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Abstract
Peel of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) contains xanthones especially α-mangostin which have antioxidant activity. The aim on this study was to determine the physical of lozenges extract from mangosteen peel with variation concentration of gelatin 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%, also to determine the effect formulations of powder into lozenges made with wet granulation method to the percentage reduction of the free radical. The ability of neutralizing free radicals were tested by treating the extract in DPPH with ratio of 3:1. Results showed the tablet hardness were 10.75 kg, 11.13 kg, 11.94 kg, 12.14 kg and 12.35 kg. The friability were 0.84%, 0.73%, 0.71%, 0.60% and 0.50%. Time soluble of the tablet were 7.05 minutes, 9.44 minutes, 9.57 minutes, 11.51 minutes and 13.62 minutes, respectively. Data was analyzed by oneway ANOVA with 95% confidence level. The results showed that all formulas gave better physical properties on granules and tablets produced. Higher concentration of gelatin decreased friability, increased hardness and time-soluble of lozenges. Formula 5 showed the best physical tablet. Percentage reduction of free radicals of extract with DPPH decreased 70.72% after formulated into lozenges.
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References
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- Pothitirat, W., and Gritsanapan, W., 2009, HPLC Quantitative Analysis Method for the Determination of α-Mangostin in Mangosteen Fruit Rind Extract, Journal of Agricultural Science, 42 (1) :7-12.
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- Satong, W., Assawarachan, R., and Noomhorm, A., 2011, The Influence of Drying Temperature and Extraction Methods on α-Mangostin in Mangosteen Pericarp, Journal of Science and Engineering 1 : 85-92.
References
Anonim., 1995, Farmakope Indonesia, Edisi IV, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta.
Cavin, A., Hostetman, K., Dyatmiko, W., and Potterat, O., 1998, Antioksidant and Lipophilic Constituents of Tinospora Crispa. Planta Medica 64 : 393-396.
Demirezer, L. O., Kruuzum, U. A., Bergere, I., Schiewe, H. J., and Zeeck, A., 2001, The structures of antioxidant and cytotoxic agents from natural source: antraquinones and tannin from roots of Rumex patientia. Phytochemistry, 58:1213-1217.
Dinas kesehatan., 1979, Simplisia, Farmakope Indonesia, Edisi III, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, 28-29.
Joon, K. W., 2009, Antioxidant Assays for Plant and Food Components, J.Agric. Food Chem, 57: 6655-6166.
Mendes R. W., and Bhargava, H., 2007, Lozenges in Swarbrick, James, Encyclopedia Of Pharmaceutical Technology 6 Vols 3rd ed, USA, 2231-2235.
Palakawong, C., Sophanodora, P., Pisuchpen, S. and Phongpaichit, S., 2010, Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of crude extracts from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) parts and some essential oils, International Food Research Journal, 17: 583-589.
Podczeck, F., 2009, Gelatin, In Rowe, Raymond C, heskey, Paul J., and Quinn, Marian E., (Eds.), Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sixth Edition, Pharmaceutical Press and American Pharmacists Association, London, 278-281.
Pothitirat, W., and Gritsanapan, W., 2009, HPLC Quantitative Analysis Method for the Determination of α-Mangostin in Mangosteen Fruit Rind Extract, Journal of Agricultural Science, 42 (1) :7-12.
Prior, R. R., Wu, X., and Schaich, K., 2005, Standarized Methods for The Determination Of Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolics in Foods and Dietary Suplements, J. Agric. Food Chem, 53 (6):1849.
Satong, W., Assawarachan, R., and Noomhorm, A., 2011, The Influence of Drying Temperature and Extraction Methods on α-Mangostin in Mangosteen Pericarp, Journal of Science and Engineering 1 : 85-92.