Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose – This study examined the effect of corporate culture (the availability of corporate pages on the website of the company) on the corporate value (Tobin’s Q) of the companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Design/methodology/approach – The study uses secondary data extracted both from the company website and the financial reports for the year 2019. There are 530 companies that met the selection criteria. The hypothesis is tested using the cross-sectional ordinary least square (OLS) regression.
Findings – The results show a modest positive effect of corporate culture on corporate value. The robustness test reveals that the finding is more pronounced among small companies. The study also includes four other variables, namely employee activities, employee training programs, honors earned, and charity programs. It was found that only honors earned have a significant positive effect on corporate value.
Research limitations/implications – This study uses a cross-sectional-based analysis, making it lack of capability to look for the multi-years effect of the variables being investigated. It measures Tobin’s Q using the end of the fiscal year stock price. Using one single day as the base of calculation may ignore the fluctuation of the stock prices over the whole year.
Practical implications – Given the findings, it is recommended that the company shall disclose and promote its corporate culture as a means of informing potential investors about the company’s strong commitment to doing business with a specific culture.
Originality/value – The study examines the issue using cross-sectional data and divides the sample based on the size of the companies allowing it to seek more evidence on whether the main issue under investigation is sensitive to the size of the company.
Keywords
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Copyright (c) 2023 Andreas Andreas, Tatang Ary Gumanti
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References
- Baker, K., (2002). Organisational Culture. 1st Ed. Chapter 1, 3-7. Available at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/doe/benchmark/ch11.pdf.
- Barney, J.B. (1986). Organizational culture: Can it be a source of sustained competitive advantage?. Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 656–665.
- Bird, R., D. Hall, A., & Momentè, F. (2007). What corporate social responsibility activities are valued by the market?. Journal of Business Ethics, 76(2), 189–206.
- Cameron, K.S. & Quinn, R.E. (2006). Diagnosing and Changing Organisational Culture Based on Competing Values Framework. Josey Bass, San Francisco.
- Chatman, J. A., Caldwell, D. F., O’Reilly, C. A., & Doerr, B. (2014). Parsing organizational culture: How the norm for adaptability influences the relationship between culture consensus and financial performance in high-technology firms. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(6), 785-808.
- Corritore, M., Goldberg, A., & Srivastava, S. B. (2019). Duality in diversity: How intrapersonal and interpersonal cultural heterogeneity relate to firm performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 65(2), 1-36.
- Cremer, J. (1993). Corporate culture and shared knowledge. Industrial and Corporate Change, 2(3), 351-386.
- Deal, T., & Kennedy, A. (1982). Corporate Culture: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life 1982 Reading. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley.
- Denison, D.R. (1990). Corporate Culture and Organizational Effectiveness. New York,
- NY: Wiley.
- Eaton, D., & Kilby, G. (2015). Does your organizational culture support your business
- strategy?. Journal for Quality and Participation, 37(4), 4-7.
- Givens, R.J. (2012). The study of the relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance in non-profit religious organizations. International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, 15(2), 239-263. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOTB-15-02-2012-B004.
- Gordon, G.G., & DiTomaso, N. (1992). Predicting corporate performance from organizational culture. Journal of Management Studies, 29(6), 783-798.
- Graham, J.R., Harvey, C.R., Popadak, J., & Rajgopal, S. (2017). Corporate culture: evidence from the field. Working paper No. 23255). National. Bureau Economics Research. Available at: http://www.nber.org/papers/w23255.pdf.
- Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., & Zingales, L. (2015). The value of corporate culture. Journal of Financial Economics, 117(1), 60-76.
- Hartnell, C.A., Ou, A.Y., & Kinicki, A. (2011). Organizational culture and organizational effectiveness: A meta-analytic investigation of the competing values framework’s theoretical suppositions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(4), 677-694.
- Heryanto, G., & Agustine, Y. (2017). The influence of organizational culture on corporate performance: Using management accounting system as the mediating variable. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 10(1), 35-48. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2911905.
- Joseph, O.O., & Kibera, F. (2019). Organizational Culture and Performance: Evidence from Microfinance Institutions in Kenya. SAGE Open, 9(1), 1-11.
- Karim, S., & Qamruzzaman, M.D. (2020). Corporate culture, management commitment, and HRM effect on operation performance: The mediating role of just-in-time. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1-26.
- Kenny, G. (2012). Diversification: Best practices of the leading companies. Journal of Business Strategy, 33(1), 12-20.
- Kilmann, R. H., Saxton, M. J., & Serpa, R. (1985). Gaining Control of the Corporate Culture. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Kirkman, B.L., Lowe, K.B., & Gibson, C.B. (2016). A retrospective on Culture’s Consequences: The 35-year journey. Journal of International Business Studies, 48(1), 12-29.
- Kreps, D. (1990). Corporate culture and economic theory. In: Alt, J.E., Shepsle, K.A. (Eds.), Perspectives on Positive Political Economy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 93–104. (Chapter4).
- Lim, B. (1995). Examining the organizational culture and organizational performance link: A critical review of the methodologies and findings of recent researchers into the presumed link between culture and performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 16(5), 16-21.
- Linnenluecke, M., & Griffiths, A. (2010). Corporate sustainability and organizational
- culture. Journal of World Business, 45(4), 357-366.
- McShane, S.L., & Glinow, M.A. (2005). Organizational Behaviour: Emerging Realities for Workplace Revolution. New York: McGraw-Hill, International Edition.
- Muslih, M., & Halliawan, P. (2021). Organizational culture and corporate governance as a performance driver of Indonesia state-owned enterprises (SOE). South-East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, 24(1), 56-65.
- O’Reilly, C.A. (1989). Corporations, culture, and commitment: motivation and social control in organizations. California Management Review, 31(4), 9-25.
- O’Reilly, C.A., & Chatman, J. (1996). Culture as social control: corporations, cults, and commitment. In: Staw, B.M., Cummings, L.L. (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, vol.18., JAIPress, Inc., Greenwich, pp.157–200. (Chapter).
- Oberföll, K., Camarena, M.E., & Saavedra, M.L. (2018). Relationship between organizational culture and performance among German multinational companies in Mexico. Journal of Business, 10(2), 24–47.
- Saffold, G.S. (1988). Culture traits, strength, and organizational performance: Moving beyond strong culture. Academy of Management Review, 13(4), 546-558.
- Schein, Edgar. (1985). Organizational Culture and Leadership. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1496184.
- Schein, E.H. (2010). Organizational Culture and Leadership. 4th Ed. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass.
- Shahzad, F., Luqman, R., Khan, A., & Shabbir, L. (2012). Impact of organizational
- culture on organizational performance: An overview. Interdisciplinary Journal of
- Contemporary Research in Business, 3(9), 975-985.
- Silva, K. (2017). Culture: A key ingredient in business success. Strategic HR Review, 16(4), 166-170.
- Sørensen, J.B. (2002). The strength of corporate culture and the reliability of firm performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47(1), 70-91.
- Tulcanaza-Prieto, A.B., Aguilar-Rodríguez, I.E., & Artieda, C. (2021). Organizational Culture and Corporate Performance in the Ecuadorian Environment. Administrative Sciences, 11(4):1-17.
- Weber, Y., & Tarba, S. (2012). Mergers and acquisitions process: The use of corporate
- culture analysis. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 19(3), 288-303.
- Yesil, A., & Kaya, A. (2013). the effect of organizational culture on firm financial performance: evidence from a developing country. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 81, 428-443.
- Zhao, H., Teng, H., & Wu, W. (2018). The effect of corporate culture on firm performance: Evidence from China. China Journal of Accounting Research, 11(1), 1-19.
- Zingales, L. (2015). The “cultural revolution” in finance. Journal of Financial Economics, 117(1), 1-4.
References
Baker, K., (2002). Organisational Culture. 1st Ed. Chapter 1, 3-7. Available at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/doe/benchmark/ch11.pdf.
Barney, J.B. (1986). Organizational culture: Can it be a source of sustained competitive advantage?. Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 656–665.
Bird, R., D. Hall, A., & Momentè, F. (2007). What corporate social responsibility activities are valued by the market?. Journal of Business Ethics, 76(2), 189–206.
Cameron, K.S. & Quinn, R.E. (2006). Diagnosing and Changing Organisational Culture Based on Competing Values Framework. Josey Bass, San Francisco.
Chatman, J. A., Caldwell, D. F., O’Reilly, C. A., & Doerr, B. (2014). Parsing organizational culture: How the norm for adaptability influences the relationship between culture consensus and financial performance in high-technology firms. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(6), 785-808.
Corritore, M., Goldberg, A., & Srivastava, S. B. (2019). Duality in diversity: How intrapersonal and interpersonal cultural heterogeneity relate to firm performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 65(2), 1-36.
Cremer, J. (1993). Corporate culture and shared knowledge. Industrial and Corporate Change, 2(3), 351-386.
Deal, T., & Kennedy, A. (1982). Corporate Culture: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life 1982 Reading. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley.
Denison, D.R. (1990). Corporate Culture and Organizational Effectiveness. New York,
NY: Wiley.
Eaton, D., & Kilby, G. (2015). Does your organizational culture support your business
strategy?. Journal for Quality and Participation, 37(4), 4-7.
Givens, R.J. (2012). The study of the relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance in non-profit religious organizations. International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, 15(2), 239-263. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOTB-15-02-2012-B004.
Gordon, G.G., & DiTomaso, N. (1992). Predicting corporate performance from organizational culture. Journal of Management Studies, 29(6), 783-798.
Graham, J.R., Harvey, C.R., Popadak, J., & Rajgopal, S. (2017). Corporate culture: evidence from the field. Working paper No. 23255). National. Bureau Economics Research. Available at: http://www.nber.org/papers/w23255.pdf.
Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., & Zingales, L. (2015). The value of corporate culture. Journal of Financial Economics, 117(1), 60-76.
Hartnell, C.A., Ou, A.Y., & Kinicki, A. (2011). Organizational culture and organizational effectiveness: A meta-analytic investigation of the competing values framework’s theoretical suppositions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(4), 677-694.
Heryanto, G., & Agustine, Y. (2017). The influence of organizational culture on corporate performance: Using management accounting system as the mediating variable. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 10(1), 35-48. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2911905.
Joseph, O.O., & Kibera, F. (2019). Organizational Culture and Performance: Evidence from Microfinance Institutions in Kenya. SAGE Open, 9(1), 1-11.
Karim, S., & Qamruzzaman, M.D. (2020). Corporate culture, management commitment, and HRM effect on operation performance: The mediating role of just-in-time. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1-26.
Kenny, G. (2012). Diversification: Best practices of the leading companies. Journal of Business Strategy, 33(1), 12-20.
Kilmann, R. H., Saxton, M. J., & Serpa, R. (1985). Gaining Control of the Corporate Culture. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Kirkman, B.L., Lowe, K.B., & Gibson, C.B. (2016). A retrospective on Culture’s Consequences: The 35-year journey. Journal of International Business Studies, 48(1), 12-29.
Kreps, D. (1990). Corporate culture and economic theory. In: Alt, J.E., Shepsle, K.A. (Eds.), Perspectives on Positive Political Economy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 93–104. (Chapter4).
Lim, B. (1995). Examining the organizational culture and organizational performance link: A critical review of the methodologies and findings of recent researchers into the presumed link between culture and performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 16(5), 16-21.
Linnenluecke, M., & Griffiths, A. (2010). Corporate sustainability and organizational
culture. Journal of World Business, 45(4), 357-366.
McShane, S.L., & Glinow, M.A. (2005). Organizational Behaviour: Emerging Realities for Workplace Revolution. New York: McGraw-Hill, International Edition.
Muslih, M., & Halliawan, P. (2021). Organizational culture and corporate governance as a performance driver of Indonesia state-owned enterprises (SOE). South-East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, 24(1), 56-65.
O’Reilly, C.A. (1989). Corporations, culture, and commitment: motivation and social control in organizations. California Management Review, 31(4), 9-25.
O’Reilly, C.A., & Chatman, J. (1996). Culture as social control: corporations, cults, and commitment. In: Staw, B.M., Cummings, L.L. (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, vol.18., JAIPress, Inc., Greenwich, pp.157–200. (Chapter).
Oberföll, K., Camarena, M.E., & Saavedra, M.L. (2018). Relationship between organizational culture and performance among German multinational companies in Mexico. Journal of Business, 10(2), 24–47.
Saffold, G.S. (1988). Culture traits, strength, and organizational performance: Moving beyond strong culture. Academy of Management Review, 13(4), 546-558.
Schein, Edgar. (1985). Organizational Culture and Leadership. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1496184.
Schein, E.H. (2010). Organizational Culture and Leadership. 4th Ed. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass.
Shahzad, F., Luqman, R., Khan, A., & Shabbir, L. (2012). Impact of organizational
culture on organizational performance: An overview. Interdisciplinary Journal of
Contemporary Research in Business, 3(9), 975-985.
Silva, K. (2017). Culture: A key ingredient in business success. Strategic HR Review, 16(4), 166-170.
Sørensen, J.B. (2002). The strength of corporate culture and the reliability of firm performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47(1), 70-91.
Tulcanaza-Prieto, A.B., Aguilar-Rodríguez, I.E., & Artieda, C. (2021). Organizational Culture and Corporate Performance in the Ecuadorian Environment. Administrative Sciences, 11(4):1-17.
Weber, Y., & Tarba, S. (2012). Mergers and acquisitions process: The use of corporate
culture analysis. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 19(3), 288-303.
Yesil, A., & Kaya, A. (2013). the effect of organizational culture on firm financial performance: evidence from a developing country. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 81, 428-443.
Zhao, H., Teng, H., & Wu, W. (2018). The effect of corporate culture on firm performance: Evidence from China. China Journal of Accounting Research, 11(1), 1-19.
Zingales, L. (2015). The “cultural revolution” in finance. Journal of Financial Economics, 117(1), 1-4.