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Abstract
Islamic education faces the challenges of modernity and a crisis of values, necessitating an integrated paradigm capable of holistically empowering humanity, particularly in character building. This study aims to comparatively analyze the model of character building through the concept of Tazkiyatun Nafs (self-purification) from Hamka (Indonesia) and Said Nursi (Turkey), using the lens of Islamic Educational Psychology. Employing a comparative literature review method of their key works, the study found that despite both grounding their concepts in tawhid (monotheism), significant methodological differences exist. Hamka emphasizes Tazkiyatun Nafs through the development of good morals (budi pekerti), local wisdom, and rational thinking as a moral fortress. Conversely, Said Nursi focuses his model on spiritual healing (iman-therapy) based on the cosmological reading of the universe (through the Risale-i Nur) to overcome the spiritual diseases of the era of materialism. Comparatively, this model offers a coherent framework for the reconstruction of modern Islamic education. Hamka’s concept is relevant for moral curriculum and social ethics, while Nursi’s concept is crucial for addressing the spiritual crisis and mental health of students. The contribution of this study is the provision of a holistic model for nurturing strong-willed and spiritually healthy individuals (insan kamil) amidst contemporary challenges.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Diinu Tsabitul Azmi

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References
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References
Amin, E. (2015). Konsep Komunitas Dalam Pemikiran dan Dakwah Said Nursi. Jurnal Komunikasi Islam, 5.
Ani, S., & Irawan, D. (2024). Konsep Pendidikan Islam Dalam Perspektif Pemikiran Buya Hamka. Silabus: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia.
Ayathurrahman, Himmawan, Sadam Fajar Shodiq, (2023). Integrasi Ilmu Agama-Sains Badiuzzaman Said Nursi dan Relevansinya dengan Pendidikan Agama Islam Era Digital di Indonesia. Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies. Https://Doi.Org/10.51214/Biis.V2i1.512
Azmi, D. T., & Khoeri, N. I. A. (2025). Muslim Identity Formation Within Secular Education: The Case of Western Society: El-Tarbawi, 18(1), 119–139. Https://Doi.Org/10.20885/Tarbawi.Vol18.Iss1.Art5
Baharuddin, E. B., & Ismail, Z. B. (2015). 7 Domains of Spiritual Intelligence from Islamic Perspective. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 568–577. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Sbspro.2015.11.075
Edi Amin. (2015). Konsep Komunitas Dalam Pemikiran dan Dakwah Said Nursi. Jurnal Komunikasi Islam, 05(01).
Fikri, M. A. (2024). Pendidikan Islam dan Pembentukan Identitas Muslim di Era Globalisasi. Sasana: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 3(1).
Istiqomah, I., Mujtaba, M. S., & Anwarudin, A. (2024a). Model Terapi Psikospiritual: Implementasi Konsep Tazkiyatun Nafs Hamka Dalam Mengatasi Penyakit Jiwa. 10(1).
Istiqomah, I., Mujtaba, M. S., & Anwarudin, A. (2024b). Model Terapi Psikospiritual: Implementasi Konsep Tazkiyatun Nafs Hamka Dalam Mengatasi Penyakit Jiwa. Risâlah Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Studi Islam, 10(1), 397–408. Https://Doi.Org/10.31943/Jurnal_Risalah.V10i1.790
Khojir, Sudadi, Jaeni, M., Ramadhani, A. L., Syahrani, N., & Indriansyah, H. A. (2022). Pembaharuan Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Said Nursi Dan Relevansinya dengan Era Society. Fenomena: Jurnal Penelitian, 14(2).
Konsep Kebahagiaan Dalam Buku Tasawuf Modern Karya Hamka. (2021). Analisis: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 21(2), 279–298. Https://Doi.Org/10.24042/Ajsk.V21i2.9636
Abotolkha, Amir Maliki, & Muhammad Basyrul Muvid. (2020). Islam Sufistik: Membumikan Ajaran Tasawuf Yang Humanis, Spiritualis Dan Etis. Penerbit Cv. Pena Persada.
Manik, J. (2012). Konsep Tazkiyatun Nafs Menurut Sa‘id Hawwa (1935 -1989 M) [S2, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta]. Https://Eprints.Ums.Ac.Id/19020/
Mohamad Ali, D. (2022). Studi Filosofis Konsep Pendidikan Menurut Hamka Dan RelevansinyaDengan Sistem Perkaderan Muhammadiyah. Heutagogia Jurnal Islamic Education, 2(2), Https://Doi.Org/Doi:%2520https://Doi.Org/10.14421/Hjie.22-03
Noer, S. (2023). Actualization of Contemporary Islamic Education Concepts: A Study of the Thoughts of Sayyid Naquib Al-Attas and Buya Hamka. Journal of Modern Islamic Studies and Civilization, 2(01), 68–77. Https://Doi.Org/10.59653/Jmisc.V2i01.486
Prayitno, H., & Qodat, A. (2019). Konsep Pemikiran Fazlur Rahman tentang Modernisasi Pendidikan Islam dan Relevansinya terhadap Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. 2.
Sudadi, K., Annisa Laily Ramadhani, M. J., & Hizbul Aulia Indriansyah, N. S. (2022). Pembaharuan Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Said Nursi Dan Relevansinya dengan Era Society. Fenomena: Jurnal Penelitian, 14(02). Https://Doi.Org/Doi:%2520http://Doi.Org/10.21093/Fj.V14i2.5146
Syaifudin Noer. (2024). Actualization of Contemporary Islamic Education Concepts: A Study of the Thoughts of Sayyid Naquib Al-Attas and Buya Hamka. Journal Of Modern Islamic Studies and Civilization, 2(01), 68–77. Https://Doi.Org/10.59653/Jmisc.V2i01.486
Zakia, A. Z., Maryatul Kibtiyah, Hilma Nadia Faylasufa, Abdullah Nur, & Ahmad Zidni Ilman. (2024). Aplikasi Tazkiyatun Nafs Dalam Psikoterapi Islam. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Dan Dakwah Islam, 21(2), 109–131. Https://Doi.Org/10.14421/Hisbah.2024.212-07
Zaprulkhan, Z. (2013). Signifikansi Revitalisasi Tasawuf Hamka Dan Said Nursi Bagi Kehidupan Masyarakat Kontemporer. Jurnal Theologia, 24(2), 5–42. Https://Doi.Org/10.21580/Teo.2013.24.2.326
Zaprulkhan, Z. (2016). Signifikansi Revitalisasi Tasawuf Hamka Dan Said Nursi Bagi Kehidupan Masyarakat Kontemporer. Jurnal Theologia, 24(2), 5–42. Https://Doi.Org/10.21580/Teo.2013.24.2.326