Main Article Content
Abstract
This study addresses the challenges and needs of Indonesian migrant workers in Malaysia, who encounter issues such as poor living conditions, limited healthcare access, inadequate education, and insufficient legal protection. Wage disparities and job availability in Indonesia drive migration to neighboring countries, but a lack of skills often results in serious problems like job mismatches, human trafficking, and illegal labor. The aim of this community services is to identify the initial needs for developing the Indonesian international migrant community in Malaysia, with synergy between Indonesian universities and international students in Malaysia. The study employs a qualitative approach through interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with migrant workers. Findings indicate that many migrants live in inadequate housing with limited access to clean water and sanitation. They also face significant barriers to accessing healthcare, education for their children, and legal protection. Recommendations include improving housing conditions, enhancing healthcare access, providing formal education for migrant children, ensuring legal protection, and promoting economic empowerment through entrepreneurship and financial management training. Effective development and improved welfare for migrants require collaboration between the government, NGOs, universities, and local communities.
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2024 Suhada Suhada, Fahmy Akbar Idries, Rifqi Syarif Nasrulloh, Novi Diah Wulandari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Economic Journal of Emerging Markets by Center for Economic Studies, Universitas Islam Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
- Adara, D. L. (2023). Pendekatan Implementasi Peran International Organization For Migration (Iom) Indonesia Dalam Menangani Perdagangan Manusia Pekerja Migran Indonesia Di Malaysia Pada Tahun 2018-2021 SKRIPSI.
- Castles, S. (2011). Bringing Human Rights into the Migration and Development Debate: Human Rights, Migration and Development. Global Policy, 2(3), 248–258. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2011.00116.x
- Cicilia Anggi Sholina. (2022). Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Asasi Anak Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Di Perkebunan Sawit Di Wilayah Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia. Jurnal Pembangunan Manusia, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.7454/jpm.v3i1.1029
- Crépeau, F., & Atak, I. (2016). Global Migration Governance: Avoiding Commitments on Human Rights Yet Tracing a Course for Cooperation. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 34(2), 113–146. https://doi.org/10.1177/016934411603400203
- Extending Social Protection to Migrant Workers, Refugees and Their Families: A Guide for Policymakers and Practitioners. (2021). International Labour Organisation (ILO).
- Foley, L., & Piper, N. (2021). Returning home empty handed: Examining how COVID-19 exacerbates the non-payment of temporary migrant workers’ wages. Global Social Policy, 21(3), 468–489. https://doi.org/10.1177/14680181211012958
- Internationale Arbeitsorganisation & Internationale Arbeitsorganisation (Eds.). (2021). ILO global estimates on international migrant workers: Results and methodology (Third edition). ILO.
- Iredale, R. (1999). The Need to Import Skilled Personnel: Factors Favouring and Hindering its International Mobility. International Migration, 37(1), 89–123. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2435.00067
- Maksum, A. (2021). Indonesian post-migrant workers: A challenging problem for human security. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 4(1), 100223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100223
- Nugrahaningsih, N., Alunaza, H., & Lutfie, R. Z. (2020). The Role of International Organization for Migration in Handling Human Trafficking in Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.91163
- Oomen, B., & Baumgärtel, M. (2018). Frontier Cities: The Rise of Local Authorities as an Opportunity for International Human Rights Law. European Journal of International Law, 29(2), 607–630. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chy021
- Pangsapa, P. (2015). When Battlefields become Marketplaces: Migrant Workers and the Role of Civil Society and NGO Activism in Thailand. International Migration, 53(3), 124–149. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2009.00559.x
- Pemerintah Indonesia. (2017). "Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 201 tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia
- Prianto, A. L., Amri, A. R., & Ajis, M. N. (2023). Governance and Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia. Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights, 7(2), 214. https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v7i2.44185
- Safitri, D., & Wibisono, A. A. (2023). Keamanan Manusia Pekerja Migran Indonesia: Ketidakamanan dan Perlindungannya. Intermestic: Journal of International Studies, 7(2), 741. https://doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v7n2.17
- Saleh, R., Adnan, R. S., & Raharto, A. (2023). Pemberdayaan komunitas purna Pekerja Migran Indonesia melalui organisasi berbasis komunitas Forum Warga Buruh Migran. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 17(2), 219. https://doi.org/10.14203/jki.v17i2.754
- Satriawan, D., Pitoyo, A. J., & Giyarsih, S. R. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepemilikan Jaminan Kesehatan Pekerja Sektor Informal di Indonesia. TATALOKA, 23(2), 263–280. https://doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.23.2.263-280
- Scholten, P. (Ed.). (2022). Introduction to Migration Studies: An Interactive Guide to the Literatures on Migration and Diversity. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92377-8
- Segal, U. A. (2019). Globalization, migration, and ethnicity. Public Health, 172, 135–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.04.011
- Tandos, R. (2022). Developing A Model for Women Economic Empowerment for Indonesian Former Migrant Workers. Asian Social Work Journal, 7(4), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.47405/aswj.v7i4.219
- Testaverde, M., Moroz, H., Hollweg, C. H., & Schmillen, A. (2017). Migrating to opportunity: Overcoming barriers to labor mobility in Southeast Asia. World Bank Group. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1106-7
- UNESCO. (2021). Global Education Monitoring Report 2021/2: Non-state actors in education: Who chooses? Who loses? UNESCO. https://doi.org/10.54676/XJFS2343.
References
Adara, D. L. (2023). Pendekatan Implementasi Peran International Organization For Migration (Iom) Indonesia Dalam Menangani Perdagangan Manusia Pekerja Migran Indonesia Di Malaysia Pada Tahun 2018-2021 SKRIPSI.
Castles, S. (2011). Bringing Human Rights into the Migration and Development Debate: Human Rights, Migration and Development. Global Policy, 2(3), 248–258. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2011.00116.x
Cicilia Anggi Sholina. (2022). Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Asasi Anak Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Di Perkebunan Sawit Di Wilayah Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia. Jurnal Pembangunan Manusia, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.7454/jpm.v3i1.1029
Crépeau, F., & Atak, I. (2016). Global Migration Governance: Avoiding Commitments on Human Rights Yet Tracing a Course for Cooperation. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 34(2), 113–146. https://doi.org/10.1177/016934411603400203
Extending Social Protection to Migrant Workers, Refugees and Their Families: A Guide for Policymakers and Practitioners. (2021). International Labour Organisation (ILO).
Foley, L., & Piper, N. (2021). Returning home empty handed: Examining how COVID-19 exacerbates the non-payment of temporary migrant workers’ wages. Global Social Policy, 21(3), 468–489. https://doi.org/10.1177/14680181211012958
Internationale Arbeitsorganisation & Internationale Arbeitsorganisation (Eds.). (2021). ILO global estimates on international migrant workers: Results and methodology (Third edition). ILO.
Iredale, R. (1999). The Need to Import Skilled Personnel: Factors Favouring and Hindering its International Mobility. International Migration, 37(1), 89–123. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2435.00067
Maksum, A. (2021). Indonesian post-migrant workers: A challenging problem for human security. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 4(1), 100223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100223
Nugrahaningsih, N., Alunaza, H., & Lutfie, R. Z. (2020). The Role of International Organization for Migration in Handling Human Trafficking in Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.91163
Oomen, B., & Baumgärtel, M. (2018). Frontier Cities: The Rise of Local Authorities as an Opportunity for International Human Rights Law. European Journal of International Law, 29(2), 607–630. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chy021
Pangsapa, P. (2015). When Battlefields become Marketplaces: Migrant Workers and the Role of Civil Society and NGO Activism in Thailand. International Migration, 53(3), 124–149. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2009.00559.x
Pemerintah Indonesia. (2017). "Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 201 tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia
Prianto, A. L., Amri, A. R., & Ajis, M. N. (2023). Governance and Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia. Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights, 7(2), 214. https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v7i2.44185
Safitri, D., & Wibisono, A. A. (2023). Keamanan Manusia Pekerja Migran Indonesia: Ketidakamanan dan Perlindungannya. Intermestic: Journal of International Studies, 7(2), 741. https://doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v7n2.17
Saleh, R., Adnan, R. S., & Raharto, A. (2023). Pemberdayaan komunitas purna Pekerja Migran Indonesia melalui organisasi berbasis komunitas Forum Warga Buruh Migran. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 17(2), 219. https://doi.org/10.14203/jki.v17i2.754
Satriawan, D., Pitoyo, A. J., & Giyarsih, S. R. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepemilikan Jaminan Kesehatan Pekerja Sektor Informal di Indonesia. TATALOKA, 23(2), 263–280. https://doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.23.2.263-280
Scholten, P. (Ed.). (2022). Introduction to Migration Studies: An Interactive Guide to the Literatures on Migration and Diversity. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92377-8
Segal, U. A. (2019). Globalization, migration, and ethnicity. Public Health, 172, 135–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.04.011
Tandos, R. (2022). Developing A Model for Women Economic Empowerment for Indonesian Former Migrant Workers. Asian Social Work Journal, 7(4), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.47405/aswj.v7i4.219
Testaverde, M., Moroz, H., Hollweg, C. H., & Schmillen, A. (2017). Migrating to opportunity: Overcoming barriers to labor mobility in Southeast Asia. World Bank Group. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1106-7
UNESCO. (2021). Global Education Monitoring Report 2021/2: Non-state actors in education: Who chooses? Who loses? UNESCO. https://doi.org/10.54676/XJFS2343.