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Abstract
The Indonesian Maritime Continent has high rainfall variability with one of the causes, namely the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO), especially in phases 3, 4, and 5. Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) and rainfall have a correlation with one another. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of MJO on rainfall conditions in terms of intensity and frequency of occurrence every three months from 2013-2022 in Jakarta, Bogor, and Tangerang. The research method used is descriptive statistical analysis in the form of quarterly rainfall averages and anomalies as well as the Pearson correlation test. The data used is daily rainfall data for the 2013-2022 period. The results of the descriptive analysis show that the highest average rainfall occurs in the DJF period and the lowest is in the JJA period with the anomalies occurring in the DJF and JJA periods. On the other hand, the lowest frequency of strong and weak MJO events occurs during JJA, while the highest occurs during the DJF period. The correlation test conducted between the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) and rainfall found that the highest positive correlation value was 0.197073 on MAM and the highest negative correlation on SON was -0.11866, so the relationship is weak.
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References
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- R. Hidayat, “Modulation of Indonesian Rainfall Variability by the Madden-julian Oscillation,” Procedia Environ Sci, vol. 33, pp. 167–177, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.proenv.2016.03.067.
- S. C. Peatman, A. J. Matthews, and D. P. Stevens, “Propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation through the Maritime Continent and scale interaction with the diurnal cycle of precipitation,” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol. 140, no. 680, pp. 814–825, 2014, doi: 10.1002/qj.2161.
- R. A. Madden and P. R. Julian, “Description of Global-Scale Circulation Cells in the Tropics with a 40–50 Day Period,” J Atmos Sci, vol. 29, no. 6, 1972.
- C. Zhang, “Madden-Julian Oscillation,” Reviews of Geophysics, vol. 43, no. 2. pp. 1–36, Jun. 2005. doi: 10.1029/2004RG000158.
- M. C. Wheeler and H. H. Hendon, “An All-Season Real-Time Multivariate MJO Index: Development of an Index for Monitoring and Prediction,” 2004.
- R. Hidayat and S. Kizu, “Influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on Indonesian rainfall variability in austral summer,” International Journal of Climatology, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 1816–1825, Oct. 2010, doi: 10.1002/joc.2005.
- W. Jan Pattipeilohy et al., “ANALISIS PENGARUH MADDEN JULIAN OSCILLATION (MJO) TERHADAP ANOMALI CURAH HUJAN DI WILAYAH NGURAH RAI,” 2019. [Online]. Available: http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/mjo/.
- B. Suhardi, H. Saputra, and dan Leni Jantika Haswan Stasiun Klimatologi Bogor, “Pengaruh Madden Julian Oscillation Terhadap Kejadian Curah Hujan Ekstrem Di Provinsi Jawa Barat (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Sukabumi),” 2018.
- A. Adhary Arbain et al., “PENGARUH MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI TEMPORAL DAN PROPAGASI HUJAN BERDASARKAN PENGAMATAN RADAR CUACA (Studi Kasus : Intensive Observation Period 2016 di Wilayah Jakarta dan Sekitarnya) The Influence of Madden-Julian Oscillation on Temporal Distribution and Rain Propagation Based on Weather Radar Observation (Case Study : 2016 Intensive Observation Period in the Jakarta Area and Its Surroundings),” 2017.
- A. Purwaningsih, T. Hardjana, E. Hermawan, D. Fatria Andarini, P. Sains dan Teknologi Atmosfer, and L. Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional Jl Djunjunan No, “Precipitation and Extreme Precipitation Condition during Strong and Weak MJO: Spatial and Temporal Distribution in Indonesia,” 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.
- A. H. Al Habib, H. N. Mahron, K. N. Cahyo, and I. R. Nugraheni, “Identifikasi Pola Curah Hujan Diurnal Menggunakan Citra Satelit GSMAP (Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation) di Wilayah Jabodetabek,” in In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Geografi III, UGM, 2020.
- Prihatini, H. T. Djatmiko, and Y. S. Swarinoto, “Kaitan Southern Oscillation Index Dengan Total Hujan Bulanan di Pontianak,” Jurnal Meterologi & Geologi, vol. 1, no. 1, 2000.
- S. B. Sipayung, L. Q. Avia, and B. D. Dasanto, “Analisis pola curah hujan indonesia berbasis luaran model sirkulasi global (GCM),” Jurnal Sains Dirgantara, vol. 4, no. 2, 2010.
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- E. Aldrian and R. D. Susanto, “Identification of three dominant rainfall regions within Indonesia and their relationship to sea surface temperature,” International Journal of Climatology, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1435–1452, 2003.
References
A. R. As-Syakur et al., “Maritime Continent rainfall variability during the TRMM era: The role of monsoon, topography and El Niño Modoki.,” 2016. doi: 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2016.05.004.
S. Lestari, J. I. Hamada, F. Syamsudin, Sunaryo, J. Matsumoto, and M. D. Yamanaka, “ENSO influences on rainfall extremes around Sulawesi and Maluku Islands in the eastern Indonesian maritime continent,” Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 37–41, 2016, doi: 10.2151/sola.2016-008.
R. Hidayat, “Modulation of Indonesian Rainfall Variability by the Madden-julian Oscillation,” Procedia Environ Sci, vol. 33, pp. 167–177, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.proenv.2016.03.067.
S. C. Peatman, A. J. Matthews, and D. P. Stevens, “Propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation through the Maritime Continent and scale interaction with the diurnal cycle of precipitation,” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol. 140, no. 680, pp. 814–825, 2014, doi: 10.1002/qj.2161.
R. A. Madden and P. R. Julian, “Description of Global-Scale Circulation Cells in the Tropics with a 40–50 Day Period,” J Atmos Sci, vol. 29, no. 6, 1972.
C. Zhang, “Madden-Julian Oscillation,” Reviews of Geophysics, vol. 43, no. 2. pp. 1–36, Jun. 2005. doi: 10.1029/2004RG000158.
M. C. Wheeler and H. H. Hendon, “An All-Season Real-Time Multivariate MJO Index: Development of an Index for Monitoring and Prediction,” 2004.
R. Hidayat and S. Kizu, “Influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on Indonesian rainfall variability in austral summer,” International Journal of Climatology, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 1816–1825, Oct. 2010, doi: 10.1002/joc.2005.
W. Jan Pattipeilohy et al., “ANALISIS PENGARUH MADDEN JULIAN OSCILLATION (MJO) TERHADAP ANOMALI CURAH HUJAN DI WILAYAH NGURAH RAI,” 2019. [Online]. Available: http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/mjo/.
B. Suhardi, H. Saputra, and dan Leni Jantika Haswan Stasiun Klimatologi Bogor, “Pengaruh Madden Julian Oscillation Terhadap Kejadian Curah Hujan Ekstrem Di Provinsi Jawa Barat (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Sukabumi),” 2018.
A. Adhary Arbain et al., “PENGARUH MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI TEMPORAL DAN PROPAGASI HUJAN BERDASARKAN PENGAMATAN RADAR CUACA (Studi Kasus : Intensive Observation Period 2016 di Wilayah Jakarta dan Sekitarnya) The Influence of Madden-Julian Oscillation on Temporal Distribution and Rain Propagation Based on Weather Radar Observation (Case Study : 2016 Intensive Observation Period in the Jakarta Area and Its Surroundings),” 2017.
A. Purwaningsih, T. Hardjana, E. Hermawan, D. Fatria Andarini, P. Sains dan Teknologi Atmosfer, and L. Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional Jl Djunjunan No, “Precipitation and Extreme Precipitation Condition during Strong and Weak MJO: Spatial and Temporal Distribution in Indonesia,” 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.
A. H. Al Habib, H. N. Mahron, K. N. Cahyo, and I. R. Nugraheni, “Identifikasi Pola Curah Hujan Diurnal Menggunakan Citra Satelit GSMAP (Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation) di Wilayah Jabodetabek,” in In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Geografi III, UGM, 2020.
Prihatini, H. T. Djatmiko, and Y. S. Swarinoto, “Kaitan Southern Oscillation Index Dengan Total Hujan Bulanan di Pontianak,” Jurnal Meterologi & Geologi, vol. 1, no. 1, 2000.
S. B. Sipayung, L. Q. Avia, and B. D. Dasanto, “Analisis pola curah hujan indonesia berbasis luaran model sirkulasi global (GCM),” Jurnal Sains Dirgantara, vol. 4, no. 2, 2010.
H. S. Lee, “General Rainfall Patterns in Indonesia and the Potential Impacts of Local Seas on Rainfall Intensity,” Water (Switzerland), vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1751–1768, Apr. 2015, doi: 10.3390/w7041751.
E. Aldrian and R. D. Susanto, “Identification of three dominant rainfall regions within Indonesia and their relationship to sea surface temperature,” International Journal of Climatology, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1435–1452, 2003.