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Abstract
Pertumbuhan kanker dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya adalah angiogenesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktifitas anti kanker dari ekstrak n-heksan, etil asetat dan isolat pinostrobin dari rimpang temu kunci sebagai anti-angiogenesis pada membran korio alantois (CAM) embrio ayam yang diinduksi bFGF. Serbuk kering temu kunci dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksan dan etil asetat, ekstrak kemudian dipekatkan. Pinostrobin diisolasi dari ekstrak etil asetat dengan kromatografi cair vakum menggunakan gradient pelarut n-heksan:etil asetat, fraksi terbaik diambil untuk dilanjutkan dengan KLT preparatif. Hasil isolat diidentifikasi menggunakan KLT Densitometri dengan pembanding standar pinostrobin. Nilai panjang gelombang maksimum dari isolat dan standar pinostrobin masing-masing adalah 298 nm dan 299 nm. Uji anti angiogenik dilakukan pada telur berembrio umur 8-9 hari yang dibagi dalam dua belas kelompok perlakuan. kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Kelompok kontrol terdiri dari kelompok I (paper disc), kelompok II (bFGF), dan kelompok III (bFGF + 0,8 % DMSO). Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari kelompok IV (n-heksana 15 ug/ml), kelompok V (n-heksana 30 ug/ml), kelompok VI (n-heksana 60 ug/ml) , kelompok VII (etil asetat 15 mg/ml) , golongan VIII (etil asetat 30 mg/ml), kelompok IX (etil asetat 60 mg/ml), kelompok X (pinostrobin 10 nM), kelompok XI (pinostrobin 100 nM), kelompok XII (pinostrobin 1000 nM). Setelah diinkubasi selama 3 hari pada suhu 38,5°C, telur dibuka dan isi telur dikeluarkan, kemudian membran korioallantois yang melekat pada cangkang diamati secara makroskopik dan mikroskopik menggunakan antibodi VEGF. Pengamatan makroskopis menunjukkan bahwa pinostrobin memiliki efek anti angiogenesis dengan persentase daya hambat angiogenesis yang semakin tinggi seiring peningkatan dosis sedangkan pengamatan mikroskopis menunjukkan adanya sel endotel yang terekspresi oleh VEGF pada kelompok etil asetat dan isolat pinostrobin. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksan, etil asetat dan isolat pinostrobin memiliki efek sebagai anti angiogenesis melalui jalur penghambatan bFGF, sedangkan yang menghambat angiogenesis melalui jalur penghambatan VEGF hanya pada kelompok etil asetat dan isolat pinostrobin.
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References
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References
Anonim, 2012, Report to the nation finds continuing declines in cancer death rates since the early 1990s; Feature highlights cancers associated with excess weight and lack of sufficient physical activity, National Cancer Institute available at www.cancer.gov (diakses 5 Desember 2012)
Auerbach, Robert, 2008, Angiogenesis An Integrative Approach From Science to Medicine: Models for Angiogenesis, Edited by Figg W.D., Folkman, J., Springer Science+Business Media LLC, New York, 299-312.
Baird, Andrew, 2000, Angiogenesis in Health and Disease: Fibroblast Growth Factors and Their Receptor, Editor by Rubanyi G.M., Marcel Dekker Inc., USA, 75-88.
Balmer, C. Mc Manus, Valley A.W., and Iannucci, A., 2005, Pharmacotherapy, a Pathophysiologic Approach sixth edition: Cancer Treatment and Chemoterapy, Edited by DiPiro J.P, Talbert R.L., Yee G.C., Matzke G.R., Wells B.G., and Posey L.M., McGraw-Hill, London, 2279-2328.
De Jong, W., 2001, Kanker, Apa itu? Pengobatan, Harapan Hidup dan Dukungan Keluarga, diterjemahkan oleh Astoeti Suharto H., Penerbit Arcan, Jakarta, 159-174.
Eichhorn, M.E., Kleespies A., Angele M.K., Jauch K.W., dan Bruns C.J., 2007, Angiogenesis in cancer: molecular mechanisms clinical impact, Langenbecks Arch Surg (2007) 392:371–379.
Fahey, J.W., dan Stephenson, K.K., 2005, Pinostrobin from Honey and Thai Ginger (Boesenbergia pandurata): A Potent Flavonoid Inducer of Mammalian Phase 2 Chemoprotective and Antioxidant Enzymes, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine and Center forHuman Nutrition, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Maryland 21205.
Frisca, Sardjono, C.T., Sandra, F., 2009, ANGIOGENESIS: Patofisiologi dan Aplikasi Klinis, Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, (8): 174-187.
Medina, Patrick J., and Fausel, C., 2008, Pharmacotherapy, a Pathophysiologic Approach seventh edition: Cancer Treatment and Chemoterapy, Edited by DiPiro J.P, Talbert R.L., Yee G.C., Matzke G.R., Wells B.G., and Posey L.M., McGraw-Hill. London, 2085-2119.
Salamah,N., Sugiyanto, Hartati, M.S., Hayati, F., dan J. Pinus, 2009, Isolasi dan identifikasi eurycomanone akar pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia, Jack) serta uji anti-angiogenik, Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 20(3), 118 – 126.
Smolarz, E., Mendyk, A., Bogucka dan J., Kocki, 2006, Pinostrobin--an anti-leukemic flavonoid from Polygonum lapathifolium L. ssp. nodosum (Pers.) Dans., Journal of Bioscience, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, 60(1-2):64-8.
West, D.C., Thompson W.D., Sells P.G., and Burbridge M.F., 2001, Angiogenesis Protocols: Angiogenesis Assay Using Chick Chorioallantiocc Membrane, Editor by J.C. Murray, Humana Press Inc., New Jersey, 107-129.