Main Article Content
Abstract
This study explores how communication within social networks
mediates access to resources and entrepreneurial success among people with disabilities. Moving beyond resource-based perspectives that emphasize financial capital, the research applies a communicative–relational framework integrating social capital theory and communication theory of resilience. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach using the Analytic Hierarchy Process with five expert informants to identify and prioritize key factors affecting business performance among disabled micro-entrepreneurs in Indonesia. Results reveal that while financial resources remain foundational, their impact depends heavily on communicative linkages across disability support organizations, mentorship structures, and community networks. Social network communication serves as a mediating mechanism that converts tangible resources into adaptive capacity, innovation, and social recognition. The findings underscore the need for inclusive entrepreneurship programs that enhance both resource accessibility and communicative competence, positioning communication as a form of social capital essential for sustainable development.
Keywords
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Copyright (c) 2026 Fachmi Ibrahim, Djuara P. Lubis, Pudji Muljono, Dwi Sadono

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References
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- Barba-Sánchez, V., Salinero, Y., Estévez, P. J., & Ruiz-Palomino, P. (2023). How entrepreneurship drives life satisfaction among people with intellectual disabilities (PwID): A mixed-method approach. Management Decision. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2022-1568
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- Buzzanell, P. M. (2010). Resilience: Talking, resisting, and imagining new normalcies into being. Journal of Communication, 60(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01469.x
- Buzzanell, P. M., & Turner, L. H. (2003). Emotion work revealed by job loss discourse: Backgrounding-foregrounding of feelings, construction of normalcy, and (re)instituting of traditional masculinities. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 31(1), 27–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909880305375
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- Goodman, N., O’day, B., & Morris, M. (2017). Financial capability of adults with disabilities findings from the national financial capability study. National Disability Institute.
- Hsieh, Y., Maria Josse Molina, V., & Weng, J. (2019). The road to entrepreneurship with impairments: A challenges-adaptive mechanisms-results model for disabled entrepreneurs. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 37(8), 761–779. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242619867654
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- Istiqomah, N., Mafruhah, I., & Dewa, A. L. (2020). Sheltered workshop model on social protection and empowerment of people with disabilities (PwDs) to prepare competitive human resources in the era of the ASEAN economic community. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 12(8), 682–699.
- Jayles, B., Cheong, S. A., & Herrmann, H. J. (2022). Modeling the resilience of social networks to lockdowns regarding the dynamics of meetings. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2022.127618
- Jurado-Caraballo, M. Á., & Quintana-García, C. (2024). Disability inclusion in workplaces, firm performance, and reputation. European Management Journal, xxxx. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.08.001
- Kašperová, E. (2018). Identity as a causal power: Contextualizing entrepreneurs’ concerns. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 19(4), 237–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750318763213
- Larasati, D., Huda, K., Cote, A., Rahayu, K., & Siyaranamual, M. (2019). Policy brief: Inclusive social protection for persons with disability in Indonesia. https://bpjs-kesehatan.go.id/BPJS/index.php/post/read/2018/827/JKN-KIS-Ramah-Bagi-Penyandang-Disabilitas
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- Miethlich, B., & Oldenburg, A. G. (2019b). The employment of persons with disabilities as a strategic asset: A resource-based-view using the value-rarity-imitability-organization (VRIO) framework. Journal of Eastern Europe Research in Business and Economics, 2019, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5171/2019.667087
- Mota, I., Marques, C., & Sacramento, O. (2020). Handicaps and new opportunity businesses: what do we (not) know about disabled entrepreneurs? Journal of Enterprising Communities, 14(3), 321–347. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-12-2019-0120
- Muljono, P., Purwono, J., Cahyadi, E. R., & Hamzah. (2019). Economical empowerment index of Posdaya as participatory of community empowerment programe in Indonesia. Italian Sociological Review, 9(1), 65–96. https://doi.org/10.13136/isr.v9i1.230
- Naami, A., Mills, A. A., & Abbey, E. (2023). Financial capability and asset building (FCAB) for persons with disabilities in Ghana: The role of social workers. Global Social Welfare, 10(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40609-022-00250-x
- Norafandi, M. N. A., & Diah, N. M. (2017). The prospects of people with disabilities (PWDs) participationin entrepreneurship: The perspective of university students with physical and sensory disabilities. International Journal for Studies on Children, Women, Elderly And Disabled, 2(2011), 79–85.
- Pérez-Macías, N., & Fernández, J. L. (2022). Personal and contextual factors influencing the entrepreneurial intentions of people with disabilities in Spain. Disability and Society, 37(7), 1216–1238. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2021.1874302
- Permatasari, R. I., Hermawan, S., & Jaelani, A. K. (2022). Disabilities concessions in Indonesia: Fundamental problems and solutions. Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 30(2), 298–312. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v30i2.23814
- Pranowo, A. S. (2019). The role of Indonesian disability entrepreneurial empowerment on product quality and its impact on community trust. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(2), 1016–1020. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B1067.0982S919
- Prasetya, A., & Mawardi, M. K. (2019). Opportunities and challenges of entrepreneurship approach for people with disability empowerment in a developing country. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 93(AICoBPA 2018), 62–66. https://doi.org/10.2991/aicobpa-18.2019.14
- Puli, L., Layton, N., Bell, D., & Shahriar, A. Z. (2024). Financial inclusion for people with disability: A scoping review. Global Health Action, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2342634
- Ravesangar, K., Halid, H., & Singh, R. (2023). Social entrepreneurship for young people with disabilities: A conceptual analysis. Issues and Perspectives in Business and Social Sciences, 3(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.33093/ipbss.3.1.1
- Saaty, T. L. (1980). How to make a decision: The analytic hierarchy process.
- Salisu, I., Hashim, N., & Galadanchi, A. H. (2019). Entrepreneurial career resilience and entrepreneurial career success: Does entrepreneurial career commitment matter? Management Science Letters, 9(1), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2018.10.014
- Suardi, I., & Nugroho, A. E. (2021). Memperkuat resiliensi dan kemampuan adaptasi UMKM untuk percepatan pemulihan ekonomi pasca pandemi COVID-19.
- Usman, H., & Projo, N. W. (2021). Encouraging entrepreneurship for people with disabilities in Indonesia: The united nations’ ‘leave no one behind’ promise. Journal of Population and Social Studies, 29(January), 195–206. https://doi.org/10.25133/JPSSV292021.012
- Wicaksana, H., & Fauzi, M. (2024). Governance analysis framework of disabilities in Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 08(01), 30–47.
- Yessenia, V. L. R., Francisco, Á. R. D., & Yadira, R. S. (2022). Entrepreneurships of people with disabilities in the framework of sustainable management of the canton Pedernales-Ecuador. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 28(3), 235–250. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v28i3.38471
- Zutiasari, I., Rahayu, W. P., Martha, J. A., & Zumroh, S. (2021). Barriers to entrepreneurship education for disabilities in Indonesia. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 193(Bistic), 150–159.
References
Akhmad, K. A., & Santoso, T. J. (2023). Factors affecting the business development of women with disabilities in Indonesia. IJDS Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies, 10(1), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijds.2023.010.01.08
Bahry, N. S., Kori, N. L., Ali, A. M., Mat, A., & Azian, A. (2023). The challenges of disabled entrepreneurs: A systematic review. Journal of International Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.24191/jibe.v8i2.24044
Barba-Sánchez, V., Salinero, Y., Estévez, P. J., & Ruiz-Palomino, P. (2023). How entrepreneurship drives life satisfaction among people with intellectual disabilities (PwID): A mixed-method approach. Management Decision. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2022-1568
Betts, T., & Buzzanell, P. M. (2022). Enacting economic resilience: A synthesis of economic and communication frameworks. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15040178
Buzzanell, P. M. (2010). Resilience: Talking, resisting, and imagining new normalcies into being. Journal of Communication, 60(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01469.x
Buzzanell, P. M., & Turner, L. H. (2003). Emotion work revealed by job loss discourse: Backgrounding-foregrounding of feelings, construction of normalcy, and (re)instituting of traditional masculinities. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 31(1), 27–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909880305375
Cameron, L., & Suarez, D. C. (2017). Disability in Indonesia : What can we learn from the data? Australia Indonesia Partnership for Economic Governance, August, 65.
Canco, I., Kruja, D., & Iancu, T. (2021). AHP, a reliable method for quality decision making: A case study in business. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413932
Garcia, P. O., & Capitán, Á. J. O. (2021). Entrepreneurship for people with disabilities: From skills to social value. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.699833
Goodman, N., O’day, B., & Morris, M. (2017). Financial capability of adults with disabilities findings from the national financial capability study. National Disability Institute.
Hsieh, Y., Maria Josse Molina, V., & Weng, J. (2019). The road to entrepreneurship with impairments: A challenges-adaptive mechanisms-results model for disabled entrepreneurs. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 37(8), 761–779. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242619867654
IFC. (2024). Investing for inclusion : Exploring a disability lens.
Irwanto, Eva, R. K., Asmin, F., Mimi, L., & Okta, S. (2010). The situation of people with disability in Indonesia. Center For Disability Studies Universitas Indonesia, November, 11.
Istiqomah, N., Mafruhah, I., & Dewa, A. L. (2020). Sheltered workshop model on social protection and empowerment of people with disabilities (PwDs) to prepare competitive human resources in the era of the ASEAN economic community. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 12(8), 682–699.
Jayles, B., Cheong, S. A., & Herrmann, H. J. (2022). Modeling the resilience of social networks to lockdowns regarding the dynamics of meetings. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2022.127618
Jurado-Caraballo, M. Á., & Quintana-García, C. (2024). Disability inclusion in workplaces, firm performance, and reputation. European Management Journal, xxxx. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.08.001
Kašperová, E. (2018). Identity as a causal power: Contextualizing entrepreneurs’ concerns. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 19(4), 237–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750318763213
Larasati, D., Huda, K., Cote, A., Rahayu, K., & Siyaranamual, M. (2019). Policy brief: Inclusive social protection for persons with disability in Indonesia. https://bpjs-kesehatan.go.id/BPJS/index.php/post/read/2018/827/JKN-KIS-Ramah-Bagi-Penyandang-Disabilitas
Miethlich, B., & Oldenburg, A. G. (2019a). Employment of persons with disabilities as competitive advantage: An analysis of the competitive implications. Proceedings of the 33rd International Business Information Management Association Conference, IBIMA 2019: Education Excellence and Innovation Management through Vision 2020, 7146–7158. https://doi.org/10.33543/16002/71467158
Miethlich, B., & Oldenburg, A. G. (2019b). The employment of persons with disabilities as a strategic asset: A resource-based-view using the value-rarity-imitability-organization (VRIO) framework. Journal of Eastern Europe Research in Business and Economics, 2019, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5171/2019.667087
Mota, I., Marques, C., & Sacramento, O. (2020). Handicaps and new opportunity businesses: what do we (not) know about disabled entrepreneurs? Journal of Enterprising Communities, 14(3), 321–347. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-12-2019-0120
Muljono, P., Purwono, J., Cahyadi, E. R., & Hamzah. (2019). Economical empowerment index of Posdaya as participatory of community empowerment programe in Indonesia. Italian Sociological Review, 9(1), 65–96. https://doi.org/10.13136/isr.v9i1.230
Naami, A., Mills, A. A., & Abbey, E. (2023). Financial capability and asset building (FCAB) for persons with disabilities in Ghana: The role of social workers. Global Social Welfare, 10(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40609-022-00250-x
Norafandi, M. N. A., & Diah, N. M. (2017). The prospects of people with disabilities (PWDs) participationin entrepreneurship: The perspective of university students with physical and sensory disabilities. International Journal for Studies on Children, Women, Elderly And Disabled, 2(2011), 79–85.
Pérez-Macías, N., & Fernández, J. L. (2022). Personal and contextual factors influencing the entrepreneurial intentions of people with disabilities in Spain. Disability and Society, 37(7), 1216–1238. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2021.1874302
Permatasari, R. I., Hermawan, S., & Jaelani, A. K. (2022). Disabilities concessions in Indonesia: Fundamental problems and solutions. Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 30(2), 298–312. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v30i2.23814
Pranowo, A. S. (2019). The role of Indonesian disability entrepreneurial empowerment on product quality and its impact on community trust. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(2), 1016–1020. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B1067.0982S919
Prasetya, A., & Mawardi, M. K. (2019). Opportunities and challenges of entrepreneurship approach for people with disability empowerment in a developing country. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 93(AICoBPA 2018), 62–66. https://doi.org/10.2991/aicobpa-18.2019.14
Puli, L., Layton, N., Bell, D., & Shahriar, A. Z. (2024). Financial inclusion for people with disability: A scoping review. Global Health Action, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2342634
Ravesangar, K., Halid, H., & Singh, R. (2023). Social entrepreneurship for young people with disabilities: A conceptual analysis. Issues and Perspectives in Business and Social Sciences, 3(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.33093/ipbss.3.1.1
Saaty, T. L. (1980). How to make a decision: The analytic hierarchy process.
Salisu, I., Hashim, N., & Galadanchi, A. H. (2019). Entrepreneurial career resilience and entrepreneurial career success: Does entrepreneurial career commitment matter? Management Science Letters, 9(1), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2018.10.014
Suardi, I., & Nugroho, A. E. (2021). Memperkuat resiliensi dan kemampuan adaptasi UMKM untuk percepatan pemulihan ekonomi pasca pandemi COVID-19.
Usman, H., & Projo, N. W. (2021). Encouraging entrepreneurship for people with disabilities in Indonesia: The united nations’ ‘leave no one behind’ promise. Journal of Population and Social Studies, 29(January), 195–206. https://doi.org/10.25133/JPSSV292021.012
Wicaksana, H., & Fauzi, M. (2024). Governance analysis framework of disabilities in Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 08(01), 30–47.
Yessenia, V. L. R., Francisco, Á. R. D., & Yadira, R. S. (2022). Entrepreneurships of people with disabilities in the framework of sustainable management of the canton Pedernales-Ecuador. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 28(3), 235–250. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v28i3.38471
Zutiasari, I., Rahayu, W. P., Martha, J. A., & Zumroh, S. (2021). Barriers to entrepreneurship education for disabilities in Indonesia. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 193(Bistic), 150–159.