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Abstract
Abstract
Background: WHO found that the inappropriate use of medicine still become a big problem in the
world. Therefore, pharmacy services evaluation must be done to improve the appropriate use of
medicine.
Objective: This study aims to know the pharmacy services based on WHO patient-care indicators and
to determine the correlations between socio-demographic characteristics and patient knowledge
about medicine use.
Method: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted by using the WHO patient-care
indicator on 211 regular outpatients or non-insurance at one of private hospital in Yogyakarta. This
study used disproportionate stratified random sampling method. Data were collected by observation
and interview the patient and analyzed by using WHO patient-care indicator. The relation between
socio-demographic characteristics and patient knowledge were analyzed using chi-square and
spearmen test.
Results: The average of dispensing time was 47.52 second and 99.4% medicines dispensed.
Percentage of medicine labelled was 92.26% and only 36,5% patients know about the medicines use.
Based on statistical analysis, there was no correlation between level of patient knowledge with age
(p=0.218) and gender (p=0.209). Otherwise, education (p=0.005) was correlated with level of patient
knowledge.
Conclusion: The pharmacy services in hospital was good, but pharmacist still need to improve
communication to patients about medicines they received. Whereas, education have relationship with
patient level knowledge
Keywords: pharmacy service, outpatient, hospital
Latar belakang: Data WHO menyatakan bahwa masih banyak terjadi penggunaan obat yang tidak
tepat oleh pasien. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan dengan evaluasi pelayanan kefarmasian secara
rutin sebagai salah satu upaya peningkatan penggunaan obat yang tepat.
Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran pelayanan kefarmasian pada pasien rawat jalan umum berdasarkan
indikator pelayanan pasien WHO dan mengetahui hubungan faktor sosiodemografi dengan
pengetahuan pasien tentang penggunaan obat
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan rancangan cross-
sectional pada 211 pasien rawat jalan umum atau non-asuransi di salah satu rumah sakit swasta
Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode disproportionate stratified random
sampling. Data diperoleh dari observasi dan wawancara kepada pasien kemudian data dianalisis
secara deskriptif menggunakan rumus sesuai indikator pelayanan pasien WHO. Analisis hubungan
sosiodemografi dengan pengetahuan pasien tentang penggunaan obat dilakukan menggunakan uji
statistik chi-square dan spearman test.
Hasil: Rata-rata waktu penyerahan obat yaitu 47,52 detik dengan persentase obat terlayani 99,4%.
Persentase etiket obat yang memadai 91,7% dan pasien yang mengetahui cara penggunaan obat yang
diterima sebesar 36,5%. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara usia
(p=0,218) dan jenis kelamin (p=0,209) dengan tingkat pengetahuan, serta terdapat hubungan antara
tingkat pendidikan (p=0,005) dengan pengetahuan pasien.
Kesimpulan: Secara umum pelayanan kefarmasian di rumah sakit sudah baik, namun masih perlu
peningkatan dalam pemberian informasi obat kepada pasien saat penyerahan obat. Sedangkan, faktor
sosiodemografi yang berhubungan dengan tingkat pengetahuan pasien tentang penggunaan obat
adalah tingkat pendidikan.
Kata kunci : pelayanan kefarmasian, pasien
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