomo.ac.id/index.php/jkp
Fetzer, J. H. (2004). Disinformation: The Use of False Information. Minds and Machines, 14(2), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MIND.0000021683.28604.5b
Fuchs, C. (2018). Authoritarian capitalism, authoritarian movements and authoritarian communication. Media, Culture and Society, 40(5), 779–791. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443718772147
Geertz, C. (1976). The Religion of Java. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS.
Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices (1st ed.). Sage Publications & Open University.
Hardiman, F. B. (2018). Manusia Dalam Prahara Revolusi Digital. Diskursus, 17(2), 177–192. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36383/diskursus.v17i2.252
Haryatmoko. (2019). Post-truth dan (Anti) Pluralisme (A. Suwignyo, Ed.). Kompas Media Nusantara.
Chumairoh, H. (2020). Ancaman Berita Bohong di Tengah. VOX Populi, 3(2017), 22–30.
Juditha, C. (2018). Interaksi Komunikasi Hoax di Media Sosial serta Antisipasinya Hoax. Jurnal Pekommas, 3(1), 31–44.
Wahyono, S. B., Wirasti, M. K., & Ratmono, B. M. (2020). Audience Reception of Hoax Information on Social Media in the Post-Truth Era. Jurnal Komunikasi Indonesia, 110–124. https://doi.org/10.7454/JKI.V9I2.12773
Katz, E., Bouchard, N.-N., & Nathalie-Nicole Elihu Katz, B. (1990). The Export of Meaning, Cross-Cultural Readings of Dallas (Vol. 14). https://www.persee.fr/doc/comin_1189-3788_1993_num_14_1_1633Fichierpdfgénéréle17/05/2018
Keller, F., Schoch, D., Stier, S., & Yang, J. (2019). Political Astroturfing on Twitter: How to Coordinate a Disinformation Campaign. Political Communication, 37, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2019.1661888
Lash, S. (2002). Critique of information (S. Lash, Ed.). SAGE Publications, Ltd. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446217283
Levtzion, N. (1979). Conversion to Islam (N. Levtzion, Ed.; 1st ed.). Holmes dan Meir.
Llronte & Cuenca. (2017). UNO_27_ENG_alta.
Magnis-Suseno, F. (1984). Etika Jawa: Sebuah Analisa Falsafi tentang Kebijaksanaan Hidup Jawa. Gramedia.
McAnany, E. G., & la Pastina, A. C. (1994). Telenovela Audiences: A Review and Methodological Critique of Latin America Research. Communication Research, 21(6), 828–849. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365094021006009
McComiskey, & Bruce. (2017). Post-Truth Rhetoric and Composition.
Morley, D. (1980). The Nationwide Audience: Structure and Decoding. London : British Film Institute.
Picard, M., & Madinier, R. (2011). The Politics of Religion in Indonesia Syncretism, Orthodoxy, and Religious Contention in Java and Bali (M. Picard & R. Madinier, Eds.; 1st ed.). Routledge.
Priastuty, WP., Pawito, & Rahmanto, AN. (2020). Hoaks tentang Vaksin Covid-19 di Tengah Media Sosial Hoax about Covid-19 Vaccine amid Social Media. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Unimus, 391–399. www.covid19.go.id
Ricklefs, M. C. (2013). Islamization and its Opponents in Java: A Political, Social, Cultural and Religious History, c. 1930 to Present. NUS Press.
Ritzer, G. (2012). Teori Sosiologi dari Sosiologi Klasik sampai Perkembangan Terakhir Postmodern. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Safitri, D. A., & Rajagukguk, S. (2022). Analisis Resepsi Khalayak Pada Aplikasi Peduli Lindungi Di Masa Pandemi COVID 19. Jurnal Netnografi Komunikasi, 1(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59408/netnografi.v1i1.6
Secor, M., & Walsh, L. (2004). A Rhetorical Perspective on the Sokal Hoax: Genre, Style, and Context. Written Communication, 21(1), 69–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088303261037
Soelistyo, L. (2015). Resepsi Orang Tionghoa Terhadap Tayangan Ketionghoaan di Lima Stasiun Televisi Swasta. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Wahyono, S. B., Wirasti, M. K., & Ratmono, B. M. (2020). Audience Reception of Hoax Information on Social Media in the Post-Truth Era. Jurnal Komunikasi Indonesia, 110–124. https://doi.org/10.7454/JKI.V9I2.12773
Wardle, C. (2019). Understanding Information Disorder.
Yustitia, S., & Ashrianto, P. D. (2020). An Analysis on COVID-19 Disinformation Triangle in Indonesia. Komunikator, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.18196/jkm.122040