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Abstract
The widespread uses of AI in creative industries are unavoidable. Thus, the impacts of AI on human jobs in creative industries are very intriguing to be investigated. This study aims to explore the perspectives of creative professionals regarding to AI’s impacts on human jobs in their respective industries. The qualitative data collected from in-depth interviews on 10 creative professionals are analyzed using thematic analysis approach. Our analysis resulted in eight main themes and 18 categories. There are four important findings to be highlighted from this study. First of all, the positive and negative impacts of AI depend on the quality of human resources. Secondly, the positive and negative impacts of AI also depend on individual’s wisdom and mindset. Third, in principle, AI is merely assistive tools for human and the uses of AI are optional and depending on human’s need. Finally, the diverse opinion about AI’s impact might be influenced by human’s role in the economic system.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rizka Putri Pranandari, Atsushi Aoyama

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References
- Acemoglu, D. & Restrepo, P. (2019). Automation and New Tasks: How Technology Displaces and Reinstates Labor. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(2), 3-30.
- Cunningham, S. (2002). From cultural to creative industries: Theory, industry, and policy implications. Media International Australia Incorporating Culture and Policy, 102, 54–65. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X0210200107
- Dellyana D., Fauzan T. R. & Putri A. P. (2024) Individual traits and business models on creative industry business performance in Indonesia: Quantitative study. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18(9), 1-29.
- Fadhillah, S. N., Nuriansyah, F., Prabowo, R., Setiawan, A., Geminastiti, K. & Hilmiatussadiah. (2026). Strategy for developing the creative economy sector. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education, Economics, Business, Entrepreneurship, and Finance (ICEBEF) 4
- Granados, C., Bernardo, M. & Pareja, M. (2017). How do creative industries innovate? A model proposal. Creative Industries Journal, 10(3), 211-225.
- Huo, Q., Ruan, J. & Cui, Y. (2024). “Machine replacement” or “job creation”: How does artificial intelligence impact employment patterns in China’s manufacturing industry?. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 7, 1337264. doi: 10.3389/frai.2024.1337264
- Ivcevic, Z. & Grandinetti, Z. (2024). Artificial intelligence as a tool for creativity. Journal of Creativity 34, 100079
- Kostromina, H., Potishchuk, O., Rudenko, T., Pushkar, M., & Romaniuk, O. (2023). Intellectual Сapital As the Basis for the Development of Сreative Industries. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, 23(3), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.22937/IJCSNS.2023.23.3.23
- Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M. & Saldana, J. (2018) Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications.
- Müller K, Rammer C, & Trüby J (2008) The role of creative industries in industrial innovation. Innovation 11(2):148-168.
- Nugroho, B. S., Annasit, Hamid, F. A. & Setiyono, A. (2025). Application of AI in the Creative Process: Case Study in the Design Industry. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Creative Technology, 2(1), pp. 24-35
- O’Toole, K. & Horvat, E. A. (2024). Extending human creativity with AI. Journal of Creativity, 34, 100080
- Pangestika, R. R., Hidayah, N., Purnamasari, N. (2026). Measuring the Future of Indonesia's Creative Economy: A Statistical and SWOT Analysis Toward Golden Indonesia 2045. Sinergi International Journal of Economics, 4(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.61194/economics.v4i1.991
- Pranandari, R. P. & Aoyama, A. (2025). AI Competence’s Impact on Innovation in The Creative Industries: Moderating Role of Individual Creativity. Airlangga Journal of Innovation Management, 6(3), 467-481. https://doi.org/10.20473/ajim.v6i3.74787
- Restrepo, P. (2024). Automation: Theory, evidence, and outlook. Annual Review of Economics, 16(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics090523-113355
- Sudarmanto, J. A. (2025). Exploring the intersection of AI and creativity in the local Indonesian graphic designers’ perspective. Journal of Graphic Engineering and Design, 16(2), 27-35. http://doi.org/10.24867/JGED-2025-2-027
- Trivedi, A., Kaur, E. K., Choudary, C., Kunal & Burnwal, P. (2023). Should AI Technologies Replace the Human Jobs? Conference 2023 2nd International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON)
References
Acemoglu, D. & Restrepo, P. (2019). Automation and New Tasks: How Technology Displaces and Reinstates Labor. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(2), 3-30.
Cunningham, S. (2002). From cultural to creative industries: Theory, industry, and policy implications. Media International Australia Incorporating Culture and Policy, 102, 54–65. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X0210200107
Dellyana D., Fauzan T. R. & Putri A. P. (2024) Individual traits and business models on creative industry business performance in Indonesia: Quantitative study. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18(9), 1-29.
Fadhillah, S. N., Nuriansyah, F., Prabowo, R., Setiawan, A., Geminastiti, K. & Hilmiatussadiah. (2026). Strategy for developing the creative economy sector. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education, Economics, Business, Entrepreneurship, and Finance (ICEBEF) 4
Granados, C., Bernardo, M. & Pareja, M. (2017). How do creative industries innovate? A model proposal. Creative Industries Journal, 10(3), 211-225.
Huo, Q., Ruan, J. & Cui, Y. (2024). “Machine replacement” or “job creation”: How does artificial intelligence impact employment patterns in China’s manufacturing industry?. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 7, 1337264. doi: 10.3389/frai.2024.1337264
Ivcevic, Z. & Grandinetti, Z. (2024). Artificial intelligence as a tool for creativity. Journal of Creativity 34, 100079
Kostromina, H., Potishchuk, O., Rudenko, T., Pushkar, M., & Romaniuk, O. (2023). Intellectual Сapital As the Basis for the Development of Сreative Industries. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, 23(3), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.22937/IJCSNS.2023.23.3.23
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M. & Saldana, J. (2018) Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications.
Müller K, Rammer C, & Trüby J (2008) The role of creative industries in industrial innovation. Innovation 11(2):148-168.
Nugroho, B. S., Annasit, Hamid, F. A. & Setiyono, A. (2025). Application of AI in the Creative Process: Case Study in the Design Industry. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Creative Technology, 2(1), pp. 24-35
O’Toole, K. & Horvat, E. A. (2024). Extending human creativity with AI. Journal of Creativity, 34, 100080
Pangestika, R. R., Hidayah, N., Purnamasari, N. (2026). Measuring the Future of Indonesia's Creative Economy: A Statistical and SWOT Analysis Toward Golden Indonesia 2045. Sinergi International Journal of Economics, 4(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.61194/economics.v4i1.991
Pranandari, R. P. & Aoyama, A. (2025). AI Competence’s Impact on Innovation in The Creative Industries: Moderating Role of Individual Creativity. Airlangga Journal of Innovation Management, 6(3), 467-481. https://doi.org/10.20473/ajim.v6i3.74787
Restrepo, P. (2024). Automation: Theory, evidence, and outlook. Annual Review of Economics, 16(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics090523-113355
Sudarmanto, J. A. (2025). Exploring the intersection of AI and creativity in the local Indonesian graphic designers’ perspective. Journal of Graphic Engineering and Design, 16(2), 27-35. http://doi.org/10.24867/JGED-2025-2-027
Trivedi, A., Kaur, E. K., Choudary, C., Kunal & Burnwal, P. (2023). Should AI Technologies Replace the Human Jobs? Conference 2023 2nd International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON)