Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose – This study aims to analyze the influence of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, service quality, and religious tourism literacy on people's intention in recommending and returning to religious tourism destinations.
Research methods – The data source for this research was a survey method with a questionnaire distributed via broadcast on social media. This research uses a quantitative data processing method using structural equation modeling partial least squares (SEM-PLS) analysis with the SmartPLS 3.3 statistical tool.
Findings – The results of this study show that subjective norms (SN), attitudes (ATT), and religious tourism literacy (RTL) have a significant influence on the intention to recommend and revisit religious tourism. Meanwhile, service quality (SQ) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were not accepted and did not have a significant effect on the intention to recommend and revisit religious tourism.
Implications – The government can also focus on developing religious tourism literacy programs to increase public knowledge, which, in turn, can enhance interest, positive attitudes, and the intention to recommend and revisit. Considering these implications, destination managers and stakeholders can design more effective strategies to enhance attractiveness and visitor satisfaction and contribute to the sustainable development of religious tourism.
Originality – This model adopts the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by incorporating service quality and religious tourism literacy. Service quality and religious tourism literacy are considered appropriate factors to capture issues related to the community's intention to recommend and revisit religious tourism destinations
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2023 Heri Sudarsono, Zuhdi Mu'ammar, Asri Noer Rahmi, Weni Hawariyuni
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References
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- Abror, A., Wardi, Y., Trinanda, O., & Patrisia, D. (2019). The impact of Halal tourism, customer engagement on satisfaction: moderating effect of religiosity. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(7), 633–643. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1611609
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Academia Press.Inc.
- Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitude, personality, and behavior, 2nd ed. Open University Press.
- Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(4), 665–683. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x
- Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113-1127, https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.613995
- Anam, M. M., (2017). Strategi ikonik wisata untuk memperkenalkan kota Malang sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata religi. PESONA; Jurnal Pariwisata Pesona, 2(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.26905/jpp.v2i2.1488
- Cheer, J. M., Belhassen, Y., & Kujawa, J. (2017). The search for spirituality in tourism: Toward a conceptual framework for spiritual tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 24, 252–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.07.018
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- Faletehan, A. F. (2019). ‘Serenity, sustainability dan spirituality’ dalam industri manajemen wisata religi. Jurnal Pariwisata, 6, 16–32. https://doi.org/10.31294/par.v6i1.4780
- Howat, G., Crilley, G., & Mcgrath, R. (2008) A focused service quality, benefits, overall satisfaction and loyalty model for public aquatic centres. Managing Leisure, 13(3-4), 139-161. https://doi.org/10.1080/13606710802200829
- Huang, K., Pearce, P., Guo, Q. & Shen, S. (2020), Visitors’ spiritual values and relevant influencing factors in religious tourism destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(3), 314-324. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2337
- Huber, S., & Huber, O. W. (2012). The centrality of religiosity scale (CRS). Religions, 3(3), 710–724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ rel3030710
- Iriobe, O. C. & Abiola-Oke, E. (2019), Moderating effect of the use of e-WOM on subjective norms, behavioural control and religious tourist revisit intention. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 7(3), 38-47. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3412517
- Jaelani, A. (2017). Halal tourism industry in Indonesia: Potential and prospects. International Review of Management and Marketing, 7(3) http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2899864
- Kim, M. K., Park, M. C. & Jeong, D. H. (2004), The effects of customer satisfaction and switching barrier on customer loyalty in Korean mobile telecommunication services. Telecommunications Policy, 28(2), 145-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2003.12.003
- Lam, T. & Hsu, C. H. C. (2006), Predicting behavioral intention of choosing a travel destination. Tourism Management, 27 (4), 589-599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.02.003
- Madyan, M., Kholidah, H. S. D. F., & Laila, N. (2018). Dampak ekonomi wisata religi, studi kasus kawasan wisata Sunan Ampel Surabaya. BISMA (Bisnis dan Manajemen), 7(2), 101–106. https://doi.org/10.26740/bisma.v7n2.p101-106
- Mital, M., Chang, V., Choudhary, P., Papa, A. & Pani, A. K. (2018), Adoption of internet of things in India: A test of competing models using a structured equation modelling approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 136, 339-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.03.001 Nik
- Ohlan, R. & Ohlan, A. (2023), Religious tourism scholarship: current state and future research directions. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2023-0152
- Rukuiziene, R. (2009). Rural tourism service quality management: Theoretical Approach. Rural development 2009: 4th international scientific conference, 15-17 October, 2009, 4(1), 135-140. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12259/81959
- Sari, F. K., Safitri, N., & Anggraini, W. (2019). Persepsi, sikap dan minat pariwisata halal di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Ihtifaz: Journal of Islamic Economics, Finance, and Banking, 2, 137–155. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijiefb.v2i2.857
- Sekaran, U. (2013), Research methods for business (6th Ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
- Sudarsono, H, Ash Shidiqie, J. S., & Tumewang, Y. K. (2021). The Impact of religiosity and Knowledge on the intention of young Muslim generation toward halal tourism in Indonesia. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 27(2), 255-272. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.2.2
- Sudarsono, H., & Nugrohowati, R. N. I. (2020). Determinant of the intention to consume halal food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. Journal of Asian Finance Economics and Business, 7(10), 831-841. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no10.831
- Wang, J., & Ritchie, B. W. (2010), A theoretical model for strategic crisis planning: Factors influencing crisis planning in the hotel industry. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 3(4), 297-317. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2010.040390
- Widodo, T., & Indriyanto, E. R. (2022). Strategy for development of religious tourism village Sentono Tomb, Gogodalem Village, Bringin District, Semarang Regency. Abdi Makarti, 1(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.52353/abdimakarti.v1i1.263
- Wirakurnia, A. B., Nuanmark, P., Sudarsono, H., & Ramadhana, A. (2021). Do religiosity, halal knowledge, and halal certification affect Muslim students' intention to purchase halal packaged food? Asian Journal of Islamic Management, 3(2), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.20885/ajim.vol3.iss2.art3.
- Wong, Y. J., Rew, L., & Slaikeu, K. D. (2006). A systematic review of recent research on adolescent religiosity/ spirituality and mental health. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 27(2), 161– 183. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840500436941
- Zarrad, H. & Debabi, M. (2015), Analyzing the effect of electronic word of mouth on tourists' attitude toward destination and travel intention, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(4), 53-60. http://www.isca.in/IJSS/Archive/v4/i4/7.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-019.php
References
Abbate, C. S., & Di Nuovo, S. (2013), Motivation and personality traits for choosing religious tourism. A research on the case of Medjugorje. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(5), 501-506. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2012.749844
Abror, A., Wardi, Y., Trinanda, O., & Patrisia, D. (2019). The impact of Halal tourism, customer engagement on satisfaction: moderating effect of religiosity. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(7), 633–643. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1611609
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Academia Press.Inc.
Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitude, personality, and behavior, 2nd ed. Open University Press.
Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(4), 665–683. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x
Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113-1127, https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.613995
Anam, M. M., (2017). Strategi ikonik wisata untuk memperkenalkan kota Malang sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata religi. PESONA; Jurnal Pariwisata Pesona, 2(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.26905/jpp.v2i2.1488
Cheer, J. M., Belhassen, Y., & Kujawa, J. (2017). The search for spirituality in tourism: Toward a conceptual framework for spiritual tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 24, 252–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.07.018
Collins-Kreiner, N. (2020), A review of research into religion and tourism launching the annals of tourism research curated collection on religion and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 82, 102892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102892
Faletehan, A. F. (2019). ‘Serenity, sustainability dan spirituality’ dalam industri manajemen wisata religi. Jurnal Pariwisata, 6, 16–32. https://doi.org/10.31294/par.v6i1.4780
Howat, G., Crilley, G., & Mcgrath, R. (2008) A focused service quality, benefits, overall satisfaction and loyalty model for public aquatic centres. Managing Leisure, 13(3-4), 139-161. https://doi.org/10.1080/13606710802200829
Huang, K., Pearce, P., Guo, Q. & Shen, S. (2020), Visitors’ spiritual values and relevant influencing factors in religious tourism destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(3), 314-324. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2337
Huber, S., & Huber, O. W. (2012). The centrality of religiosity scale (CRS). Religions, 3(3), 710–724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ rel3030710
Iriobe, O. C. & Abiola-Oke, E. (2019), Moderating effect of the use of e-WOM on subjective norms, behavioural control and religious tourist revisit intention. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 7(3), 38-47. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3412517
Jaelani, A. (2017). Halal tourism industry in Indonesia: Potential and prospects. International Review of Management and Marketing, 7(3) http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2899864
Kim, M. K., Park, M. C. & Jeong, D. H. (2004), The effects of customer satisfaction and switching barrier on customer loyalty in Korean mobile telecommunication services. Telecommunications Policy, 28(2), 145-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2003.12.003
Lam, T. & Hsu, C. H. C. (2006), Predicting behavioral intention of choosing a travel destination. Tourism Management, 27 (4), 589-599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.02.003
Madyan, M., Kholidah, H. S. D. F., & Laila, N. (2018). Dampak ekonomi wisata religi, studi kasus kawasan wisata Sunan Ampel Surabaya. BISMA (Bisnis dan Manajemen), 7(2), 101–106. https://doi.org/10.26740/bisma.v7n2.p101-106
Mital, M., Chang, V., Choudhary, P., Papa, A. & Pani, A. K. (2018), Adoption of internet of things in India: A test of competing models using a structured equation modelling approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 136, 339-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.03.001 Nik
Ohlan, R. & Ohlan, A. (2023), Religious tourism scholarship: current state and future research directions. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2023-0152
Rukuiziene, R. (2009). Rural tourism service quality management: Theoretical Approach. Rural development 2009: 4th international scientific conference, 15-17 October, 2009, 4(1), 135-140. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12259/81959
Sari, F. K., Safitri, N., & Anggraini, W. (2019). Persepsi, sikap dan minat pariwisata halal di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Ihtifaz: Journal of Islamic Economics, Finance, and Banking, 2, 137–155. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijiefb.v2i2.857
Sekaran, U. (2013), Research methods for business (6th Ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Sudarsono, H, Ash Shidiqie, J. S., & Tumewang, Y. K. (2021). The Impact of religiosity and Knowledge on the intention of young Muslim generation toward halal tourism in Indonesia. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 27(2), 255-272. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.2.2
Sudarsono, H., & Nugrohowati, R. N. I. (2020). Determinant of the intention to consume halal food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. Journal of Asian Finance Economics and Business, 7(10), 831-841. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no10.831
Wang, J., & Ritchie, B. W. (2010), A theoretical model for strategic crisis planning: Factors influencing crisis planning in the hotel industry. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 3(4), 297-317. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2010.040390
Widodo, T., & Indriyanto, E. R. (2022). Strategy for development of religious tourism village Sentono Tomb, Gogodalem Village, Bringin District, Semarang Regency. Abdi Makarti, 1(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.52353/abdimakarti.v1i1.263
Wirakurnia, A. B., Nuanmark, P., Sudarsono, H., & Ramadhana, A. (2021). Do religiosity, halal knowledge, and halal certification affect Muslim students' intention to purchase halal packaged food? Asian Journal of Islamic Management, 3(2), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.20885/ajim.vol3.iss2.art3.
Wong, Y. J., Rew, L., & Slaikeu, K. D. (2006). A systematic review of recent research on adolescent religiosity/ spirituality and mental health. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 27(2), 161– 183. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840500436941
Zarrad, H. & Debabi, M. (2015), Analyzing the effect of electronic word of mouth on tourists' attitude toward destination and travel intention, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(4), 53-60. http://www.isca.in/IJSS/Archive/v4/i4/7.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-019.php