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Abstract
Indonesia faces a high risk of disasters, which require community involvement and participation in disaster management. The state cannot handle disasters without the community's help, and the research aims to examine the disaster emergency provisions in the 1945 Constitution to guarantee the human rights of disaster victims. This normative legal research found that emergency provisions are regulated in Article 12 and Article 22, granting the President emergency power. However, the 1945 Constitution does not specifically focus on the rights of communities affected by disasters or regulate the principles the government or president must adhere to in limiting or reducing constitutional rights during a disaster. Therefore, it is necessary to amend articles to include provisions that focus on the rights of people affected by disasters and the terms and conditions for limiting or reducing constitutional rights of citizens.
Keywords: Constitution; Disaster; Emergency Power; Emergency Provision; Human Rights.
Abstrak
Indonesia menghadapi risiko bencana yang tinggi, yang membutuhkan keterlibatan dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penanggulangan bencana. Negara tidak dapat menangani bencana tanpa bantuan masyarakat, dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ketentuan darurat bencana dalam UUD 1945 untuk menjamin hak asasi manusia korban bencana. Penelitian yuridis normatif ini menemukan ketentuan keadaan darurat diatur dalam Pasal 12 dan Pasal 22, pemberian kekuasaan darurat kepada Presiden. Namun, UUD 1945 tidak secara khusus berfokus pada hak-hak masyarakat yang terkena bencana atau mengatur prinsip-prinsip yang harus dipatuhi pemerintah atau presiden dalam membatasi atau mengurangi hak-hak konstitusional saat terjadi bencana. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk mengubah pasal untuk memasukkan ketentuan yang berfokus pada hak-hak orang yang terkena dampak bencana dan syarat dan ketentuan untuk membatasi atau mengurangi hak-hak konstitusional warga negara.
Kata Kunci: Bencana; Hak Asasi Manusia; Kekuasaan Darurat; Ketentuan Darurat; Konstitusi.
Keywords
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Copyright (c) 2024 Nanik Prasetyoningsih, Muchammad Ichsan
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