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Abstract
In the last three decades, Islamic economics and finance have experienced significant developments. At the same time, several problems arise, not only technical but also epistemological. On that basis, the author is interested in studying Abbas Mirakhor’s epistemological thought, in the hope of providing answers to these problems while providing direction for the next steps. As a qualitative study, the primary data source of this research is the work of Abbas Mirakhor. This study uses philosophical, sociological and historical approaches in addition to the literature review approach. The results of the study show that in the view of Abbas Mirakhor, the source of the formulation of the Islamic economic concept is the Qur’an, Sunnah, and Islamic jurisprudence. The reading of the Qur’an and Sunnah is done through the perspective of the NIE (New Institutional Economics). Through this approach, where Islam is placed as a rule-based system, the Islamic economic scaffolding formulation consists of rules about property, markets, distribution and redistribution, risk sharing, contracts, and trusts. Adherence to institutional scaffolding correlates with economic growth. This institutional scaffolding is supported by an incentive structure through the concept of barakah.
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References
- Ahmed, Abdulrahmen Yousri, “The Scientific Approach to Islamic Economis : Philosophy, Theoritical Construction anda Applicability”, dalam Habid Ahmed (edt), 2002, Theoritical Foundation of Islamic Economics, Jeddah : IRTI
- Amien, Miska Muhammad, 2006, Epistemologi Islam: Pengantar Filsafat Pengetahuan Islam, Jakarta: UI-Press
- Ansari, Valeed Ahmad, 2016, Islamic Eco, Vol 29, no 2, p 169-174, Juli
- Askari, Hossein dan Khan, Mohammad, 2015, Islamicity Index : The Seed For Change,, New York : Palgrave Macmillan
- -----, 2013, “Economic Development ini Islam”, dalam Zamir Iqbal dan Abbas Mirakhor (edt), 2013, "Economic Development and Islamic Finance," Washington : World Bank Publications
- -----, dan Rehman, Scheherazade, 2013, “A Survey of the Economics Development of OIC Countries”, dalam. Amir Iqbal dan Abbas Mirakhor (ed.), Economic Development and Islamic Finance, Washington Dc : World Bank
- Behdad, Sohrab, 1994, “A Disputed Utopia: Islamic Economics in Revolutionary Iran,” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 36 (4), (Okt.), hlm. 775-813.
- Chapra, Umer, 2000, The Future of Economics: An Islamic Perspective, Leicester: The Islamic Foundation
- Cizakca, Murat, 2013, “Finance and Development in Islam : A Historical Perspective and a Brief Look Forward,” dalam Zamir Iqbal dan Abbas Mirakhor (edt), "Economic Development and Islamic Finance," Washington : World Bank Publications
- Earle, William James, 1992, Introduction to Philosophy, New York-Toronto: Me. Graw-Hill, Inc
- Endraswara, Suwardi, 2012, Filsafat Ilmu: Konsep, Sejarah, dan Pengembangan Metode Ilmiah, Yogyakarta: CAPS, Centre of Academic Publishing Service
- Furqani, Hafas, 2015, “Foundational challenges in the construction of an Islamic economics discipline”, Int. J. Pluralism and Economics Education, Vol. 6, No. 4,
- Hamad,, Ibnu, 2007, “Lebih Dekat dengan Analisis acana,” Mediator, Vol. 8, No 2, Desember
- Hamlyn, D.W., 1990, "History of Epistemology" dalam Paul Edward (ed.), 1990, The Encidopedia of Philosophy, New York-London: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., dan The Free Press
- Haneef, Mohamed Aslam dan Furqani, Hafas, 2011, “Methodology Of Islamic Economics: Overview Of Present State And Future Direction” International Journal of Economics, Management & Accounting, 19, no. 1, International Islamic University Malaysia
- Harrison, Tinna dan Ibrahim, Essam (edt),2016, Islamic Finance : Principles, Performance, and Prospect, ttt: Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_Mirakhor, diakses pada hari Sabtu tanggal 6 Januari 2018
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Centre_for_Education_in_Islamic_Finance, diakses pada hari Sabtu tanggal 6 Januari 2018
- https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomi_institusional, diakses pada hari Kamis, tangal 1 Maret 2018
- IFSB IFSI Stability Report tahun 2017
- Iqbal, Munawar dkk (ed.), 2007, Advance in Islamic Economisc and Finance , Proceeding of 6th International Conference on Islamic Economics and Finance, Saudi Arabi : IDB/IRTI
- Iqbal, Zamir dan Mirakhor, Abbas, 2011, An Introduction to Islamic Finance, Singapura : John Wiley and Sons
- Islahi, Abdul Azim, 2015, “First vs. second generation Islamic economists: Deviations and differences in thought”, MPRA Paper No. 68353, posted 12. December
- Jalaluddin, 2013, Filsafat Ilmu Pengetahuan, Cet 1, Jakarta: Rajawali Press
- Kahf, Monzer, “Islamic Economics, What Went Wrong ?”, hlm. 7, dikutip dari http://monzer.kahf.com/papers/english/ISLAMIC_ECONOMICS_what_went_wrong_SEPT_03_IRTI.pdf, diakses pada hari Kamis tanggal 4 Januari 2018, jam 19.30 WIB., hlm. 5
- Khan, Muhammad Akram, 2013, Whats is Wrong with Islamic Economics Analysing the present state and Future Agenda, UK : Edward Elgar
- Mariyani-Squire, Edward, 2013, “Tensions in Islamic Economics”, Trikonomika, Volume 12, No. 1, Juni
- Miles, Mathew B dan Huberman, A Michael, 1992, Analisis Data Kualitatif, Buku Sumber tentang Metode-Metode Baru, Jakarta : UI Press
- Mirakhor Abbas dan Hossein Askari, 2010, Islam and the Path to Human and Economic Development, Unites Stated : Palgrav Macmillan
- -----, dan Askari, Hossein, 2017, Ideal Islamic Economy : An Introduction, Singapura : John Wiley & Sons, 2017
- -----, dan Bao, Wang Yong, “Epistemological Foundation of Finance : Islamic and Conventional”, dalam Zamir Iqbal dan Abbas Mirakhor (edt), 2013, "Economic Development and Islamic Finance,", Washington : World Bank Publications
- -----, dan Iqbal Zamil (ed.) 2013, Economic Development and Islamic Finance, Washington Dc : Word Bank
- -----, dan Iqbal, Zamir, 2011, An Introduction to Islamic Finance: Theory and Practice, edisi 2, Singapura : John Wiley & Sons
- -----, dan Zamir Iqbal, 2011, An Introduction to Islamic Finance: Theory and Practice, 2nd Edition, Singapura : John Wiley & Sons
- -----, 1987, ""Analysis of Short-Term Asset Concentration in Islamic Banking," MPRA Paper 56029, University Library of Munich, Germany
- -----, 2007, A Note on Islamic Economics, Jeddah, IRTI
- -----, 2009, “Islamic Economics and Finance : an Institutional Perspective”, IIUM Journal of Economics and Management
- -----, Askari, Hossein, 2010, Islam and The Path to Human and Economic Development, New York : Parlgrave Macmillan
- -----, Hossein Askari, Zamir Iqbal, 2009, New Issues in Islamic Finance and Economics: Progress and Challenges, Singapura : John John Wiley & Sons & Sons
- -----, Hossein Askari, Zamir Iqbal, 2010, Globalization & Islamic Finance: Converge, Prospects & Challenges, Singapura : John Wiley & Sons
- Nata, Abuddin, 2010, Metodologi Studi Islam, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada
- Praja, Juhaya S., 2002, Filsafat dan Metodologi Ilmu dalam Islam dan Penerapannya di Indonesia, Bandung: Mizan Media Utama
- Rahman, Fazlur, 1985, The Courage of Conviction, edt. Philip L. Berman, New Yrk : Dodd, Mead
- Rahnema, Ali (edt), 1995, Perintis Zaman Baru Islam, Bandung : Mizan
- Sanderson, Steven, 1984, Sosiologi Makro, terj. Sahat Simamora, Jakarta : Bina Aksara
- Siddiqi, Muhammad Nejatullah, 2008, “Obstacles to Research in Islamic Economics,” in Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference on Islamic Economics, http://islamiccenter.kaau.edu.sa/7iecon/English/English%20Contents.htm.
- Soetriono dan Hanafie, Rita, 2007, Filsafat Ilmu dan Metodologi Penelitian, Yogyakarta: Penerbit ANDI
- Syari’ati, 1979, Ali, On the Sociology of Islam, terj. Hamid Algar, Berkeley: Mizan Press
- Tafsir, Ahmad, 2005, Filsafat Umum: Akal dan Hati Sejak Thales Sampai Capra, Cet.14, Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya
- Tim Dosen Filsafat Ilmu Fakultas Filsafat UGM, 2002, Filsafat Ilmu sebagai Dasar Pengembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan, cet. 2, Yogyakarta: Liberty Yogyakarta
- Watloly, Aholiab, 2001, Tanggung Jawab Pengetahuan,: Mempertimbangkan Epistemologi secara Kultural, cet. 5, Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius
- Yousef, T. 2004, “The Murabaha Syndrome in Islamic Finance: Laws, Institutions and Politics”, dalam Henry, C. dan Wilson, R. (eds). The Politics of Islamic Finance, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
- Zaman, Asad, 2012, “Crisis in Islamic Economics : Diagnosis and Prescription”, JKAU : Islamic Econ, Vol 25 No 1
References
Ahmed, Abdulrahmen Yousri, “The Scientific Approach to Islamic Economis : Philosophy, Theoritical Construction anda Applicability”, dalam Habid Ahmed (edt), 2002, Theoritical Foundation of Islamic Economics, Jeddah : IRTI
Amien, Miska Muhammad, 2006, Epistemologi Islam: Pengantar Filsafat Pengetahuan Islam, Jakarta: UI-Press
Ansari, Valeed Ahmad, 2016, Islamic Eco, Vol 29, no 2, p 169-174, Juli
Askari, Hossein dan Khan, Mohammad, 2015, Islamicity Index : The Seed For Change,, New York : Palgrave Macmillan
-----, 2013, “Economic Development ini Islam”, dalam Zamir Iqbal dan Abbas Mirakhor (edt), 2013, "Economic Development and Islamic Finance," Washington : World Bank Publications
-----, dan Rehman, Scheherazade, 2013, “A Survey of the Economics Development of OIC Countries”, dalam. Amir Iqbal dan Abbas Mirakhor (ed.), Economic Development and Islamic Finance, Washington Dc : World Bank
Behdad, Sohrab, 1994, “A Disputed Utopia: Islamic Economics in Revolutionary Iran,” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 36 (4), (Okt.), hlm. 775-813.
Chapra, Umer, 2000, The Future of Economics: An Islamic Perspective, Leicester: The Islamic Foundation
Cizakca, Murat, 2013, “Finance and Development in Islam : A Historical Perspective and a Brief Look Forward,” dalam Zamir Iqbal dan Abbas Mirakhor (edt), "Economic Development and Islamic Finance," Washington : World Bank Publications
Earle, William James, 1992, Introduction to Philosophy, New York-Toronto: Me. Graw-Hill, Inc
Endraswara, Suwardi, 2012, Filsafat Ilmu: Konsep, Sejarah, dan Pengembangan Metode Ilmiah, Yogyakarta: CAPS, Centre of Academic Publishing Service
Furqani, Hafas, 2015, “Foundational challenges in the construction of an Islamic economics discipline”, Int. J. Pluralism and Economics Education, Vol. 6, No. 4,
Hamad,, Ibnu, 2007, “Lebih Dekat dengan Analisis acana,” Mediator, Vol. 8, No 2, Desember
Hamlyn, D.W., 1990, "History of Epistemology" dalam Paul Edward (ed.), 1990, The Encidopedia of Philosophy, New York-London: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., dan The Free Press
Haneef, Mohamed Aslam dan Furqani, Hafas, 2011, “Methodology Of Islamic Economics: Overview Of Present State And Future Direction” International Journal of Economics, Management & Accounting, 19, no. 1, International Islamic University Malaysia
Harrison, Tinna dan Ibrahim, Essam (edt),2016, Islamic Finance : Principles, Performance, and Prospect, ttt: Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_Mirakhor, diakses pada hari Sabtu tanggal 6 Januari 2018
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Centre_for_Education_in_Islamic_Finance, diakses pada hari Sabtu tanggal 6 Januari 2018
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomi_institusional, diakses pada hari Kamis, tangal 1 Maret 2018
IFSB IFSI Stability Report tahun 2017
Iqbal, Munawar dkk (ed.), 2007, Advance in Islamic Economisc and Finance , Proceeding of 6th International Conference on Islamic Economics and Finance, Saudi Arabi : IDB/IRTI
Iqbal, Zamir dan Mirakhor, Abbas, 2011, An Introduction to Islamic Finance, Singapura : John Wiley and Sons
Islahi, Abdul Azim, 2015, “First vs. second generation Islamic economists: Deviations and differences in thought”, MPRA Paper No. 68353, posted 12. December
Jalaluddin, 2013, Filsafat Ilmu Pengetahuan, Cet 1, Jakarta: Rajawali Press
Kahf, Monzer, “Islamic Economics, What Went Wrong ?”, hlm. 7, dikutip dari http://monzer.kahf.com/papers/english/ISLAMIC_ECONOMICS_what_went_wrong_SEPT_03_IRTI.pdf, diakses pada hari Kamis tanggal 4 Januari 2018, jam 19.30 WIB., hlm. 5
Khan, Muhammad Akram, 2013, Whats is Wrong with Islamic Economics Analysing the present state and Future Agenda, UK : Edward Elgar
Mariyani-Squire, Edward, 2013, “Tensions in Islamic Economics”, Trikonomika, Volume 12, No. 1, Juni
Miles, Mathew B dan Huberman, A Michael, 1992, Analisis Data Kualitatif, Buku Sumber tentang Metode-Metode Baru, Jakarta : UI Press
Mirakhor Abbas dan Hossein Askari, 2010, Islam and the Path to Human and Economic Development, Unites Stated : Palgrav Macmillan
-----, dan Askari, Hossein, 2017, Ideal Islamic Economy : An Introduction, Singapura : John Wiley & Sons, 2017
-----, dan Bao, Wang Yong, “Epistemological Foundation of Finance : Islamic and Conventional”, dalam Zamir Iqbal dan Abbas Mirakhor (edt), 2013, "Economic Development and Islamic Finance,", Washington : World Bank Publications
-----, dan Iqbal Zamil (ed.) 2013, Economic Development and Islamic Finance, Washington Dc : Word Bank
-----, dan Iqbal, Zamir, 2011, An Introduction to Islamic Finance: Theory and Practice, edisi 2, Singapura : John Wiley & Sons
-----, dan Zamir Iqbal, 2011, An Introduction to Islamic Finance: Theory and Practice, 2nd Edition, Singapura : John Wiley & Sons
-----, 1987, ""Analysis of Short-Term Asset Concentration in Islamic Banking," MPRA Paper 56029, University Library of Munich, Germany
-----, 2007, A Note on Islamic Economics, Jeddah, IRTI
-----, 2009, “Islamic Economics and Finance : an Institutional Perspective”, IIUM Journal of Economics and Management
-----, Askari, Hossein, 2010, Islam and The Path to Human and Economic Development, New York : Parlgrave Macmillan
-----, Hossein Askari, Zamir Iqbal, 2009, New Issues in Islamic Finance and Economics: Progress and Challenges, Singapura : John John Wiley & Sons & Sons
-----, Hossein Askari, Zamir Iqbal, 2010, Globalization & Islamic Finance: Converge, Prospects & Challenges, Singapura : John Wiley & Sons
Nata, Abuddin, 2010, Metodologi Studi Islam, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada
Praja, Juhaya S., 2002, Filsafat dan Metodologi Ilmu dalam Islam dan Penerapannya di Indonesia, Bandung: Mizan Media Utama
Rahman, Fazlur, 1985, The Courage of Conviction, edt. Philip L. Berman, New Yrk : Dodd, Mead
Rahnema, Ali (edt), 1995, Perintis Zaman Baru Islam, Bandung : Mizan
Sanderson, Steven, 1984, Sosiologi Makro, terj. Sahat Simamora, Jakarta : Bina Aksara
Siddiqi, Muhammad Nejatullah, 2008, “Obstacles to Research in Islamic Economics,” in Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference on Islamic Economics, http://islamiccenter.kaau.edu.sa/7iecon/English/English%20Contents.htm.
Soetriono dan Hanafie, Rita, 2007, Filsafat Ilmu dan Metodologi Penelitian, Yogyakarta: Penerbit ANDI
Syari’ati, 1979, Ali, On the Sociology of Islam, terj. Hamid Algar, Berkeley: Mizan Press
Tafsir, Ahmad, 2005, Filsafat Umum: Akal dan Hati Sejak Thales Sampai Capra, Cet.14, Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya
Tim Dosen Filsafat Ilmu Fakultas Filsafat UGM, 2002, Filsafat Ilmu sebagai Dasar Pengembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan, cet. 2, Yogyakarta: Liberty Yogyakarta
Watloly, Aholiab, 2001, Tanggung Jawab Pengetahuan,: Mempertimbangkan Epistemologi secara Kultural, cet. 5, Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius
Yousef, T. 2004, “The Murabaha Syndrome in Islamic Finance: Laws, Institutions and Politics”, dalam Henry, C. dan Wilson, R. (eds). The Politics of Islamic Finance, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Zaman, Asad, 2012, “Crisis in Islamic Economics : Diagnosis and Prescription”, JKAU : Islamic Econ, Vol 25 No 1