Article Sidebar

Digital leadership, learning agility, and employee performance in Indonesia’s automotive industry: A view from Islamic economic perspectives
Submitted
October 27, 2025
Accepted
February 12, 2026
Published
February 18, 2026
Download
PDF Review Reports Originality Report
Statistic
Read Counter : 0 Download : 0

Main Article Content

Abstract

Introduction
Indonesia’s automotive industry is facing rapid digital transformation, intensifying global competition, and increasing pressure to improve quality, productivity, and adaptability. These challenges require organizations to strengthen digital leadership, employee competence, organizational commitment, and learning agility. However, the mechanisms through which these factors improve employee performance remain insufficiently explained, especially when viewed from an Islamic economics perspective.
Objectives
This study examines the influence of digital leadership, competence, and motivation on employee performance in Indonesia’s automotive industry. It also analyzes the mediating roles of organizational commitment and learning agility and interprets the findings through Islamic economics values, including amanah, ihsan, adl, maslahah, and falah.
Method
This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected from 335 managers, supervisors, and employees in Indonesia’s automotive industry who had experience with digital transformation or technology-based work processes. The research model was tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Validity and reliability were assessed through factor loading, composite reliability, and average variance extracted, while direct and indirect relationships were examined through path analysis and bootstrapping.
Results
The results show that digital leadership has a significant direct effect on employee performance but does not significantly influence learning agility and only marginally affects organizational commitment. Motivation does not significantly affect performance, organizational commitment, or learning agility. Competence has a strong significant effect on organizational commitment, while organizational commitment significantly improves learning agility. Learning agility is the strongest direct predictor of employee performance. The most important indirect pathway is competence → organizational commitment → learning agility → performance.
Implications
This study indicates that improving employee performance in the automotive industry requires more than digital leadership and motivation. Organizations should strengthen employee competence, build organizational commitment, and develop learning agility through fair, ethical, and welfare-oriented human resource practices.
Originality/Novelty
This study contributes an integrated model of digital leadership, competence, organizational commitment, learning agility, and performance in the automotive industry, enriched by an Islamic economics perspective on ethical and sustainable human resource development.

Keywords

digital leadership employee competence employee performance Islamic economics learning agility organizational commitment work motivation

Article Details

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Gunawan, Imam Sucipto, Dadang Heri Kusumah, Nabila Saddaf, Irma Rohmatul Manan

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
Gunawan, A., Sucipto, I., Heri Kusumah, D. ., Saddaf, N., & Manan, I. R. . (2026). Digital leadership, learning agility, and employee performance in Indonesia’s automotive industry: A view from Islamic economic perspectives. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, 12(1), 585–620. https://doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol12.iss1.art21
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Ahuja, I. P. S., & Khamba, J. S. (2008). Strategies and success factors for overcoming challenges in TPM implementation in Indian manufacturing industry. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, 14(2), 123–147. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552510810877647

  2. Alexandro, R., & Basrowi. (2024). Measuring the effectiveness of smart digital organizations on digital technology adoption: An empirical study of educational organizations in Indonesia. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 8(1), 139–150. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.10.009

  3. Ali, M. A., Shirazi, S. Z., Arshad, S. A., & Kemal, M. U. (2024). Assessment of human resource management framework from Islamic paradigm: Proposition of an Islamic model of human resource management. Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), 13(1). https://doi.org/10.61506/01.00267

  4. Amin, H., & Hassan, M. K. (2022). Millennials’ acceptability of tawarruq -based ar-rahnu in Malaysia. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 38(3), 510–529. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-09-2021-0170

  5. Antonopoulou, H., Halkiopoulos, C., Barlou, O., & Beligiannis, G. N. (2020). Leadership types and digital leadership in higher education: Behavioural data analysis from University of Patras in Greece. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(4), 110–129. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.4.8

  6. Armanious, M., & Padgett, J. D. (2021). Agile learning strategies to compete in an uncertain business environment. Journal of Workplace Learning, 33(8), 635–647. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-11-2020-0181

  7. Arsyadona, A., Rokan, M. K., & Rahmani, N. A. B. (2025). Analyzing digital resilience strategies for Harian Waspada through ANP and Maqashid Shariah in a VUCA environment. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, 11(2), 1149–1174. https://doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol11.iss2.art18

  8. Autin, K. L., Herdt, M. E., Garcia, R. G., & Ezema, G. N. (2022). Basic psychological need satisfaction, autonomous motivation, and meaningful work: A self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Career Assessment, 30(1), 78–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727211018647

  9. Azmi, I. A. G. (2022). Islamic human resource management practices and innovation in malaysian public service. Al Hikmah International Journal of Islamic Studies and Human Sciences, 5(1), 50–79. https://doi.org/10.46722/hkmh.5.1.22c

  10. Azzam, I. A., Alserhan, A. F., Mohammad, Y. T., Shamaileh, N. A., & Al-Hawary, S. I. S. (2023). Impact of dynamic capabilities on competitive performance: A moderated-mediation model of entrepreneurship orientation and digital leadership. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(4), 1949–1962. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.6.017

  11. Barney, J. B., Ketchen, D. J., & Wright, M. (2021). Resource-Based Theory and the Value Creation Framework. Journal of Management, 47(7), 1936–1955. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063211021655

  12. Behie, S. W., Pasman, H. J., Khan, F. I., Shell, K., Alarfaj, A., El-Kady, A. H., & Hernandez, M. (2023). Leadership 4.0: The changing landscape of industry management in the smart digital era. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 172, 317–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2023.02.014

  13. Bell, R. (2024). Innovating to survive in competitive markets: Business model innovation of Chinese digital businesses. International Journal of Innovation Science, 16(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-09-2022-0189

  14. Bhuiyan, A. B., Ismail, A. G., Noor, A. H. M., Solaiman, M., & Ali, Md. J. (2020). The Islamic economics philosophy and application reality in the existing Islamic economic activities in the world. International Journal of Shari’ah and Corporate Governance Research, 3(2), 25–39. https://doi.org/10.46281/ijscgr.v3i2.850

  15. Bilderback, S. L., & Miller, G. J. (2023). Importance of employee development programs in business. Journal of Management Development, 42(4), 327–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-03-2022-0054

  16. Boudrias, V., Trépanier, S.-G., Foucreault, A., Peterson, C., & Fernet, C. (2020). Investigating the role of psychological need satisfaction as a moderator in the relationship between job demands and turnover intention among nurses. Employee Relations, 42(1), 213–231. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-10-2018-0277

  17. Broeck, A. V. D., Howard, J. L., Van Vaerenbergh, Y., Leroy, H., & Gagné, M. (2021). Beyond intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis on self-determination theory’s multidimensional conceptualization of work motivation. Organizational Psychology Review, 11(3), 240–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/20413866211006173

  18. Caligiuri, P. (2025). Need greater adaptability in the workforce? Foster contextual agility competencies. Organizational Dynamics, 54(4), 101154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2025.101154

  19. Carmeli, A., & Hartmann, S. (2024). Learning agility orientation, ambidextrous learning, and resilience. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 71, 12946–12959. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2024.3357531

  20. Chanana, N. & Sangeeta. (2021). Employee engagement practices during COVID‐19 lockdown. Journal of Public Affairs, 21(4), e2508. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2508

  21. Chang, C.-L., & Octoyuda, E. (2024). Driving digital transformation: How transformational leadership bridges learning agility and digital technology adoption in MSMEs. Emerging Science Journal, 8(4), 1583–1601. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-04-020

  22. Chen, A., Li, L., & Shahid, W. (2024). Digital transformation as the driving force for sustainable business performance: A moderated mediation model of market-driven business model innovation and digital leadership capabilities. Heliyon, 10(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29509

  23. De Meuse, K. P. (2022). Learning agility: Could it become the g-factor of leadership? Consulting Psychology Journal, 74(3), 215–236. https://doi.org/10.1037/cpb0000216

  24. DeRue, D. S., Ashford, S. J., & Myers, C. G. (2012). Learning agility: In search of conceptual clarity and theoretical grounding. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 5(3), 258–279. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2012.01444.x

  25. Dorta-Afonso, D., González-de-la-Rosa, M., García-Rodríguez, F., & Romero-Domínguez, L. (2021). Effects of high-performance work systems (HPWS) on hospitality employees’ outcomes through their organizational commitment, motivation, and job satisfaction. Sustainability, 13(6), 3226. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063226

  26. Dupret, K., & Pultz, S. (2022). People as Our Most Important Asset: A Critical Exploration of Agility and Employee Commitment. Project Management Journal, 53(3), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/87569728221077013

  27. Eberl, J., & Drews, P. (2022). Off to new pastures: Exploring tensions between followers and leaders in the automotive industry challenging the adoption of digital leadership. Proceedings of the 55th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 7004–7013. https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2022.845

  28. Erhan, T., Uzunbacak, H. H., & Aydin, E. (2022). From conventional to digital leadership: Exploring digitalization of leadership and innovative work behavior. Management Research Review, 45(11), 1524–1543. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-05-2021-0338

  29. Fahim, S. M., Bano, S., Ahmed, S. F., Munawar, S., & Saleem, S. M. (2023). Retaining employees with adoption of industry 4.0 technologies in the automotive sector– mediation of training 4.0 & employee competency. Journal of Organisational Studies and Innovation, 10(3), 17–36. https://doi.org/10.51659/josi.22.181

  30. Fernet, C., Morin, A. J. S., Mueller, M. B., Gillet, N., & Austin, S. (2023). Psychological need satisfaction across work and personal life: An empirical test of a comprehensive typology. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1216450. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1216450

  31. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312

  32. Franco, C., & Landini, F. (2022). Organizational drivers of innovation: The role of workforce agility. Research Policy, 51(2), 104423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104423

  33. Gaikindo. (2021). Sekilas Mengenal Recall Produk Kendaraan dan Regulasinya di Indonesia. Gaikindo. https://www.gaikindo.or.id/sekilas-mengenal-recall-produk-kendaraan-dan-regulasinya-di-indonesia/

  34. Gajendragadkar, S., Arora, R., Trivedi, R., & Neelam, N. (2024). From intentions to action: How behavioural intentions shape employee performance through digital learning? Journal of Workplace Learning, 36(5), 348–363. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-02-2024-0021

  35. Galanti, T., & Fantinelli, S. (2025). Managing the future of talents: Digital innovation in learning organizations. The Learning Organization, 32(4), 554–580. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-06-2023-0096

  36. Gilli, K., Lettner, N., & Guettel, W. (2024). The future of leadership: New digital skills or old analog virtues? Journal of Business Strategy, 45(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-06-2022-0093

  37. Goetz, N., & Wald, A. (2022). Similar but different? The influence of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and person-job fit on individual performance in the continuum between permanent and temporary organizations. International Journal of Project Management, 40(3), 251–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2022.03.001

  38. Gonzalez, R. V. D., & Martins, M. F. (2014). Mapping the organizational factors that support knowledge management in the Brazilian automotive industry. Journal of Knowledge Management, 18(1), 152–176. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-08-2013-0300

  39. Good, V., Hughes, D. E., Kirca, A. H., & McGrath, S. (2022). A self-determination theory-based meta-analysis on the differential effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on salesperson performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 50(3), 586–614. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-021-00827-6

  40. Gouda, G. K., & Tiwari, B. (2022). Talent agility, innovation adoption and sustainable business performance: Empirical evidences from Indian automobile industry. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(6), 2582–2604. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2021-0071

  41. Gunawan, A., Yuniarsih, T., Sobandi, A., & Muhidin, S. A. (2024). Competency towards performance mediated commitment and moderated persistence rational choice in universities in Bekasi. In R. Hurriyati, L. A. Wibowo, S. Sulastri, & L. Lisnawati (Eds.), Proceedings of the 8th Global Conference on Business, Management, and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2023) (Vol. 288, pp. 803–809). Atlantis Press International BV. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-443-3_106

  42. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7

  43. Hamzah, N. H., M. Nasir, M. K., & Abdul Wahab, J. (2021). The effects of principals’ digital leadership on teachers’ digital teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. Journal of Education and E-Learning Research, 8(2), 216–221. https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.509.2021.82.216.221

  44. Hasan, Z. (2020). How important are human resources in supporting Sharia banking performance in Indonesia? INFERENSI: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan, 14(2), 181–200. https://doi.org/10.18326/infsl3.v14i2.181-200

  45. Heiden, M., Widar, L., Wiitavaara, B., & Boman, E. (2021). Telework in academia: Associations with health and well-being among staff. Higher Education, 81(4), 707–722. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-020-00569-4

  46. Henseler, J. (2020). Composite-based structural equation modeling: Analyzing latent and emergent variables. Guilford Publications.

  47. Herijanto, H. (2022). Al amanah in al Qur’an vs trust: A comparative study. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 38(4), 549–575. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-03-2021-0064

  48. Hernandez-de-Menendez, M., Morales-Menendez, R., Escobar, C. A., & McGovern, M. (2020). Competencies for industry 4.0. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 14(4), 1511–1524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-020-00716-2

  49. Howard, J. L., Bureau, J., Guay, F., Chong, J. X. Y., & Ryan, R. M. (2021). Student motivation and associated outcomes: A meta-analysis from self-determination theory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 16(6), 1300–1323. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620966789

  50. Hsieh, C. C., Tai, S. E., & Li, H. C. (2023). A Bibliometric Review of Ethical Leadership Research: Shifting Focuses and Theoretical Insights. AERA Open, 9(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/23328584231209266

  51. Ibrahim, A. I., & Kamri, N. ’Azzah. (2017). The commitment to Islamic work ethics among Islamic banking employees in Aceh. Jurnal Syariah, 24(1), 93–114. https://doi.org/10.22452/js.vol24no1.4

  52. Iddekinge, C. H. V., Arnold, J. D., Aguinis, H., Lang, J. W. B., & Lievens, F. (2023). Work effort: A conceptual and meta-analytic review. Journal of Management, 49(1), 125–157. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063221087641

  53. Jehanzeb, K., & Mohanty, J. (2020). The mediating role of organizational commitment between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior: Power distance as moderator. Personnel Review, 49(2), 445–468. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-09-2018-0327

  54. Kaharudin, I. H., Ab-Rahman, M. S., & Mashitoh Yaacob, N. A. R. (2025). Bridging traditions: A comparative review of Islamic and conventional approaches to human resource management. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15(8), Pages 1539-1554. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v15-i8/26294

  55. Kane, G. C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A. N., Kiron, D., & Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review. https://shop.sloanreview.mit.edu/strategy-not-technology-drives-digital-transformation

  56. Khalayleh, W., Rohaida, S., & Al-Khazaleh, S. M. (2024). The Impact of Leadership Practices on the Adoption of Digital Transformation: The Moderating Role of Organizational Culture in Jordanian Manufacturing Sector. International Review of Management and Marketing , 14(6), 178–185. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.17079

  57. Khalil, S., & Samhan, B. (2025). The impact of cloud adoption on talent management: An exploratory study from the “learning organization” perspective. The Learning Organization, 32(4), 601–619. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-06-2023-0095

  58. Kurnia, T., Nurhaeni, I. D. A., . A., & Putera, R. E. (2022). Leveraging agile transformation: Redesigning local government governance. KnE Social Sciences, (2021 Annual Conference of Indonesian Association for Public Administration). https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i5.10589

  59. Kusuma, A. R., Syarief, R., Sukmawati, A., & Ekananta, A. (2024). Factors influencing the digital transformation of sales organizations in Indonesia. Heliyon, 10(5), e27017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27017

  60. Magson, N. R., Craven, R. G., Ryan, R. M., Dillon, A., Mooney, J., Blacklock, F., Yeung, A. S., Kadir, M. S., & Franklin, A. (2022). A cross-cultural investigation of basic psychological need satisfaction at work in an indigenous and non-indigenous australian sample across occupation types. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 53(2), 213–238. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221211060441

  61. Mahmutoğlu, C., Celep, C., & Kaya, A. (2025). The impact of school administrators’ influence tactics on teachers’ organizational commitment: The role of learning agility. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1549328. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1549328

  62. Malik, M., Raziq, M. M., Sarwar, N., & Tariq, A. (2025). Digital leadership, business model innovation and organizational change: Role of leader in steering digital transformation. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 32(5), 1632–1662. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-04-2023-0283

  63. Malik, N., Yuli, S. B. C., & Sudarti. (2019). The impact of Islamic values implementation on organizational commitments to human resources management practices at University of Muhammadiyah Malang. KnE Social Sciences, 3(13), 958–972. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i13.4260

  64. Malik, P., & Garg, P. (2020). Learning organization and work engagement: The mediating role of employee resilience. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(8), 1071–1094. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1396549

  65. Mehta, P., Chakraborty, D., Rana, N. P., Mishra, A., Khorana, S., & Kooli, K. (2025). AI-driven competitive advantage: The role of personality traits and organizational culture in key account management. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, (August 2024). https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-03-2024-0205

  66. Meng, H. (2022). Analysis of the relationship between transformational leadership and educational management in higher education based on deep learning. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2022, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5287922

  67. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z

  68. Milani, R., Setti, I., & Argentero, P. (2021). Learning agility and talent management: A systematic review and future prospects. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 73(4), 349–371. https://doi.org/10.1037/cpb0000209

  69. Milani, R., Sommovigo, V., Ghirotto, L., & Setti, I. (2024). Individual differences in learning agility at work: A mixed methods study to develop and validate a new scale. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 35(4), 455–475. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21528

  70. Munir, M. A., Zaheer, M. A., Haider, M., Rafique, M. Z., Rasool, M. A., & Amjad, M. S. (2019). Problems and barriers affecting total productive maintenance implementation. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 9(5), 4818–4823. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3082

  71. Mushthafa, A., Yuniarto, B., & Sururi, A. (2025). Integrating Sharia Principles into Human Resource Management: Strategies for Sustainable Social Development. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 08(1), 42–45. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v8-i1-05

  72. Nasir, A., Zakaria, N., & Zien Yusoff, R. (2022). The influence of transformational leadership on organizational sustainability in the context of industry 4.0: Mediating role of innovative performance. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2105575. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2105575

  73. Nazaretsky, T., Ariely, M., Cukurova, M., & Alexandron, G. (2022). Teachers’ trust in AI ‐powered educational technology and a professional development program to improve it. British Journal of Educational Technology, 53(4), 914–931. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13232

  74. Niță, V., & Guțu, I. (2023). The role of leadership and digital transformation in higher education students’ work engagement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), 5124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065124

  75. Niu, S., Park, B. I., & Jung, J. S. (2022). The effects of digital leadership and ESG management on organizational innovation and sustainability. Sustainability, 14(23), 15639. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315639

  76. Nugraheni, P., Musa Alhabshi, S., & Rosman, R. (2024). A framework to improve the implementation of business ethics in islamic business organisations. Petita: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Syariah, 9(1), 185–211. https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v9i1.256

  77. Nurdiana, N., Muin, R., & Wahab, A. (2025). Fundamental principles of Islamic economic system: Justice, equity, and moral conduct. Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 4(6), 2627–2646. https://doi.org/10.55927/fjmr.v4i6.271

  78. Ozsoy, E. (2019). An empirical test of herzberg’s two-factor motivation theory. Marketing and Management of Innovations, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2019.1-01

  79. Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(8), 577–588. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO8.577

  80. Parveen, M., & Alshehri, M. (2023). Linking Transformational Leadership With Organizational Performance: A PLS-SEM Integrated Model Examining the Mediating Role OF Innovative Work Behavior And Motivation. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 12(4), 487–511. https://doi.org/10.33844/ijol.2023.60392

  81. Popaitoon, S., Mumi, A., Popaitoon, P., & Li, X. (2026). The roles of job crafting, person-job fit and work engagement: New generation employees towards entrepreneurial intention. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 18(4), 873–892. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-03-2025-0154

  82. Qin, Y. S. (2024). How internal listening inspires remote employee engagement: Examining the mediating effects of perceived organizational support and affective organizational commitment. Journal of Communication Management, 28(4), 553–572. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-11-2023-0117

  83. Robertson, J., Botha, E., Walker, B., Wordsworth, R., & Balzarova, M. (2022). Fortune favours the digitally mature: The impact of digital maturity on the organisational resilience of SME retailers during COVID-19. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 50(8/9), 1182–1204. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-10-2021-0514

  84. Roscoe, S., Cousins, P. D., & Handfield, R. (2019). The microfoundations of an operational capability in digital manufacturing. Journal of Operations Management, 65(8), 774–793. https://doi.org/10.1002/joom.1044

  85. Ross, S., Pirraglia, C., Aquilina, A. M., & Zulla, R. (2022). Effective competency-based medical education requires learning environments that promote a mastery goal orientation: A narrative review. Medical Teacher, 44(5), 527–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2021.2004307

  86. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2023). Self-determination theory. In Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research (pp. 6229–6235). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17299-1_2630

  87. Ryan, R. M., Duineveld, J. J., Di Domenico, S. I., Ryan, W. S., Steward, B. A., & Bradshaw, E. L. (2022). We know this much is (meta-analytically) true: A meta-review of meta-analytic findings evaluating self-determination theory. Psychological Bulletin, 148(11–12), 813–842. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000385

  88. Saini, S., & Singh, D. (2022). Reckoning with the barriers to Lean implementation in Northern Indian SMEs using the AHP-TOPSIS approach. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 13(3), 683–712. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-02-2020-0032

  89. Sandi, F. (2022, April 15). Parah! Ribuan Mobil Daihatsu Kena Recall, Rocky Jadi “Korban.” CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20220415062610-4-331889/parah-ribuan-mobil-daihatsu-kena-recall-rocky-jadi-korban

  90. Sarpong, S. A., Akom, M. S., Kusi-Owusu, E., Ofosua-Adjei, I., & Lee, Y. (2021). The role of commitment in the relationship between components of organizational culture and intention to stay. Sustainability, 13(9), 5151. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095151

  91. Schiuma, G., Schettini, E., Santarsiero, F., & Carlucci, D. (2022). The transformative leadership compass: Six competencies for digital transformation entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 28(5), 1273–1291. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2021-0087

  92. Senadjki, A., Au Yong, H. N., Ganapathy, T., & Ogbeibu, S. (2024). Unlocking the potential: The impact of digital leadership on firms’ performance through digital transformation. Journal of Business and Socio-Economic Development, 4(2), 161–177. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBSED-06-2023-0050

  93. Serang, S., Ramlawati, R., Suriyanti, S., Junaidi, J., & Nurimansjah, R. A. (2024). The role of ethical leadership on employees’ behaviours and commitment to the organisation. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 22, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v22i0.2373

  94. Setiawan, N., Rahmiati, A., & Soewarno, N. (2025). The mediating role of digital technology in the relationship between green innovation and business performance: Evidence from Indonesia’s automotive industry. International Journal of Innovation Science, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-03-2025-0152

  95. Silva, P., Moreira, A. C., & Mota, J. (2023). Employees’ perception of corporate social responsibility and performance: The mediating roles of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational trust. Journal of Strategy and Management, 16(1), 92–111. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-10-2021-0213

  96. Soomro, M. A., Kumar, A., Shaikh, H., & Maharvi, M. (2024). Ethical leadership and followers’ performance: The mediation of relational identification. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 13(2), 344–354. https://doi.org/10.33844/ijol.2024.60415

  97. Sosik, J. J., & Godshalk, V. M. (2000). Leadership styles, mentoring functions received, and job-related stress: A conceptual model and preliminary study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(4), 365–390. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(200006)21:4%3C365::AID-JOB14%3E3.0.CO;2-H

  98. Sousa, C., Esperança, J., & Gonçalves, G. (2022). Pets at work: Effects on social responsibility perception and organizational commitment. Psychology of Leaders and Leadership, 25(2), 144–163. https://doi.org/10.1037/mgr0000128

  99. Spencer, L. M., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance. Wiley.

  100. Suhermin, S., Rahayu, R., Zahro, M., Shabrie, W. S., & Suryawirawan, O. A. (2024). Employee performance in the nexus of leadership agility, perceived organizational support, organizational commitment and readiness for change. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 13(1), 67–88. https://doi.org/10.26418/jebik.v13i1.75373

  101. Teece, D. J. (2023). The evolution of the dynamic capabilities framework. In R. Adams, D. Grichnik, A. Pundziene, & Christine Volkmann (Eds.), Artificiality and Sustainability in Entrepreneurship: Exploring the Unforeseen, and Paving the Way to a Sustainable Future (pp. 113–129). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11371-0_6

  102. Tripathi, A., Srivastava, R., & Sankaran, R. (2020). Role of learning agility and learning culture on turnover intention: An empirical study. Industrial and Commercial Training, 52(2), 105–120. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-11-2019-0099

  103. Türk, A. (2023). Digital leadership role in developing business strategy suitable for digital transformation. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1066180. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1066180

  104. Vinodh, S., & Wankhede, V. A. (2021). Application of fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy CODAS for analysis of workforce attributes pertaining to Industry 4.0: A case study. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 38(8), 1695–1721. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-09-2020-0322

  105. Vo, T. T. D., Tuliao, K. V., & Chen, C.-W. (2022). Work motivation: The roles of individual needs and social conditions. Behavioral Sciences, 12(2), 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12020049

  106. Wang, T., Lin, X., & Sheng, F. (2022). Digital leadership and exploratory innovation: From the dual perspectives of strategic orientation and organizational culture. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 902693. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.902693

  107. Wang, W., Albert, L., & Sun, Q. (2020). Employee isolation and telecommuter organizational commitment. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 42(3), 609–625. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-06-2019-0246

  108. Wang, Y., Park, J., & Gao, Q. (2025). Digital leadership and employee innovative performance: The role of job crafting and person–job fit. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1492264

  109. Wankhede, V. A., Vinodh, S., & Antony, J. (2025). Empirical analysis of key operational characteristics of lean six sigma and Industry 4.0 integration. The TQM Journal, 37(2), 611–634. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-01-2023-0033

  110. Widjaja, P. (2023). Effective employee management in times of organizational transformation. Advances in Human Resource Management Research, 1(3), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.60079/ahrmr.v1i3.195

  111. Wrede, M., Velamuri, V. K., & Dauth, T. (2020). Top managers in the digital age: Exploring the role and practices of top managers in firms’ digital transformation. Managerial and Decision Economics, 41(8), 1549–1567. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3202

  112. Xiao, S., Roh, T., Park, B. I., AL‐Tabbaa, O., & Seo, K. (2026). Unpacking the role of digital dynamic capabilities in ESG performance: A social exchange perspective on organizational trust and identification. Business Strategy and the Environment, 35(2), 1951–1969. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70273

  113. Zada, M., Zada, S., Dhar, B. K., Ping, C., & Sarkar, S. (2025). Digital leadership and sustainable development: Enhancing firm sustainability through green innovation and top management innovativeness. Sustainable Development, 33(5), 6704–6716. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.3488

  114. Zeshan, M., Qureshi, T. M., & Saleem, I. (2023). Impact of digitalization on employee’s autonomy: Evidence from French firms. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 53(6), 1287–1306. https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-06-2021-0090

  115. Zhu, J., Zhang, B., Xie, M., & Cao, Q. (2022). Digital leadership and employee creativity: The role of employee job crafting and person-organization fit. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 827057. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.827057

Digital leadership and green technology for sustainable smart community village transformation: An Islamic economics perspective in Indonesian villages

Ahmad Gunawan, Dadang Heri Kusumah, Widiyanti Widiyanti, Nabila Saddaf
Abstract View : 0
Download :0
10.20885/jielariba.vol12.iss1.art22
Review Reports Originality Report

Transforming mustahiq into muzzaki through strategic management: An empirical study of productive zakat distribution in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Chaidir Iswanaji, Syamsul Anwar, Syafiq Mahmadah Hanafi
Abstract View : 95
Download :30
10.20885/jielariba.vol12.iss1.art18
PDF Review Reports Originality Report

Sharia hotel management strategies for Halal tourism competitiveness in Padang Lawas, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Rijal Allamah Harahap, Haddad 'Ulum Harahap
Abstract View : 0
Download :0
10.20885/jielariba.vol12.iss1.art20
PDF Review Reports Originality Report

Transforming Islamic religious counselors into agents of mosque-based community economic empowerment in Pesawaran Regency

Asmaria Asmaria, Heni Noviarita, Ali Abdul Wakhid, Rini Setiawati
Abstract View : 7460
Download :248
10.20885/jielariba.vol12.iss1.art6
PDF Review Reports Originality Report

Reconstructing Homo Islamicus through Hifz al-Bi’ah: An ecological paradigm for contemporary Islamic economics

Mursal Mursal, Hulwati Hulwati, Rozalinda Rozalinda, Muhammad Fauzi, Nenengsih Nenengsih
Abstract View : 440
Download :264
10.20885/jielariba.vol11.iss2.art21
PDF Review Reports Originality Report