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Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been going on for 3 years since it was established by the WHO in 2020. COVID-19 can be prevented by improving the immune system by consuming supplements and traditional medicines.
Objective: This study aimed to determine knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards supplements and traditional medicines used by Jember University students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: This research design was a cross-sectional observational analytic study. The sample size was 606 Jember University students. Samples were taken using the convenience sampling method with online questionnaire instruments. The data obtained were analyzed by Chi-Square, Fisher’s Exact, and descriptive.
Results: During the pandemic, 45.9% of respondents consumed supplements and/or traditional remedies to maintain health (80.6%). Knowledge and attitudes showed a significant difference (p≤0.05), so it was concluded that knowledge affects attitudes towards supplements and traditional medicines used. Supplement use behavior showed that some were taking supplements and some were not for various reasons.
Conclusion: The majority of respondents have knowledge and attitudes in the medium category. Sociodemographic factors that influence the knowledge and attitudes of Jember University students toward supplements and traditional medicine used during the COVID-19 pandemic were level of education and discipline. Respondents' behavior showed that most of them did not take supplements because they had been vaccinated.
Intisari
Latar belakang: COVID-19 sudah berlangsung selama 3 tahun semenjak WHO menetapkan sebagai pandemi di tahun 2020. COVID-19 dapat dicegah dengan meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh yang salah satu caranya adalah mengkonsumsi suplemen dan obat tradisional.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku konsumsi suplemen dan obat tradisional mahasiswa Universitas Jember saat pandemi COVID-19.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional dengan jumlah sampel 606 mahasiswa Universitas Jember dengan desain cross-sectional yang diambil metode convenience sampling dengan instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner daring. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact dan deskriptif.
Hasil: Terdapat 45,9% responden mengkonsumsi suplemen dan/atau obat tradisional selama masa pandemi untuk untuk menjaga kesehatan (80,6%). Pengetahuan dan sikap menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p≤0,05), sehingga diketahui bahwa pengetahuan dapat memengaruhi sikap. Perilaku pengunaan suplemen menunjukkan ada yang mengkonsumsi suplemen dan ada yang tidak dengan berbagai alasan.
Kesimpulan: Mayoritas responden mempunyai pengetahuan dan sikap dalam kategori sedang (45,5%; 50,8%), dengan faktor sosiodemografi yang memengaruhi pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswa Universitas Jember dalam konsumsi suplemen dan obat tradisional adalah tingkat pendidikan dan rumpun ilmu. Perilaku responden menunjukkan mayoritas mereka tidak mengkonsumsi suplemen karena sudah vaksin.
Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, perilaku, suplemen, obat tradisional, mahasiswa, COVID-19
Keywords
Article Details
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References
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- Awanis, A. T., Amal, S., & Frianto, D. (2021). Perbedaan Tingkat Kepercayaan Mahasiswa Farmasi dan Nonfarmasi Terhadap Penerimaan Vaksin Covid-19. Jurnal Buana Farma: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 1(3), 1-5. doi:https://doi.org/10.36805/jbf.v1i3.156
- BPOM. (2019). Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 32 Tahun 2019 Tentang Persyaratan Keamanan dan Mutu Obat Tradisional. Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan
- BPOM. (2020). Pedoman Penggunaan Herbal dan Suplemen Kesehatan Dalam Menghadapi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan
- Budiman, R. A. (2013). Kapita Selekta Kuesioner: Pengetahuan dan Sikap dalam Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
- Fadliyah, H., Nurwahyuni, A., & Faradiba, F. (2021). Community Consumption of Traditional Medicine and Health Supplements During the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 6(2), 92-110. doi:https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.6.2.92-110
- Feleke, B. T., Wale, M. Z., & Yirsaw, M. T. (2021). Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practice Towards COVID-19 and Associated Factors among outpatient Service Visitors at Debre Markos Compressive Specialized Hospital, North-west Ethiopia, 2020. Plos one, 16(7), e0251708. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251708
- Ghozali, I. (2009). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program SPSS. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
- Goma, E. I. (2021). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Isu Kependudukan di Indonesia. Geodika: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu dan Pendidikan Geografi, 5(1), 33-42. doi:https://doi.org/10.29408/geodika.v5i1.3180
- Kemenkes_RI. (2021). Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor Hk.01.07/Menkes/5675/2021 Hk.01.07/Menkes/10882/2020 Tentang Data Penduduk Sasaran Program Pembangunan Kesehatan Tahun 2021-2025. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
- Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
- Kusumo, A. R., Wiyoga, F. Y., Perdana, H. P., Khairunnisa, I., Suhandi, R. I., & Prastika, S. S. (2020). Jamu Tradisional Indonesia: Tingkatkan Imunitas Tubuh Secara Alami Selama Pandemi Traditional Indonesian Jamu: Natural Way To Boost Immune System During Pandemic. Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service), 4(2), 465-471. doi:https://doi.org/10.20473/jlm.v4i2.2020.465-471
- Liu, L., Liu, Y.-P., Wang, J., An, L.-W., & Jiao, J.-M. (2016). Use of A Knowledge-Attitude-behaviour education Programme for Chinese Adults Undergoing Maintenance Haemodialysis: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of International Medical Research, 44(3), 557-568. doi:http://doi.org/10.1177/0300060515604980
- Mphekgwana, P. M., Makgahlela, M., & Mothiba, T. M. (2021). Use of Traditional Medicines to Fight COVID-19 during The South African Nationwide Lockdown: A Prevalence study among University Students and Academic staff. The Open Public Health Journal, 14(1), 441-445.
- Ningsih, W. I. F., Yunianto, A. E., Atmaka, D. R., Arinda, D. F., & Fajrina, H. (2021). Gambaran Konsumsi Suplemen dan Herbal pada Mahasiswa sebelum dan elama Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Pangan Kesehatan dan Gizi, 1(2), 1-8. doi:https://doi.org/10.54771/jakagi.v1i2.155
- Sari, D. R. A. P., & Diwyami, N. P. (2022). Penyuluhan Pemanfaatan Bahan Herbal Yang Baik dan Benar di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di SMK Bintang Persada Tabanan. Jurnal Altifani Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 2(2), 116-123. doi:https://doi.org/10.25008/altifani.v2i2.218
- Sukesih, S., Usman, U., Budi, S., & Sari, D. N. A. (2020). Pengetahuan dan Sikap Mahasiswa Kesehatan tentang Pencegahan COVID-19 di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Dan Kebidanan, 11(2), 258-264. doi:https://doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v11i2.835
- Trisna, E., & Musiana, M. (2022). Analisis Kesiapsiagaan Keluarga Menghadapi Bencana Covid-19. Ruwa Jurai: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 16(1), 50-56. doi:https://doi.org/10.26630/rj.v16i1.3174
- Yulianis, Y., Dewi, R., Meirista, I., Permatasari, J., Hadriyati, A., & Andriani, M. (2021). Sosialisasi tentang Sehat dengan Obat Tradisional dan Suplemen Kesehatan di Masa New Normal Covid-19. Logista-Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 5(1), 48-56. doi:https://doi.org/10.25077/logista.5.1.48-56.2021
References
Antari, N. P. U., Dewi, N. P. L. Y., Saputra, I. W. M., Prascitasari, N. A., Arkhania, N. P. A. D., Aswindari, N. N. Z., Juliari, N. P. H., Andarista, N. K. N., Kosalawa, A. A. N., Jayanti, N. K. A., Lestari, M. D., & Sangging, I. G. B. (2021). Korelasi antara Pemahaman Covid-19 dan Penggunaan Suplemen, Mahasiswa Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 7(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v7i1.1029
Awanis, A. T., Amal, S., & Frianto, D. (2021). Perbedaan Tingkat Kepercayaan Mahasiswa Farmasi dan Nonfarmasi Terhadap Penerimaan Vaksin Covid-19. Jurnal Buana Farma: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 1(3), 1-5. doi:https://doi.org/10.36805/jbf.v1i3.156
BPOM. (2019). Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 32 Tahun 2019 Tentang Persyaratan Keamanan dan Mutu Obat Tradisional. Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan
BPOM. (2020). Pedoman Penggunaan Herbal dan Suplemen Kesehatan Dalam Menghadapi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan
Budiman, R. A. (2013). Kapita Selekta Kuesioner: Pengetahuan dan Sikap dalam Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Fadliyah, H., Nurwahyuni, A., & Faradiba, F. (2021). Community Consumption of Traditional Medicine and Health Supplements During the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 6(2), 92-110. doi:https://doi.org/10.29244/jcs.6.2.92-110
Feleke, B. T., Wale, M. Z., & Yirsaw, M. T. (2021). Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practice Towards COVID-19 and Associated Factors among outpatient Service Visitors at Debre Markos Compressive Specialized Hospital, North-west Ethiopia, 2020. Plos one, 16(7), e0251708. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251708
Ghozali, I. (2009). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program SPSS. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Goma, E. I. (2021). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Isu Kependudukan di Indonesia. Geodika: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu dan Pendidikan Geografi, 5(1), 33-42. doi:https://doi.org/10.29408/geodika.v5i1.3180
Kemenkes_RI. (2021). Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor Hk.01.07/Menkes/5675/2021 Hk.01.07/Menkes/10882/2020 Tentang Data Penduduk Sasaran Program Pembangunan Kesehatan Tahun 2021-2025. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Kusumo, A. R., Wiyoga, F. Y., Perdana, H. P., Khairunnisa, I., Suhandi, R. I., & Prastika, S. S. (2020). Jamu Tradisional Indonesia: Tingkatkan Imunitas Tubuh Secara Alami Selama Pandemi Traditional Indonesian Jamu: Natural Way To Boost Immune System During Pandemic. Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service), 4(2), 465-471. doi:https://doi.org/10.20473/jlm.v4i2.2020.465-471
Liu, L., Liu, Y.-P., Wang, J., An, L.-W., & Jiao, J.-M. (2016). Use of A Knowledge-Attitude-behaviour education Programme for Chinese Adults Undergoing Maintenance Haemodialysis: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of International Medical Research, 44(3), 557-568. doi:http://doi.org/10.1177/0300060515604980
Mphekgwana, P. M., Makgahlela, M., & Mothiba, T. M. (2021). Use of Traditional Medicines to Fight COVID-19 during The South African Nationwide Lockdown: A Prevalence study among University Students and Academic staff. The Open Public Health Journal, 14(1), 441-445.
Ningsih, W. I. F., Yunianto, A. E., Atmaka, D. R., Arinda, D. F., & Fajrina, H. (2021). Gambaran Konsumsi Suplemen dan Herbal pada Mahasiswa sebelum dan elama Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Pangan Kesehatan dan Gizi, 1(2), 1-8. doi:https://doi.org/10.54771/jakagi.v1i2.155
Sari, D. R. A. P., & Diwyami, N. P. (2022). Penyuluhan Pemanfaatan Bahan Herbal Yang Baik dan Benar di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di SMK Bintang Persada Tabanan. Jurnal Altifani Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 2(2), 116-123. doi:https://doi.org/10.25008/altifani.v2i2.218
Sukesih, S., Usman, U., Budi, S., & Sari, D. N. A. (2020). Pengetahuan dan Sikap Mahasiswa Kesehatan tentang Pencegahan COVID-19 di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Dan Kebidanan, 11(2), 258-264. doi:https://doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v11i2.835
Trisna, E., & Musiana, M. (2022). Analisis Kesiapsiagaan Keluarga Menghadapi Bencana Covid-19. Ruwa Jurai: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 16(1), 50-56. doi:https://doi.org/10.26630/rj.v16i1.3174
Yulianis, Y., Dewi, R., Meirista, I., Permatasari, J., Hadriyati, A., & Andriani, M. (2021). Sosialisasi tentang Sehat dengan Obat Tradisional dan Suplemen Kesehatan di Masa New Normal Covid-19. Logista-Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 5(1), 48-56. doi:https://doi.org/10.25077/logista.5.1.48-56.2021