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Abstract
Ilmu fisiologi merupakan salah satu dasar ilmu pengetahuan kedokteran. Gangguan pada sistem fisiologi manusia dapat menjelaskan kejadian penyakit yang dialami oleh seorang pasien. Salah satu bagian fisiologi yang paling dasar adalah pengetahuan tentang interaksi biokimia dalam regulasi cairan tubuh. Sekitar 50-70% tubuh seorang manusia terdiri atas cairan. Karena proporsinya yang besar, perubahan pada kondisi cairan tubuh dapat memberikan efek besar bagi kelangsungan hidup manusia. Oleh sebab itu, tubuh akan berusaha untuk melakukan serangkaian regulasi cairan agar homeostasis dapat terjaga. Tinjauan pustaka ini ditulis untuk mengetahui interaksi biokimia dalam regulasi tersebut. Setelah menelusuri 9 (sembilan) literatur ilmiah berbeda, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa regulasi cairan tubuh manusia terdiri atas serangkaian tindakan untuk menjaga pH tubuh. Untuk melakukannya, tubuh menggunakan sistem dapar yang terdiri atas dapar kimia dan fisiologis yang didasarkan atas berbagai konsep biokimia, seperti osmolaritas, asam dan basa, larutan dapar, serta kesetimbangan kimia. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsep-konsep dasar biokimia memainkan peranan penting dalam praktik klinik ilmu kedokteran.
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